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51.
以水稻为材料,研究了不同浓度的模拟N、P污水对幼苗过氧化物酶(POD,EC1.11.1.7)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD,EC1.15.1.1)及其同工酶等的影响,结果表明:在总氮浓度(Nr)为0-90mg/L和总磷浓度(PT)为0-9mg/L范围内,POD与N、P浓度呈正相关,NT超过90mg/L和PT超过9mg/L这一阈值后呈下降趋势,NT在0-120mg/L和PT在0-12mg/L范围内,SOD,丙二醛(MDA)与N 相似文献
52.
有机磷农药对海洋微藻致毒性的生物学研究Ⅰ.四种海洋微藻对久效磷的耐受力与其SOD活性的相关性 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本文研究了久效磷农药对扁藻、三角褐指藻、金藻和盐藻的毒性实验。结果表明,四种海洋微藻对久效磷的耐受力依次为:盐藻>三角褐指藻>金藻>扁澡。对微藻细胞内过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的测定表明,四种海洋微藻对久效磷的耐受力与其SOD活性具相关性,耐受力最强的盐藻其细胞内SOD活性较高,并在久效磷的胁迫下保持相对稳定;耐受力较弱的三角褐指藻和金藻其细胞内SOD活性随着久效磷浓度的提高逐渐下降;而耐受力弱的扁藻在久效磷胁迫下,其细胞内SOD活性迅速下降。因此,可从SOD活性及其变化规律上判断久效磷对海洋环境污染的程度以及海洋微藻的耐受力。 相似文献
53.
氯氰菊酯对海洋卡盾藻的毒性效应 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
为了解拟除虫菊酯农药对海洋生态系统以及海洋初级生产力的影响,研究了氯氰菊酯对重要赤潮藻类海洋卡盾藻(Chattonella marina)的生长及生化指标的影响.结果表明,低浓度(≤10μg·L-1)的氯氰菊酯对海洋卡盾藻生长具有明显的促进作用,而高于50μg·L-1则产生较明显的抑制效应,但暴露后期会出现一定的超补偿效应.藻细胞内叶绿素a(Chl.a)、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性在暴露初期变化较剧烈,24h或48h后趋于平稳.随着培养(暴露)时间的延长,低浓度暴露组以上指标均呈现先促进后恢复趋势,而高浓度暴露组则呈现先抑制后恢复趋势,丙二醛(MDA)含量随培养(暴露)时间的延长呈先促进后恢复趋势且随氯氰菊酯浓度升高而明显升高.在实验设计浓度下,氯氰菊酯对SOD活性和MDA含量的最低作用剂量为10μg·L-1,而对其他生长和生化指标的最低抑制浓度为50μg·L-1,SOD和MDA可作为监测环境中氯氰菊酯污染的敏感指标. 相似文献
54.
采用化学浸渍法将Fe@Fe2O3纳米线负载在活性炭纤维/泡沫镍上组成Fe@Fe2O3/ACF/Ni复合阴极,以钛基铂(Pt/Ti)为阳极,考察载铁量、初始pH值和不同电化学体系对除藻效果的影响,探究无供氧条件下Pt/Ti-Fe@Fe2O3/ACF/Ni电化学体系除藻的效能;基于·OH间接检测、铁离子浓度、H2O2浓度及pH值的分析和·O2-的检测研究Pt/Ti-Fe@Fe2O3/ACF/Ni中性电化学体系反应机制.结果表明,当制备阴极阶段投加0.03g FeCl3·6H2O,初始藻浓度为0.7×10~9~0.8×10~9个/L,电流密度为75mA/cm2,初始pH6.2时,电解60min,该体系除藻率可达到92.3%.在Pt/Ti-Fe@Fe2O3/ACF/Ni电化学体系中,Fe@Fe2O3/ACF/Ni阴极可通过电化学反应产生大量·OH和·O2-,使藻细胞破裂死亡;该体系除藻的主要机理是非均相电Fenton反应. 相似文献
55.
56.
Our previous studies indicated that genotypes at locus Sod-1 of Poa annua changed clinally along a gradient of gaseous organic pollution. In the present study, we aimed to know whether there were differential responses of activities of different superoxide dismutase (SOD) genotypes to short-term treatment of ambient gaseous organic pollution. Significant bias from Hardy-Weinberg equibrium was observed on locus Sod-1, and no genotype Sod- l-BB was found. Significantly increased activities were observed in most treatments for genotype Sod-1-AA and in one treatment for genotype Sod-1-AB. However, no significant difference in SOD activities was found between the two genotypes. It was interpreted that fitness difference between the two genotypes was small and treatment duration was too short or extent of ambient organic pollution was too low to lead to differential responses. Other environmental factor effects on activities of superoxide dismutases can also explain the results. 相似文献
57.
