掺铁TiO2纳米管阵列模拟太阳光光电催化降解双酚A的研究

双酚A(BPA)是一种典型的内分泌干扰物,其处理技术的开发对环境治理和人类健康都非常重要.以氙灯为模拟太阳光光源,掺铁Ti O2纳米管阵列(Fe/TNA)为光阳极,对BPA进行光电催化降解实验研究.通过场发射扫描电镜、X射线衍射以及紫外-可见漫反射表征Fe/TNA的形貌、物相和光吸收性能.结果表明,与纯Ti O2纳米管阵列(TNA)相比,Fe/TNA光吸收边界发生红移,在可见光区的吸收增强.考察Fe掺杂量、电流密度、不同阴极材料下曝气速率等因素对光电催化降解BPA的影响.结果表明,降解反应符合准一级反应动力学方程,在以0.9 mol·L-1Fe(NO3)3浸渍改性的Fe/TNA为光阳极、钛箔为阴极,电流密度为1.15 m A·cm-2的条件下反应4 h,10 mg·L-1BPA降解率可达72.3%,反应速率常数为5.32×10-3min-1,分别是以TNA为光阳极时的1.24倍和1.52倍;曝气可提升光电催化降解BPA的效果,以钛箔为阴极,曝气速率为1.0 L·min-1和以碳布为阴极,曝气速率为0.2 L·min-1条件下降解4 h,BPA的降解率分别可达82.7%和94.1%,反应速率常数分别为7.20×10-3min-1和11.6×10-3min-1.     

A3钢在不同化学清洗液体中的腐蚀失重分析

在A3钢腐蚀试验中,为完全清除腐蚀样品表面的腐蚀产物,必须采用化学清洗的方法.在比较不同的化学清洗效果之后,得出以下实验结果：柠檬酸铵-氨水系列对空白样的腐蚀很小,几乎为零,但是该溶液对腐蚀样品的腐蚀产物清洗效果不好;硫酸-有机缓蚀剂酸洗液对金属的空白腐蚀较重,使实验误差较大;有机缓蚀剂-盐酸系列对空白样的腐蚀适中,对腐蚀样品的腐蚀产物的清除也较完全.     

五氯酚对稀有鮈鲫胚胎毒性效应研究

研究五氯酚(PCP)对稀有鮈鲫(Gobiocypris rarus)胚胎的致畸和毒性效应.以7.5,30,60,120,250μg/L5个浓度的PCP对0hpf(hpf,受精卵孵出时间)的稀有鮈鲫胚胎进行暴露染毒,同时设置空白对照组、二甲基亚砜溶剂对照组和雌二醇(EE2,2.5ng/L)阳性对照组.在立体显微镜下观察整个胚胎的发育过程,统计胚胎的孵化率、96hpf相对存活率和各时期的畸形率,并利用半定量RT-PCR检测胚胎中CYP1A基因和p53基因mRNA的表达.结果表明,PCP暴露能延迟稀有鮈鲫胚胎发育,并造成胚胎卵凝结、心包囊肿、脊柱弯曲等多种畸形甚至死亡.随着PCP暴露浓度的升高,稀有鮈鲫胚胎的孵化率和96hpf相对存活率降低,各时期的畸形率增加,并呈现一定的浓度效应.稀有鮈鲫胚胎CYP1A基因和p53基因mRNA表达被显著诱导,并随PCP浓度的升高而增加.PCP对稀有鮈鲫胚胎发育表现为显著的毒性效应.稀有鮈鲫胚胎孵化率、96hpf相对存活率、各时期畸形率及CYP1A基因和p53基因的诱导表达可以作为评价PCP毒性作用的敏感指标.     

Effects of dissolved organic matter from sewage sludge on sorption of tetrabromobisphenol A by soils

Sorption of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) by soil influences its fate and transport in the environment. The presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) may complicate the sorption process in soil. The effects of DOM from sewage sludge on TBBPA sorption by three soils were investigated using batch equilibration experiments in the study. DOM was observed to be sorbed on the soils and the isotherms could be fitted by the Langmuir model. The effects of DOM on TBBPA sorption were dependent on the characteristics ...     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱-质谱联用法测痕量双酚A的方法优化

通过优化固相萃取和液相色谱条件,建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱-质谱法测定水中双酚A的检测方法.水样经C18固相萃取柱净化并富集双酚A后,采用C18反相色谱柱XR-ODS(2.0 mm×100 mm,2.2μm)分离,MRM负离子模式测定.结果表明:BPA浓度为5～200 ng/L范围内线性关系良好(相关系数为0.999...     

负载咪唑型离子液体硅胶吸附材料制备及应用研究

制备了3种取代咪唑键合的硅胶负载型离子液体(甲基咪唑-SIL、氨丙基咪唑-SIL及十二烷基咪唑-SIL),比较了其对水中双酚A(BPA)的吸附能力。在该研究的实验条件下,BPA在十二烷基咪唑-SIL与水溶液之间的分配系数K_d值高达(2.58±0.02)×10³ L/kg,氨丙基咪唑-SIL、甲基咪唑-SIL的K_d值也分别达到(2.26±0.28)×10、(2.71±0.16)×10 L/kg。采用甲醇为洗脱液,可以对十二烷基咪唑-SIL相中的BPA进行有效回收,2次洗脱的合并回收率为106.7%±4.8%。以十二烷基咪唑-SIL作为被动采样装置的接收相,对污水处理厂出水中BPA进行了被动采样监测应用的微宇宙实验研究。结果表明,在实验周期内,十二烷基咪唑-SIL被动采样器对水体中BPA的被动采集呈线性,其采集速率为0.33 L/d,与以HLB为接收相的商品化被动采样器接近,并且同HLB固相萃取填料相比,离子液体接收相对BPA的采集更具选择性,基质效应较小,可作为被动采样监测装置的理想接收相材料。     

Territoriality,defensible space and residential burglary: An environmental analysis

Previous research on territoriality suggests that territorial intrusion is associated with particular territorial demarcations. In the present study the use of territorial displays involving symbolic barriers, actual barriers, detectability, traces and social climate is related to the territorial intrusion of residential burglary. The five classes of territorial displays were assessed for a total of 306 burglarized houses on burglarized blocks, non-burglarized houses on burglarized blocks, and non-burglarized houses on non-burglarized blocks. After the data were reduced through factor analysis, multiple regression analysis revealed that burglarized houses differed from non-burglarized houses on non-burglarized blocks on four of the five classes of territorial displays. In general, burglarized houses had salient public territorial qualities: cues of openness and unoccupied appearance. In contrast, the non-burglarized houses had salient secondary or primary territorial qualities: territorial markers communicating privacy and individuality. In addition, non-burglarized houses had greater visual contact with neighboring houses.     

Urban environmental problems transition and environmental education towards sustainable cities in China

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Human impacts on the terrestrial ecosystem of Fildes Peninsula of King George Island, Antarctica

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Response of cucumber plants to increased UV-B radiation under water stress

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