加强导游员生态环保知识策略研究

本文根据目前我国导游员的实际情况,结合旅游可持续发展的需要,分析了导游员在旅游环境保护中新的角色定位,并就如何提高导游员的生态环保知识提出了合理的建议。     

减少氧化沟弯道沉泥的模拟与研究

针对氧化沟弯道水流流态复杂的特点,分析了弯道横向环流和水流流速在弯道重新分布对污泥沉积的影响,对设置偏置导流墙前后的水流流速分布情况进行模拟比较,探讨了偏置导流墙对减少污泥沉积的机理。     

装备维修质量管理组织结构设计模型

分析了装备维修质量管理组织结构设计的影响因素,并应用模糊数学的方法,综合集成各种信息,建立了结构设计的模型.最后,结合具体案例,阐述了该模型在装备维修质量管理组织结构设计中的应用方法.     

化工企业无组织排放废气的危害与防治

论述了化工企业无组织废气的来源、危害、处理方法和防治措施等。     

污染源自动监测异常数据识别规则及处理方法探索

基于大量污染源自动监测数据的特征分析与异常原因解析,探索建立针对自动监测异常数据的识别规则与标志处理方法,并通过模型训练实现了异常数据的自动标志.经实例验证,该方法可识别异常偏高、异常偏低、异常为0、迟滞不变、逻辑错误等5种类型的异常数据,按照数据有效性及异常原因进行标志处理,可以为后续数据分析及各类模型训练提供数据基...     

省辖市环境监测站人才的培养与发展——以扬州市环境监测中心站为例

省辖市环境监测站是我国环境监测系统的中坚,其人才的培养与发展决定了我国环境监测工作水平和发展高度。以扬州市环境监测中心站为例,分析了省辖市环境监测站人才队伍现状与存在问题,概括了人才队伍以“三个层级、三大类别”为特点,提出了围绕“国家十二五环境监测规划”要求和解决具有区域特色的环境问题作为人才培养和发展的突破口和发展方向,阐述了人才培养和发展的的方法和途径。     

构建科学合理的环境监测培训效果评估体系

以检验和提高环境监测培训活动的质量为目的,利用Kirkpatrick 4层评估模型,提出了构建环境监测培训效果评估体系的思路和方法,对如何明确评估对象、确定评估主体以及设计评估方案等问题进行了探讨。     

以多媒体课件开发促进高职人才培养模式建设

多媒体教学在现代教学中非常普遍,以教师为主导、学生为制作主体,利用Flash、Photoshop、AutoCAD、3Dsmax等软件,按照布置任务、学生分组、制定课件框架、收集资料、筛选资料、课件制作的过程来完成多媒体课件,通过融汇多门课程的教学内容进行多媒体课件开发,既丰富了实践课教学,增强了学生对知识的理解和运用,促进了课程考试改革和课程间的融合,而且成为学生之间的交流平台,对高职人才培养模式的建设起到了积极的促进作用。     

Conspecific threat,predation avoidance,and resource defense: implications for grouping in langurs

Data on langur (Presbytis entellus) populations were gathered from the literature to test the importance of three selective pressures in determining group size and composition: predation pressure, intergroup resource defense, and conspecific threat. There were no detectable difference in the size of groups in populations facing nearly intact predator communities compared to those populations where predators were severely reduced in number or absent, although there was a trend for the number of adult males per group to increase in areas with nearly intact predator communities. Using population density as an indirect measure of the frequency of intrusions into a group’s home range and thereby as an index of the demographic pressure favoring resource defense, we predicted that higher densities would result in larger defensive coalitions and higher numbers of females per group. This prediction was not upheld. Our third selective pressure, conspecific threat, encompasses those selective forces resulting from physical attack on females, infants, and juveniles. Our index of conspecific threat uses the number of non-group males divided by the number of bisexual groups, because in langurs, the major source of conspecific threat derives from non-group males who, following group take-over, kill infants, wound females, and expel juveniles from groups. This index of conspecific threat was strongly related to the mean number of resident females, was weakly related to the mean group size, but was not related to the number of males in the group. In addition, as predicted, populations with a high index of conspecific threat had higher levels of juvenile expulsion. These analyses were corroborated by a simulation model which used a computer-generated series of null populations to calculate expected slopes of immatures regressed on adult females. These randomly generated populations, matched to means and ranges of real populations, allowed us to determine if deviations of the observed slopes from the expected null slopes could be explained by variation in predation pressure, population density, or conspecific threat. We found no evidence that predation pressure was associated with decreases in immature survival in smaller groups, as would be predicted by the predation-avoidance hypothesis. We found no evidence that immature survival was compromised by small group size in high-density populations, as would be predicted by the resource-defense hypothesis. However, as the index of conspecific threat increased, groups with larger numbers of females were more successful than groups with fewer females in reducing mortality or expulsion of immatures. Overall, conspecific threat received the strongest support as a selective pressure influencing langur group size and composition, suggesting that this selective pressure should be evaluated more widely as a factor influencing composition of animal groups. Received: 23 January 1995/Accepted after revision: 18 February 1996     

MARPOL 73/78现况及实施问题

综述了近 3年来MARPOL 73/ 78的一系列的修正情况及有关实施问题