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631.
632.
刘铁民 《中国安全生产科学技术》2013,(12):5-15
针对近期我国重特大生产安全事故频发、安全生产形势严峻的实际情况,分析了事故多发的特点和原因,认为我国安全生产工作中存在系统脆弱性,其中最突出的问题是基础薄弱,本质上是结构性缺陷。提出当前最紧迫的战略性任务是强化安全生产基础工作的制度化设计与安排。建议:逐渐实现安全生产执法监察“暗查”制度化;事故分级与分级标准中经济损失指标的导向性作用不容忽视;应从制度上保证事故调查客观、独立和公正;建立现代生产安全事故统计系统与指标体系;从制度上加强对企业安全生产的职工参与和社会监督;强化监察员队伍的专业化建设;安全监督应实行安全生产事故风险分级与分级管理。 相似文献
633.
为弥补工贸企业安全生产标准化以单一总分值衡量企业安全状况存在的不足,构建以集对分析理论(SPA)为基础的联系度函数模型,分析企业考评结果的联系度、集对势、差异度。然后提出将考评结果划分为文件资料、设备设施、安全管理3个模块,细分为15个要素,以帮助企业直观认识其优势与不足。研究结果表明:实验企业通过联系度函数模型的分析结果进一步认识自身安全水平,进而通过对考评结果的深层次分析,直观地找出关键安全防范点,确定下一步安全工作的重点。 相似文献
634.
The aim of this paper is to presents a progress report on how a subnational jurisdiction, the Australian state of Victoria, is attempting to implement regional governance for sustainability through its catchment planning framework. The paper examines the lessons learnt from a best practice approach to the implementation of network governance to see whether there are actions that can be taken to improve regional governance for sustainability in Victoria. The authors argue that Victoria is implementing a network governance approach to natural resource management (NRM) as a significant component of sustainability and that this has certain advantages. In particular the emergence of Regional Catchment Strategies developed by the State's ten statutory Catchment Management Authorities as 'regional sustainability blueprints' is bringing a significant level of maturity to the state's governance framework. Furthermore the state is currently working to complete its governance for sustainability through new statewide integrating frameworks—an Environmental Sustainability Framework as well as a statewide Catchment Management and Investment Framework. The paper concludes that taking a network governance approach could have transformative potential but there are significant challenges ahead: the complex task of aligning of national, state, catchment and local government strategies through an outcomes focus; the scarcity of mechanisms and tools to assist in translation of strategies into integrated investment priorities; gaps in knowledge and understanding of natural resource management problems; limitations in the capacity of regional and local bodies, including local government; and getting the policy tools right within the framework. However, as the best practice examples illustrate, taking a gradual approach to the development of the institutions—building on successive wins in capacity—is the best and only way to proceed. 相似文献
635.
It is also in our nature: Genetic influences on work characteristics and in explaining their relationships with well‐being
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Work design research typically views employee work characteristics as being primarily determined by the work environment and has thus paid less attention to the possibility that the person may also influence employee work characteristics and in turn accounts for the work characteristics–well‐being relationships through selection. Challenging this conventional view, we investigated the role of a fundamental individual difference variable—people's genetic makeup—in affecting work characteristics (i.e., job demands, job control, social support at work, and job complexity) and in explaining why work characteristics relate to subjective and physical well‐being. Our findings based on a national US twin sample show sizable genetic influences on job demands, job control, and job complexity, but not on social support at work. Such genetic influences were partly attributed to genetic factors associated with core self‐evaluations. Both genetic and environmental influences accounted for the relationships between work characteristics and well‐being, but to varying degrees. The results underscore the importance of the person, in addition to the work environment, in influencing employee work characteristics and explaining the underlying nature of the relationships between employee work characteristics and their well‐being. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
636.
总结了油库设备焊割动火作业中油蒸气的清除、隔离方法及其组织实施要点,有利于油库整修改造过程中焊割动火作业的安全管理。 相似文献
637.
为分析驾驶人高速公路施工区合流选择意愿的影响因素,基于非集计理论构建多属性施工区驾驶人合流选择意愿模型。利用SP调查法自主设计调查问卷,获得328份有效施工区驾驶人合流选择数据;利用Pearson相关系数分析施工区合流选择意愿与驾驶人因素和道路交通环境因素的相关性;以上游过渡区、警告区Ⅰ和警告区Ⅱ 3个合流区域作为选择肢,从驾驶人和道路交通环境特征属性2个方面归纳出6个因素对施工区合流选择意愿的影响,应用分类变量处理方法将其定义为6种指标,并进行赋值。结合非集计理论,以328份有效问卷为建模数据,建立施工区合流选择意愿的MNL模型,并利用似然比、优度比和模型命中率3个指标判断模型的拟合程度。结果表明:模型拟合程度较好;驾龄、施工区类型、道路条件、交通控制标志、速度条件和限速策略对驾驶人施工区合流选择意愿有显著影响。 相似文献
638.
对环保技术工作的机理进行了研究,提出了适应全面深化改革要求的环保技术工作思路,以及国家治污先导技术研发储备制度的构想。 相似文献
639.
输油管道动火的安全管理 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
针对东北管网30年来动火施工安全管理方面的经验,总结近年来在动火安全管理上采用的新的管理模式所取得的成效,提出石油管道企业风险程度最高的输油管道动火施工安全管理动火准备、动火施工投产的责任界面划分、动火施工投产组织机构的建立、施工现场的安全管理等一整套科学动火方法和理念。通过对输油管道动火施工这一高风险作业管理实现了低风险操作,实现了本质安全。 相似文献
640.