Applications of thermal hazard analyses on process safety assessments

In 2011, a large petrochemical complex in Taiwan incurred several fire and explosion accidents, which had considerable negative impact for the industry on both environmental and safety issues. Reactive substances are widely used in many chemical industrial fields as an initiator, hardeners, or cross-linking agents of radical polymerization process with unsaturated monomer. However, the unpredictable factors during the process having risk to runaway reaction, thermal explosion, fire, and exposure to harmful toxic chemicals release due to the huge heat and gas products by thermal decomposition could not be removed from the process. This study used differential technology of thermal analysis to characterize the inherent hazard behaviors of azo compounds and organic peroxides in the process, to seek the elimination of the source of the harmful effects and achieve the best process safety practices with zero disaster and sound business continuity plan.     

火电烟气脱硫效率低的常见原因分析及对策

随着最严环保标准的出台及监管力度加大，对脱硫等环保设施的可靠性提出了更高要求。针对当前脱硫系统关键指标-脱硫效率，系统剖析了脱硫输入、运行参数、关键设备及仪表等诸方面影响脱硫效率的常见原因，并提出了相应的对策。     

Thermal Physiology,Disease, and Amphibian Declines on the Eastern Slopes of the Andes

Rising temperatures, a widespread consequence of climate change, have been implicated in enigmatic amphibian declines from habitats with little apparent human impact. The pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), now widespread in Neotropical mountains, may act in synergy with climate change causing collapse in thermally stressed hosts. We measured the thermal tolerance of frogs along a wide elevational gradient in the Tropical Andes, where frog populations have collapsed. We used the difference between critical thermal maximum and the temperature a frog experiences in nature as a measure of tolerance to high temperatures. Temperature tolerance increased as elevation increased, suggesting that frogs at higher elevations may be less sensitive to rising temperatures. We tested the alternative pathogen optimal growth hypothesis that prevalence of the pathogen should decrease as temperatures fall outside the optimal range of pathogen growth. Our infection‐prevalence data supported the pathogen optimal growth hypothesis because we found that prevalence of Bd increased when host temperatures matched its optimal growth range. These findings suggest that rising temperatures may not be the driver of amphibian declines in the eastern slopes of the Andes. Zoonotic outbreaks of Bd are the most parsimonious hypothesis to explain the collapse of montane amphibian faunas; but our results also reveal that lowland tropical amphibians, despite being shielded from Bd by higher temperatures, are vulnerable to climate‐warming stress. Fisiología Termal, Enfermedades y Disminuciones de Anfibios en las Laderas Orientales de los Andes     

垃圾填埋场的灾害隐患及其对策

卫生填埋法作为一种垃圾处置方式已被国内外广泛使用.本文分析了垃圾填埋场的潜在危害与安全隐患,并结合我国国情提出了相应的对策与建议.     

Effects of nuclear chimney on climate

In this paper, according to the data from several single nuclear explosion experiments of an equivalent to magnitude of million tons, and combined with meteorological data, their effects on the regional climate nave been analysed.     

括苍山中生代火山岩的构造环境及地壳热状态

从晚侏罗世(或早白垩世)到晚白垩世,由于太平洋板块向亚洲大陆的俯冲而对亚洲大陆东部火山活动的影响越来越弱,其大地构造环境相应地从活动大陆边缘(Ⅰ、Ⅱ旋回火山活动)而转变为类裂谷大陆边缘(Ⅲ、Ⅳ旋回火山活动),后者可能是正在演化着的中国东部新生代大陆裂谷在中生代时期的雏形。 研究表明,从早到晚,火山岩岩石的碱度,K_2O/Na_2O比值越来越大,岩浆来源越来越深。火山活动的这种规律性变化与由早期挤压为主转变为晚期拉张为主的区域应力状态变化有关,而区域应力状态变化则又是太平洋板块消减带向东迁移,本区应力松驰和地幔均衡上隆的结果。     

加油站火灾、爆炸危险性及预防对策

对所搜集的加油站近年来发生的27起事故按照事故形态和事故原因进行了分析,并从法规标准、安全管理和安全技术3个方面,提出了预防加油站火灾、爆炸事故的对策.     

基于道化学公司安全评价标准的计算机辅助方法

传统的安全评价手段已经不能满足对石油化工行业安全进行科学的综合评估的要求，本文在分析美国道化学公司火灾爆炸指数评价体系的基础上，把数据库与计算机技术应用于其中，提出了基于道安全评价标准的计算机辅助方法，为石化行业的安全评估提供了一种有效的工具。     

The effect of thermal instability of intact human chorionic gonadotropin (ihcg) on the application of its free β-subunit (free βhcg) as a serum marker in down syndrome screening

The kinetics of free βhCG concentrations were measured in 30 maternal whole blood samples from second-trimester pregnancies during 72 h incubation at 3, 20, and 30°C. Dissociation of intact hCG (ihCG) was undetectable at 3°C and produced a more than 20 per cent increase of free βhCG at 20°C and a more than 100 per cent increase at 30°C. hCG dissociation at 30°C was not reduced by a protease inhibitor (sodium iodoacetate) and also occurred in purified hCG dissolved in a protease-free incubation medium. These results were reproduced under conditions of sample transport by post at different environmental temperatures. In conclusion, reliable free βhCG assessment requires that the specimen be kept cool from vene puncture until assay or completely other transport strategies have to be considered. Evaluation of free βhCG as an effective marker in prenatal Down syndrome screening must be reconsidered from this aspect.