以人宫颈癌HeLa细胞为研究对象,运用MTT法检测PCP处理后HeLa细胞的增长抑制率;通过测定细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的漏出率和总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,评价PCP的细胞毒性作用;彗星实验检测HeLa细胞经不同浓度PCP处理后的DNA损伤.结果表明,PCP对HeLa细胞的半数抑制浓度(IC50)为66.59μmol.L-1;HeLa细胞在12.5、25、50、100和200μmol.L-1 PCP染毒条件下,LDH的漏出率随着染毒时间的增加逐渐增大,具有明显的时间-效应关系,在12.25、17.5和25μmol.L-1 PCP染毒下,细胞培养液中SOD的活性随着染毒时间的增加逐渐下降,存在显著的时间-效应关系,低浓度PCP(25μmol.L-1)显著增加细胞培养液中LDH的漏出率以及PCP(12.25μmol.L-1)显著降低总SOD的活性;PCP(实验浓度为6.25、12.5、25和50μmol.L-1)不会导致HeLa细胞DNA损伤.因此SOD和LDH可作为评价低浓度PCP毒性效应的敏感性生物标志物. 相似文献
58.
Biogenic manganese oxides (BioMnOx) were synthesized by the oxidation of Mn(II) with Mn- oxidizing bacteria Pseudomonas sp. G7 under different initial pH values and Mn(II) dosages, and were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The crystal structure and Mn oxidation states of BioMnOx depended on the initial pH and Mn(lI) dosages of the medium. The superoxide radical (O2) was observed in Mn-containing (III/IV) BioMnOx suspensions by electron spin resonance measurements. BioMnOx(0.4)-7, with mixed valence of Mn(II/III/IV) and the strongest O~- signals, was prepared in the initial pH 7 and Mn(II) dosage of 0.4 mmol/L condition, and exhibited the highest activity for ciproftoxacin degradation and no Mn(II) release. During the degradation of ciprofloxacin, the oxidation of the Mn(II) formed came from biotic and abiotic reactions in BioMnOx suspensions on the basis of the Mn(II) release and O2- formation from different BioMnOx. The degradation process of ciprofloxacin was shown to involve the cleavage of the hexatomic ring having a secondary amine and carbon-carbon double bond connected to a carboxyl group, producing several compounds containing amine groups as well as small organic acids. 相似文献
59.
本文采用邻苯三酚自氧化法,测定了大亚湾核电站Ⅰ、Ⅱ号机组运转前与后第1年、第2年附近地区动物体肝组织及红细胞中超氧物歧化酶(EC1.15.1.1Superoxidedismutase,SOD)活性变化,结果发现Ⅰ、Ⅱ号机组运转后第1年与第2年,鱼类,细鳞(TheraponJarbua)红细胞与肝组织中SOD活性较运转前明显升高(P<0.05),血红蛋白略有下降,肝组织蛋白无明显变化,两栖类动物蟾蜍(Bufomelanostictus)红细胞SOD活性运转后亦明显升高(P<0.01),但肝组织中SOD活性呈现下降(P<0.05),血红蛋白及肝组织蛋白无明显性变化,本文对其变化可能原因进行了讨论。 相似文献
60.
T. Porstmann R. Wietschke G. Cobet G. Stamminger R. Bollmann V. Rogalski P. Pas 《黑龙江环境通报》1991,11(5):295-303
An enzyme immunoassay especially designed for the quantification of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) in erythrocytes has been applied to measure the SOD of outcomes with high risk for Down's syndrome. From 148 fetuses SOD was quantified from erythrocytes of umbilical vein blood and related to the number of cells, the content of haemoglobin (Hb), and to the haematocrit (Hc). Comparative studies between the SOD content of erythrocytes from the fetuses and their mothers resulted in similar SOD levels (14.09 ± 1.20 for fetal and 14.48 ± 1.63 for maternal cells) with a 1.84-fold smaller variance for fetal cells. The best differentiation between normal fetuses and fetuses with Down's syndrome resulted from the SOD/cell ratio followed by the SOD/Hb ratio. Fixing a cut-off value from the probability density functions that the method results in a specificity of 99.99 per cent, the sensitivity to detect cases of Down's syndrome was 99.71 per cent for the SOD/cell ratio, 70.92 per cent for the SOD/Hb ratio, and 60.21 per cent for the SOD/Hc ratio. Nine cases with Down's syndrome were correctly diagnosed by the SOD/cell ratio determination. Eight of these were confirmed as free trisomy 21 by karyotype analysis and one was found to be a triploidy. The latter was not detected by the SOD/Hb and SOD/Hc ratios because of the one-third higher content of haemoglobin and the larger volume of the erythrocytes which resulted in ratios within the normal range. 相似文献