重庆市都市发达经济圈土地利用结构效益分析

随着城镇化及工业化的推进,区域土地利用结构问题近年来一直为社会各方所关注。运用多种数学方法,定量分析重庆市发达经济圈土地利用结构现状及其效益,就本区域经济发展所面临的土地利用问题提出相应的对策措施。     

Post-contentious politics and Iran's first ecovillage

The existing scholarship on alternative institutional designs around environmental issues mostly focuses on ideals, goals and practices of these designs. It remains unclear under which circumstances these initiatives emerge and expand. Moreover, those scholars who address the emergence and expansion of these initiatives focus on examples which are located in advanced industrialised societies. It remains unclear why and how these alternative institutions emerge in non-industrialised societies and countries which have not gone through the same growth path as their advanced industrialised counterparts. Consequently, transformative implication of these initiatives for broader social change in non-advanced industrialised societies has not been explored. In this paper, I show that in Iran the emergence of these alternative designs should be understood within the context of post-contentious politics. I present original research on a cooperative that embraces an alternative lifestyle and whose aim is to create Iran's first ecovillage. This case study discusses one kind of response to the contraction of space for civil society and environmental non governmental organisations in Iran. The paper adds to our understanding of the interplay between democratisation processes and environmental activism.     

入水角度对球体高速入水空泡特性影响研究

目的 针对球体高速入水过程中空泡的演化过程及运动特性展开研究,为弹体入水或空投鱼雷入水提供理论参考。方法 基于试验与数值模拟,主要讨论入水角度对球体高速入水过程中空泡生成、闭合、溃灭以及运动特性。结果 在球体入水过程中,根据入水空泡的形态特征,可以将入水过程分为入水冲击、空泡形成、空泡闭合和空泡溃灭4个阶段。在入水冲击阶段,球体头部承受的压力最大,且随着入水角度的减小,冲击阶段球体头部压力逐渐减小。在空泡闭合后,空泡的截面面积随着入水角度的增大而减小。在溃灭阶段,由于空泡溃灭夹断,会产生回射流,回射流的强度随着入水角度的减小而减小。在球体入水角度为30°时,溃灭夹断不会产生回射流。此外,球体以不同角度入水时,球体在水下的运动轨迹会发生不同程度的偏离,偏离程度随着入水角度的增大而减小,垂直入水时几乎未发生偏离。结论 入水角度对球体高速入水过程中空泡的演化过程及运动特性有较大影响,入水角度越小,球体入水后空泡截面积越大,总流动阻力系数Cd越大,且球体运动轨迹偏离越严重。     

CFD Simulation of the Dispersion of Binary Dust Mixtures in the 20 L Vessel

There are at least two main requirements for repeatable and reliable measurements of flammability and explosibility parameters of dusts: a uniform dispersion of solid particles inside the test vessel, and a homogeneous degree of turbulence. In several literature works, it has been shown that, in the standard 20 L sphere, the dust injection system generates a non-uniform dust cloud, while high gradients characterize the turbulent flow field. In this work, the dust dispersion inside the 20 L sphere was simulated for nicotinic acid/anthraquinone mixtures (with different pure dust ratios, while keeping the total dust concentration constant) with a validated three-dimensional CFD model. Numerical results show that the fields of dust concentration, flow velocity and turbulence are strongly affected by both diameter and density of the pure dusts. These different dust properties lead to segregation phenomena with the formation of zones richer in one component and leaner in the other one and vice versa, and also result in preferential paths for the solid particles inside the sphere. Overall, the obtained results highlight the need for developing a dust injection system able to overcome the shortcomings of the actual one even when testing dust mixtures.     

球形容器在爆炸试验中的安全性模拟分析

从评估爆炸球容器在气体爆炸试验中安全性角度,运用Ansys软件的瞬态动力学模块,进行了内部爆炸冲击载荷作用下的爆炸球容器应力分布的有限元数值模拟分析.对16 MnR材料的空心球体与4实心圆柱体的模型采用Solid 45单元划分网格, 并在球内加载峰值应力为0.8 MPa的渐变载荷, 在爆炸过程的0.4 s内, 得到最大 Von Mises 等效应力为75.651 MPa,小于16 MnR屈服极限325 MPa.计算结果表明了爆炸球试验的安全可行性.     

浅谈LPG球罐开罐检验的安全管理

本文全面阐述了LPG球罐开罐检验工作的安全，强调在开罐检验步骤中始终将安全掺入到其中，安全管理要实行“四全”（全员，全过程，全方位，全天候），同时提出对于外来施工队伍的管理，各类施工作业的管理，现场直接作业的管理，安全措施的落实等，要突出重点，实行精细管理的管理思路。     

加强安全管理 提高安全生产水平

搞好安全生产 ,防止事故 ,必须从加强企业的安全管理入手。本文提出采用有效的安全管理方法 ,建立和实施职业安全卫生管理体系标准 ,健全各项安全管理制度并狠抓落实 ,使企业逐步走向安全管理标准化     

可持续发展评估的新方法：“甜甜圈”理论的中国案例分析

“甜甜圈”理论是行星边界可持续发展评估体系中不可或缺的一部分。在原有的15个社会经济系统评估维度的基础上,针对不同研究样本概括了每个维度对应的具体指标,并总结了指标阈值设定的方法,包括惯例的延续、经验的借鉴以及典型样本的参考等。在此基础上,利用统计年鉴和中国综合社会调查（CGSS）数据,创新性地将“十二五”规划文件中相关指标的预期值设定为阈值,揭示了中国在收入水平和工作机会方面已达到最优状态,贫困问题得到了一定程度的解决,但水资源和能耗方面表现不佳;中国南部地区“自西向东”可持续发展程度越来越高,中国北部则是“自北往南”。社会经济系统需要在内容的丰富、理论的深化和阈值的客观设定等方面进一步完善。