我国利用水生植物监测和净化污水的研究进展

本文综述了我国利用水生植物监测和净化重金属废水、化工废水、生活污水、放射性核素废水以及抑制富营养化水体中藻类研究进展。并讨论了各种生态因子对水生植物净化效率的影响。为建立低投资、高效率、易管理的植物净化处理设施提供参考。     

厦门市大气可吸入颗粒物源解析的研究

采用2004～2005年对厦门大气中PM10开展的3期采样分析数据,利用主因子分析法定性分析厦门大气中可吸入颗粒物的主要来源,并结合多元线性回归法,求出定量的结果。分析结果表明,影响厦门市可吸入颗粒物的主要来源有四种:工业燃煤、汽车尾气、土壤风沙尘和海盐粒子,其中二次粒子为主要污染源,贡献率为30.0%,其次为汽车尾气占29.4%,土壤风沙和建筑尘的贡献约占21.7%,海洋粒子的贡献为6.5%,不可识别源18.1%。     

Revisit ocean thermal energy conversion system

The earth, covered more than70.8% by the ocean, receives most of itsenergy from the sun. Solar energy istransmitted through the atmosphere andefficiently collected and stored in thesurface layer of the ocean, largely in thetropical zone. Some of the energy isre-emitted to the atmosphere to drive thehydrologic cycle and wind. The wind fieldreturns some of the energy to the ocean inthe form of waves and currents. Themajority of the absorbed solar energy isstored in vertical thermal gradients nearthe surface layer of the ocean, most ofwhich is in the tropical region. Thisthermal energy replenished each day by thesun in the tropical ocean represents atremendous pollution-free energy resourcefor human civilization. Ocean ThermalEnergy Conversion (OTEC) technology refersto a mechanical system that utilizes thenatural temperature gradient that exists inthe tropical ocean between the warm surfacewater and the deep cold water, to generateelectricity and produce other economicallyvaluable by-products. The science andengineering behind OTEC have been studiedin the US since the mid-seventies,supported early by the U.S. Government andlater by State and private industries.There are two general types of OTECdesigns: closed-cycle plants utilize theevaporation of a working fluid, such asammonia or propylene, to drive theturbine-generator, and open-cycle plantsuse steam from evaporated sea water to runthe turbine. Another commonly known design,hybrid plants, is a combination of the two.OTEC requires relatively low operation andmaintenance costs and no fossil fuelconsumption.OTEC system possesses a formidablepotential capacity for renewable energy andoffers a significant elimination ofgreenhouse gases in producing power. Inaddition to electricity and drinking water,an OTEC system can produce many valuableby-products and side-utilizations, such as:hydrogen, air-conditioning, ice,aquaculture, and agriculture, etc. Thepotential of these by-products, especiallydrinking water, aquaculture andmariculture, can easily translate intobillions of dollars in businessopportunities. The current status of theOTEC system definitely deserves to becarefully revisited. This paper willexamine recent major advancements intechnology, evaluate costs andeffectiveness, and assess the overallmarket environment of the OTEC system anddescribe its great renewable energypotential and overall benefits to thenations of the world.     

因子分析法用于近岸海域大气污染来源的判别

应用因子分析法，设计一个分析近岸海域大气污染来源的综合指标，根据综合指标的大小，可以判别主要污染来源，通过对大连近岸海域大气污染监测数据的因子分析并与其它结果比较表明，该方法具有明显的判别效果。     

西昌邛海水质现状调查分析

四川西昌的邛海水体中浮游植物群体组成以硅藻、绿藻及鼓藻为主，据1986～1991年连续监测结果表明，邛海水质总体处于贫营养状况，仅局部有富营养性藻类出现。     

影响污泥沉降比的因素及对策

对污泥沉降比在实践中的应用作了论述，并对污泥沉降比的影响因素及对策作了分析探讨，可为曝气池的运作管理提供参考。     

氨气敏电极法测定大气中氨

以Ｈ２ＳＯ４（０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）和ＮＨ３（１．００ｍｇ／Ｌ）的混合溶液作吸收液，采用气敏电极测定大气中氨，发挥了离子选择电极所具有的快速、灵敏及测定范围宽等优点，保证了大气中低浓度氨测定的准确性和可靠性。实验表明，该方法检测限为０．０１４～０．０１８ｍｇ／ｍ＾２，精密度约为１４．３％（相对标准偏差），回收率在９７％～１０２％之间，经６个月实验室验证的结果，无论是精密度的变异系数或回收率的置信系数     

机动车排放模式的比较

介绍了当前使用频率比较高的几种用于道路交通和机动车辆排放计算和评估的模式，并对其进行了分类比较。     

西安城市交通干道汽车污染物排放因子

在西安城市交通隧道内设３ 个空气监测点，对通过隧道的汽车排气形成的污染物浓度、隧道内风速、过往隧道的交通量进行采样、观测和统计。根据实测数据用大气扩散方程求得西安城市道路汽车平均单车 Ｃ Ｏ、 Ｈ Ｃ 和 Ｎ Ｏｘ 排放因子分别为３３２７９ ±１２１５８ 、３５７７ ±１８１６ 和４６０５ ±１９８１ ｍｇ／ｍ·ｖｅｈ 。与国外的成果相比，中国城市道路汽车 Ｃ Ｏ 和 Ｈ Ｃ 排放因子分别是国外发达国家汽车排放因子的２ ～９ 倍和３ ～９ 倍，而中国城市汽车 Ｎ Ｏｘ 排放因子约为发达国家汽车排放因子的二分之一。     

Model calculating annual mean atmospheric dispersion factor for coastal site of nuclear power plant

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＡｎａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅｄｉｓｐｅｒｓｉｏｎｆｉｅｌｄｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔｗａｓｄｏｎｅｏｎｔｈｅｃｏａｓｔａｌｓｉｔｅｏｆｎｕｃｌｅａｒｐｏｗｅｒｐｌａｎｔ (ＮＰＰ)ｉｎｔｈｅｅａｓｔｐａｒｔｏｆＣｈｉｎａｄｕｒｉｎｇ 1995— 1996 Ｔｈｅｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｏｆｔｈｉｓｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔｉｎｃｌｕｄｅｓ:ｈｏｕｒｌｙｏｂｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｏｆｗｉｎｄａｎｄｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｏｎｔｈｅｔｏｗｅｒｏｆ10 0ｍ ;Ｏｂｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｏｆｓｕｒｆａｃｅｗｉｎｄａｎｄｓｅｅａｎｄｌ…