高应力巷道底臌变形机理及控制技术分析

为了分析高应力巷道底臌变形机理,以铜川玉华煤矿2407工作面巷道为研究背景,采用理论分析和现场观测相结合的研究方法。根据巷道底臌主要由原岩应力、支承应力、围岩遇水膨胀、流变作用而引起进行分析,推导出计算底臌量的表达式。针对玉华煤矿高应力巷道底臌变形,提出在巷道顶板采用锚网梁索支护,帮部采用锚网支护的原支护条件下,底板采用锚杆注浆和切槽联合支护方式控制底臌。现场观测结果表明:这种联合支护方式能够有效控制巷道底臌变形,底臌量降低了61.5%。将底臌量理论解与现场监测的结果进行比较,误差小于8.93%,验证了理论的合理性,为巷道底臌量分析提供了参考。     

煤对CO2，N2和CH4的吸附速率经验公式与异同性研究*

为了解决吸附速率拟合公式缺乏而解吸经验公式众多的问题,通过替换解吸参数、定性和对比分析各经验公式对煤吸附CO₂,N₂,CH₄吸附速率的适用性,选取4种不同煤质的煤样在0.5,1.0和2.0 MPa下进行定温吸附实验,分析压力和煤质对吸附速率的影响规律。研究结果表明:时间函数式对3种气体在不同压力和煤质下的吸附速率拟合效果最佳;压力和煤质对3种气体吸附速率的影响既存在共性又具有差异性,气体吸附速率与压力符合指数函数关系,与挥发分呈现出二次函数关系,并且压力升高会导致最低吸附速率趋向于较高变质程度煤样;CH₄和N₂的吸附速率随压力升高而升高,而CO₂的吸附速率因煤样而不同,且在同压下,不同气体的最高和最低吸附速率煤样的变质程度也不同。     

抛光铝粉爆炸及ABC粉体抑爆特性的实验研究

为研究抛光铝粉的爆炸危险和ABC粉体的抑爆特性,在对实验粉体粒径分布进行分析的基础上,采用20 L粉尘爆炸特性实验装置,分别对不同铝粉尘浓度、不同抑爆剂浓度条件下的爆炸特性参数进行测试。研究结果表明:在实验条件下,铝粉的爆炸下限为45 g/m3＜C＜60 g/m3;随铝粉浓度增加,爆炸烈度呈现出先增强后减弱的变化趋势,在浓度为400 g/m3时爆炸烈度最大。ABC抑爆剂能够有效抑制铝粉爆炸超压和爆炸反应进程,随着惰性粉体浓度的增加,抑制效果愈加明显,爆炸逐渐减弱。当ABC惰性粉体的质量占比增加到50%时,相较单一铝粉爆炸,反应过程时间由72 ms增加至785 ms,爆炸最大压力、最大压力上升速率分别下降了61.7%,89.5%;当ABC粉体质量占比为53%时,铝粉被完全惰化,未发生爆炸。     

For the sake of my family: Understanding unethical pro-family behavior in the workplace

Unethical behaviors are prevalent and costly in organizations, and much recent research attention has been paid to different forms of workplace unethical behaviors. We contend that the extant research has overlooked an important form of workplace-related unethical behaviors: unethical behaviors that are conducted to benefit one's family but which violate societal and organizational moral rules, a construct we label as “unethical pro-family behavior” (UPFB). Our paper systematically conceptualizes UPFB and develops a scale for it. Drawing upon social cognitive theory, we argue that employees with stronger family financial pressure are more likely to employ moral disengagement mechanisms to deactivate moral self-regulation, resulting in higher levels of UPFB. Additionally, we argue that the proposed relationship is more pronounced when employees have high family motivation but is mitigated when employees have high organizational identification. Two studies are conducted for this paper. In Study 1 (N = 328 for Sample 1; N = 243 for Sample 2; N = 279 for Sample 3; N = 267 for Sample 4), we demonstrate that our UPFB scale has good construct validity and that our construct is differentiable from relevant constructs. In two time-lagged survey samples in Study 2 (N = 255 for Sample 1; N = 233 for Sample 2), we find support for our hypotheses. Theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed.     

