中国循环经济发展规划的进展探讨

当前循环经济的研究工作在中国深入展开,与此相适应的循环经济规划的编制和实施工作紧密进行。文章围绕规划的理论基础、现实意义,以及基本元素构成进行介绍。就开展规划编制工作的现状展开综述,归纳所取得的成绩与存在的缺陷、待解决或完善的内容。从我国实际并行的若干规划出发．初步阐释其与循环经济规划协调的原理。现阶段的循环经济探索主要还是基于环境。其可能的经济属性的严重探完不足。试行循环经济规划之后增加的再生成本等其他相关问题在后一阶段的规划推进中需深入考虑。     

排污权交易总体框架研究

通过分析排污权交易试点省的业务工作,对省级排污权交易管理进行研究阐述,从整体的角度提出排污权交易管理工作的总体框架,从细节的角度对排污权交易的数据逻辑框架进行研究,为排污权交易由试点转向全国推广积累经验。     

A conceptual framework for analyzing sustainability strategies in industrial supply networks from an innovation perspective

This article proposes a new conceptual framework concerning the implementation of sustainability in supply networks from an innovation perspective. Based upon a recent qualitative literature review in environmental, social/ethical and logistics/operations management journals, this article summarizes and analyses the approaches found. Concluded is that even though innovation, socialization, experimental learning and cultural perspectives have been acknowledged as being relevant to explaining supply network dynamics in general, they are rarely included in the current frameworks concerning sustainability. The question still remains why companies influenced by the same external factors and similar in size and power develop a different strategy towards sustainability aspects in their supply network. The article demonstrates with the first results of a survey held in the fashion/clothing sector the relevance of this question.The proposed conceptual framework states that the capability to develop a strategy is influenced by the innovation power of the “focal” company and its supply network. The three implementation strategies presented in the framework are: resign, offensive and defensive. Two propositions are defined to be tested. These propositions focus on the relation between the level of innovation power and the implementation strategy concerning sustainability. Factors used to characterize the innovation power of the “focal” company are: external orientation and transparency, cooperation between departments, learning and adapting, leadership, autonomy and possibility for experimenting, and result driven. Cooperation in the supply networks is characterized by factors like trust, reputation, joint programmes, and cooperative information systems throughout the supply network.In empirical research, strategies found will be related with the level of innovation power. This level will be measured using the factors mentioned. The results might add a new innovation dimension to an improved conceptual framework within the interdisciplinary field of sustainability and supply network research.     

基于行政层级构建“橄榄型”生态文明建设指标框架

当前生态文明指标体系研究和实践中,一方面生态文明指标体系和生态文明指数构建方法不尽相同,另一方面刻意追求统一的指标体系而忽视了不同行政层级间的差异性,对层级间指标衔接等问题缺乏考虑。依照生态文明内涵以及十八大尤其是十八届三中全会关于生态文明建设尤其是生态文明考核指标要求,提出各行政层级构建“橄榄型”生态文明建设指标框架体系。该指标体系强调国家的顶层宏观引导作用,并以市县级生态文明建设指标体系为基础,向上构建省级生态文明建设指标体系,向下构建乡镇级生态文明建设指标体系,体现“国家—省—市县—乡镇”之间的整体性、衔接性、协调性,真正反映生态文明建设是“自上而下引导力”和“自下而上推动力”的合力作用的结果,服务于我国生态文明建设的持续开展和长效管理。     

套箍加固RC轴压中长柱的承载力理论研究∗

为研究套箍加固RC轴压中长柱的承载力理论计算分析方法,采用切线模量理论,根据材料本构关系和内外力平衡条件,推导了套箍加固RC轴压中长柱的弹塑性稳定承载力计算方法。将理论计算结果与试验结果进行了对比分析,结果表明:理论计算值均低于实测值,且二者的偏差在15%以内。根据所推导的计算分析方法,研究了核心柱初始荷载水平β、柱子长细比l0/b、套箍层混凝土强度、套箍层配筋量四种参数对加固柱承载力Nu的影响规律,结果表明:Nu总体上随β增大而减小,当β<0.7时,减小趋势不够明显,β>0.7后,减小趋势变得明显;l0/b对Nu有明显影响,Nu随l0/b的增大而减小,但二者不是线性关系;Nu随套箍层混凝土强度提高而增大,随套箍层配筋量增大而增大。     

