山谷型垃圾填埋场渗沥液水量计算方法比较研究

山谷型垃圾填埋场渗沥液水量是工程设计中的一个重要基础参数，主要由场内降雨转化为场外地下径流组成。对于场外地下径流，目前国内外尚无成熟的计算方法。作者针对几种常用的水量平衡法，通过实验，验证了每种方法的精度。结果表明，考虑了树冠戴流、表层土调蓄作用等因素的模型具有相当的精度，可以作为场外地下径流的计算模型。     

漏电开关质量可靠性评价指标及模型的探讨——兼论民用建筑安全供用电网络的可靠构筑

结合对电气可靠性技术的宏观分析态势及安全减灾[9][10]的迫切要求,研究了实用的漏电开关质量可靠性评价指标及分析模型;针对漏电开关的故障,提出了构筑现代民用建筑(多指住宅)供用电安全网络的实施要点及有关标准化措施。     

Assessment of carbon leakage in multiple carbon-sink projects: a case study in Jambi Province,Indonesia

Rehabilitation of degraded forest land through implementation of carbon-sink projects can increase terrestrial carbon (C) stock. However, carbon emissions outside the project boundary, which is commonly referred to as leakage, may reduce or negate the sequestration benefits. This study assessed leakage from carbon-sink projects that could potentially be implemented in the study area comprised of 11 sub-districts in the Batanghari District, Jambi Province, Sumatra, Indonesia. The study estimates the probability of a given land use/cover being converted into other uses/cover, by applying a logit model. The predictor variables were: proximity to the center of the land use area, distance to transportation channel (road or river), area of agricultural land, unemployment (number of job seekers), job opportunities, population density and income. Leakage was estimated by analyzing with and without carbon-sink projects scenarios. Most of the predictors were estimated as being significant in their contribution to land use cover change. The results of the analysis show that leakage in the study area can be large enough to more than offset the project’s carbon sequestration benefits during the period 2002–2012. However, leakage results are very sensitive to changes of carbon density of the land uses in the study area. By reducing C-density of lowland and hill forest by about 10% for the baseline scenario, the leakage becomes positive. Further data collection and refinement is therefore required. Nevertheless, this study has demonstrated that regional analysis is a useful approach to assess leakage.     

Short communications normal fetal growth despite persistent amniotic fluid leakage after genetic amniocentesis

Two women not only lost relatively large amounts of amniotic fluid immediately following genetic amniocentesis, but continued to lose fluid for the remainder of their pregnancies. Periodic ultrasonographic assessment confirmed normal fetal growth and presence of some amniotic fluid. Both women were delivered at term of normal offspring who showed no evidence of fetal deformations. Although amnionitis is a risk, cautious surveillance may permit continuation of pregnancies complicated by copious or persistent amniotic fluid leakage following genetic amniocentesis.     

固体废弃物渗滤液组分动态变化预测

渗滤液(Leachate)是城市固体废物填埋场(MSWLF)污染环境的主要来源之一，因此掌握其水质变化规律是研究填埋场对环境污染的首要问题。渗滤液的主要来源是大气降水，使用垃圾淋滤的方法模拟大气降水，利用实验结果建立模拟模型，揭示了渗滤液组分随降水的变化规律。可以预测垃圾填埋后渗滤液污染组分的浓度变化。为研究填埋场渗滤液组分变化及确定其处理对策提供了理论依据。     

甲基异柳磷对大鼠游离肝细胞结构与功能影响及其在肝细胞中的代谢动力学研究

研究结果表明,甲基异柳磷(MeISP)在1.5mmol/L终浓度时对肝细胞有明显毒性,表现为膜通透性增高,细胞内丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、β-葡糖苷酸酶和酸性磷酸酶(AcP)漏出率增高,且ALT和LDH漏出率同MeISP间呈良好的剂量-效应关系;迅速耗损细胞内GSH;同MeISP共同温育30min的肝细胞膜发生明显的囊泡化;几乎完全抑制肝细胞蛋白质合成和糖异生功能.在15μmol/L终浓度下,在肝细胞内代谢迅速,符合代谢动力学一室模型(one—compartment model).     

甲基异柳磷对大鼠游离肝细胞结构与功能影响及其在肝细胞中的代谢动力学研究

研究结果表明,甲基异柳磷(MeISP)在1.5mmol/L终浓度时对肝细胞有明显毒性,表现为膜通透性增高,细胞内丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、β-葡糖苷酸酶和酸性磷酸酶(AcP)漏出率增高,且ALT和LDH漏出率同MeISP间呈良好的剂量-效应关系;迅速耗损细胞内GSH;同MeISP共同温育30min的肝细胞膜发生明显的囊泡化;几乎完全抑制肝细胞蛋白质合成和糖异生功能.在15μmol/L终浓度下,在肝细胞内代谢迅速,符合代谢动力学一室模型(one—compartment model).     

室内废气污染的计算与分析

通过对吸油烟机抽吸风场有效强度矢量图的测量 ,给出了吸油烟机质量技术检验方法和油烟废气、燃气废气污染泄漏量的计算方法 ;对油烟、燃气废气在厨房的扩散与循环作了详细分析 ,并对国标提出几点建议。     

双衬层填埋场渗漏检测电极铺设方式研究

利用高压直流电法对双衬层填埋场渗漏检测进行了研究.结果表明检测电极的铺设方式以及供电电极和参比电极的位置对漏洞定位有一定影响.在回路电流、检测电极间距、定位算法、介质分布相同的条件下,三角形的检测电极铺设方式比四边形的漏洞定位误差小,且不同点的误差波动小.当参比电极距离漏洞较近时,漏洞定位误差较大;而参比电极与漏洞的距离越大,漏洞定位误差则越小.同时,检测层的电势分布主要是由供电电极和漏洞造成,因此,参比电极的位置既要远离漏洞又要远离供电电极.     

人工合成衬层渗漏检测高压直流电法漏洞电流模型

建立了填埋场渗漏检测高压直流电法漏洞电流模型．将单衬层填埋场看作水平方向为无穷大的3层均匀介质，上层为垃圾层，中间层为人工合成衬层，下层为土壤层．漏洞电流对周围空间电势分布的影响被等效为位于电流流人端的负电流源和位于电流流出端的正电流源对周围空间电势分布的影响膜上漏洞检测通过偶极子法试验、膜下漏洞检测通过电极栅格法试验，结果表明用所建模型计算的理论值与实测值吻合较好．