岩矿样品X射线荧光分析中多元素体系理论α系数的计算和应用

本文提出了岩矿样品X射线荧光分析中多元素体系的理论α系数的一种计算方法。假设试样由n个组分组成,其各组分平均含量为Cl(Cl=1,2,3,…k,……n),然后,假设某一组分的含量Cl相对于平均含量Cl有一微小变化量ΔC,并使每个组分相应变化一次,用基本参数法方程计算理论X射线相对强度;再按一定的数学模式计算相应的基本α系数,混合α系数和修正α系数。以实例计算了用于地质样品分析的各种理论α系数,应用于实际分析中结果令人满意。     

区域生态安全演化与绿色经济发展关系实证研究——以辽宁省为例

本文基于DPESAR框架的生态安全指标体系,选择辽宁省1995—2017年的面板数据,应用SPSS17.0和EViews6.0软件,建立生态安全演化与绿色经济发展关系的结构模型,研究二级指标和三级指标间的相互关系,识别其影响绿色经济发展的症结,进而构建最优控制模型,探讨二者之间的演化关系,依据辽宁省"十三五"发展规划的指标要求,模拟并预测辽宁省到2022年的生态安全与绿色经济发展关系的理想演化状态。结果显示:敏感指标的下降会造成生态安全的恶化。但是,通过政府的调控,消除暴露指标C(k)通过压力指标带来的滞后影响可以遏制生态环境的恶化。因此,调整后的生态安全影响因子对绿色经济发展有巨大的促进作用,从而可以为辽宁省"十三五"的绿色经济发展提供决策依据。     

突发事件应急决策模拟演练设计理论框架与技术要点

突发事件应急决策模拟演练是提升参演主体应急处置能力的重要途径，该类演练的设计开发需要系统性的理论与技术进行规范和引导。从实践归纳的角度，将该类演练的设计划分为演练内容设计和演练形式开发2部分，详尽地分析演练内容设计中的4个核心要素（主题与目标、演练情景、演练任务和目标能力）和演练形式开发中的3项关键技术（控制流程、任务导入与方案输出、信息技术平台）。此外，着重介绍了突发事件应急决策模拟演练设计开发过程中容易混淆的几组概念关系，即“情景构建与应急演练的关系”、“应急预案与应急演练的关系”、“演练内容与演练形式的关系”、“演练中‘演’与‘练’的关系”。     

Participatory development of incentives to coexist with jaguars and pumas

Reducing costs and increasing benefits for rural communities coexisting with large carnivores is necessary for conservation of jaguar (Panthera onca) and puma (Puma concolor). To design acceptable incentives, stakeholders must be involved in the process. We conducted an innovative, structured, group communication process based on a Delphi technique as a template for identifying potential incentives. Community workshops with 133 members of 7 communities and surveys with 25 multidisciplinary experts from government, nongovernmental organizations, and academia provided iterative data to design a plan of incentives through 4 rounds of discussion. The final product integrated 862 ideas into 6 types of incentives: organization of communities, mechanisms for improved dialogue, citizen technical assistance, green labeling for community products, payment for the ecosystem service of biodiversity, and an assessment of financial alternatives. We used quantitative and qualitative techniques to indicate support for decisions about the design of incentives, which reduced researcher subjectivity. The diverse incentives developed and the cooperation from multiple stakeholders resulted in an incentive plan that integrated issues of governance, equity, and social norms.     

The relevance of physical forces on land-use change and planning process

This study analysed the importance of physical forces on land-use change, on the planning framework in a Portuguese periurban area. A temporal matrix showing the trajectories of land transformation was obtained. A multivariate redundancy analysis explored the importance of physical parameters on temporal and spatial land-use change. A content analysis on urban or municipal master plans was made framing the importance of physical parameters on the planning process. The results highlighted a consistent trajectory of profound land-use changes with distinctive trajectories, with increasingly complex patterns with a limited dependence on physical variables. The trajectories were more related to the planning framework, where political actors and planning managers seemed to be most important. A theoretical model balancing three main components – physical forces, actors, and land transformation (DFA-C model) is proposed, reflecting the informal relationships between physical parameters and actors during the planning process.     

Green Lean Six Sigma implementation framework: a case of reducing graphite and dust pollution

ABSTRACT

Modern organisations are in search of initiatives which will enable them to be sustainable as well as gain a competitive advantage. Lean, Six Sigma and Green initiatives are some of the widely used tools which aid the organisation to be sustainable. Recent studies have suggested that the integration of Green and Lean Six Sigma (LSS) will create a powerful methodology and help organisations to be sustainable. Yet, many organisations have found it difficult due to the lack of a generic implementation framework, which can be used for any processes and cultural context. The purpose of this study is to answer the research question: how to implement a sustainable Green LSS initiative in the organisation. Through a critical analysis of previous literature, an implementation framework is developed and practically implemented through a case study to reduce the graphite and dust pollution in a mine in India. Within case analysis, it is conducted to develop propositions, future research directions and managerial implications. This is a first study to develop and practically test a generic implementation Green LSS framework.     

Examining the impacts of disaster resettlement from a livelihood perspective: a case study of Qinling Mountains,China

Disaster resettlement, as a mitigation and preparedness measure, entails significant economic, physical, and social impacts, which continue to challenge understanding of recovery from major events, especially regarding the extent of the context and environmental efforts to rebuild livelihoods. Based on a case study of Qinling Mountains, China, this research investigates the effects of disaster resettlement from a livelihoods perspective. Methodologically, it proposes a framework that combines the pressure–state–response framework and the sustainable livelihoods approach, and it employs a structural equation model to examine how specific factors affect disaster resettlement. The results indicate that conflicts may occur during and after resettlement owing to the difference or disparity between the concerns of resettled peasants and those of the government. Consequently, the risks related to livelihoods need to be taken seriously. Effective risk communication is critical to bridge the gap between different stakeholders. The paper concludes with some practical and policy recommendations.     

天津环保产业行动纲要

本文从天不保产业的实际情况出发,提出了天津环保产业发展的总体目标,总城市污水处理设备等五个重点发展方向和建立完善天津环保产业组织机构等六点行动纲要。     

LF钢包精炼炉烟气参数的理论分析与计算

用钢包精炼炉(LF)炉气量、炉盖烟气量、炉盖烟气温度等参数结合冶炼工艺及炉盖结构进行理论分析,总结出确定以上参数的计算公式,以此可指导LF的工艺设计、炉盖结构设计以及除尘系统的设计与实践。     

生物脱臭的机理研究进展及操作参数控制

生物脱臭物质已成为当今恶臭处理研究的主流,文章对近些年来关于生物脱臭理论模型的最新研究进行了综述。主要模型包括吸收-生物膜理论,吸附-生物膜理论,生物膜随片理论。由于操作参数对生物滤床的良好运行起着关键作用,同时介绍了填料、进气流量、进气浓度、湿度等操作参数对生物脱臭的影响。