高速铁路列车运行冲突管理总论

为提高铁路行车指挥水平、保障行车安全,研究了高速铁路列车运行冲突管理问题。以高速铁路运输系统特点分析为基础,在定义高速铁路列车运行冲突后,对列车运行冲突从4个不同角度进行分类。分析列车运行冲突的特点,阐述高速铁路列车运行冲突管理的内涵。列车运行冲突的形成机理研究、冲突分析、冲突消解和基于冲突管理的列车运行调整方法和运行图研究等问题构成中国高速铁路冲突管理的主要研究框架体系。高速铁路冲突管理理论体系的研究是高速铁路运输组织优化的关键问题之一,是高速铁路行车安全的重要保障。     

建筑可持续发展视角下供应链协调与社会责任共担机理研究方案架构

基于建筑全生命周期这个主线,建筑可持续发展视角下供应链协调与社会责任共担机理研究,以绿色建筑供应链运行效率为导向,以既有建筑节能改造效率为切入点,以产业链过程中各主体行为规律为基础,采用“总-分-合”的基本研究思路模式,聚焦了“主导企业驱动下绿色建筑供应链协调机理与策略、既有建筑节能改造主体社会责任共担机理、建筑废弃物再生利用产业链主体社会责任共担机理”等三部分核心内容,初步形成建筑可持续发展视角下供应链协调与社会责任共担机理的理论体系。本成果采用“总-分-合”的思路模式,基于循环经济理念和主体行为策略视角,遵循研究的学理逻辑,以研究生学位论文为基础,开展“主导企业驱动下绿色建筑供应链协调机理与策略、既有建筑节能改造主体社会责任共担机理、建筑废弃物再生利用产业链主体社会责任共担机理”3个子课题研究,从系统整体概况实施全面研究规划着手,构架了总括、绿色建筑供应链协调机理、既有建筑节能改造主体社会责任共担、建筑废弃物再生利用社会责任共担、总结等五大模块及上中下三大篇共12章的系统体系。     

水下爆炸空化研究进展

从理论研究、实验研究和数值模拟3个方面对水下爆炸局部空化和片空化的研究进展进行了综述,总结了理论及数值方面的研究进展,介绍了新的实验技术在水下爆炸空化研究中的应用。     

高校碳排放核算与分析：以北京A高校为例

在双碳背景下,我国各行业正积极核算自身碳排放,以有效应对气候变化,大学校园也应积极参与其中.以北京A高校为例,采用排放因子法和理论计算法核算了2021年其校园碳排放量.结果表明,A高校净碳排放量（以CO2计,下同）为43 249.04 t,人均碳排放量为1.52 t.电力、通勤与差旅、热力、天然气和食物是碳排放的主要来源.热力和天然气的碳排放与月份密切相关,而电力碳排放在不同的功能区和月份都有所不同.食物的碳排放与饮食结构有关,而污水和垃圾处理的碳排放则与处理过程有关.使用蒙特卡洛模拟法讨论了碳排放清单的不确定性,发现碳排放总量的不确定性在-13.61%～26.08%之间.尽管计算结果相对科学可靠,但通勤和差旅、电力、天然气和食品是主要的不确定性来源.总体来说,研究结果为校园和其他复杂系统的碳排放核算和不确定性计算提供了参考.     

An integrated river basin-coast-sea modelling scenario for nitrogen management in coastal waters

Linked river basin and coastal water models were applied to analyse the effects of an optimal nitrogen management scenario in the Oder/Odra river basin on water quality in the Oder (Szczecin) Lagoon and the Pomeranian Bay (Baltic Sea). This scenario would reduce nitrogen loads into the coastal waters by about 35%, a level which is similar to the load of the late 1960’s. During summer the primary production and algae biomass in the Oder estuary is limited by nitrogen, which makes a nitrogen management reasonable. The comparison of the late 1960’s and the mid 1990’s shows that an optimal nitrogen management has positive effects on coastal water quality and algae biomass. However, this realistic nitrogen reduction scenario would not ensure a good coastal water quality according to the European Water Framework Directive. A good water quality in the river will not be sufficient to ensure a good water quality in the lagoon. Nitrogen load reductions bear the risk of increased potentially toxic, blue-green algae blooms, especially in the Baltic coastal sea. However, to reach water quality improvements in lagoons and inner coastal waters, nitrogen cuts are necessary. A mere focus on phosphorus is not sufficient.