Experimental research of LNG accidental underwater release and combustion behavior

Evaluating potential hazards caused by accidental LNG release from underwater pipelines or vessels is a significant consideration in marine transportation safety. The aim of this study was to capture the dynamic behavior of LNG jet released under water and to analyze its vapor dispersion characteristics and combustion characteristics on the water surface during different release scenarios. Controlled experiments were conducted where LNG was jet released from a cryogenic storage tank. The dynamic process of LNG being jet released from orifices of different sizes and shapes, as well as the rising plume structure, were captured by a high-speed camera. The leakage flow rate and pipeline pressure were recorded by a flow meter and pressure gauge, respectively. The concentration distribution that emanated from the water surface was measured utilizing methane sensors in different positions with various wind speeds. The flame combustion characteristics of LNG vapor clouds, which immediately ignited upon the enclosed water tank, were also recorded. Additionally, the mass burning rate of the flame on the water surface was evaluated, and a new correlation between the ratio of flame length and width was established. The results indicated a large dimensionless heat release rate (Q*) and a continuous release flow rate in a limited burning area. This study could provide greater understanding of the mechanisms of LNG release and combustion behavior under water.     

喷淋环栅式除尘脱硫反应器的数学模拟

研制了一种由内外圈构成的喷淋环栅式除尘脱硫反应装置,气、液两相在内外圈之间通向运动,紊流冲激环栅时接触传质。基于溶质渗透理论,提出了以内塔穿孔速率V,液气比L/G,吸收浆液pH值为参数的脱硫效率模型。对比某电厂工况条件下测得的一系列实验数据,显示出该模型与实际情况具有良好的一致性,表明该模型可以用来作为工程设计、最优化技术和推测工业数据的理论参考工具。     

负压二次曝气二氧化氯发生器的研制与应用

以氯酸钠和工业盐酸为基本原料,采用独特的负压二次曝气工艺,在催化剂作用下,经氧化还原反应产生以二氧化氯为主的混合消毒气体,经吸收后形成一定浓度的二氧化氯混合消毒液,与待处理水充分混合,达到杀菌消毒的目的。     

烹饪油烟污染与处理技术探讨

为了降低油烟对环境的污染,分析了油烟中的主要污染物成分及油烟对人体健康的几种危害。讨论了五种油烟净化技术:惯性分离法、过滤分离法、液体洗涤法、静电沉积法、复合技术。分析了液体洗涤油烟净化技术的原理、水循环利用时对洗涤废液进行的油水分离,提出了采用流场分析喷淋,以了解其流场的特性。结果表明,采用液体洗涤法去除油烟效率高,安全可靠。     

液体旋流分离器分离效率的研究

液体旋流分离器是水环境污染治理的主要设备之一.分离效率是衡量液体旋流分离器分离过程进行完善程度的最重要的技术指标,它能从质与量两方面反映出设备性能的优劣.当前液体旋流分离器设计过程还缺少具体量化的理论依据,为了给液体旋流分离器的设计提供理论依据,通过液体旋流分离器从水中分离固体粒子的性能实验,得出了液体旋流分离器各部结构尺寸、形状、相对比例对分离效率的不同影响程度,提出了结构参数的最佳取值范围.按照本研究提出的设计原则和方法,可以制造出性能优良的液体旋流分离器.     

交通荷载作用下饱和软粘土孔压-应变分析模型

针对交通荷载的作用特点设计了循环三轴试验,进而对交通荷载作用下饱和软粘土的动力特件进行厂研究.结果表明:循环荷载作用下,饱和软粘土存在临界循环应力比,采用孔压曲线所得到的临界循环应力比要小于采用应变曲线所得到的临界循环应力比.当土样不存在初始剪应力时,随着循环次数的增加,土样的应力-应变关系曲线近似原点对称,但随着初始剪应力的增大,应力-应变关系曲线逐渐表现为一系列平行曲线,峰值孔压与循环孔压幅值均逐渐减少;同时,轴应变的发展加快,但循环应变幅值逐渐减小.当循环应力比小于临界循环应力比时,对于同一初始剪应力,不同循环应力比下的孔压比-动应变曲线近似集中在同一条曲线上.通过对试验数据进行回归分析,得到了交通荷载作用下饱和软粘土残余孔压-累积塑性应变关系模型.