High NO2/NOx emissions downstream of the catalytic diesel particulate filter: An influencing factor study

Diesel vehicles are responsible for most of the traffic-related nitrogen oxide (NO_x) emissions, including nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂). The use of after-treatment devices increases the risk of high NO₂/NO_x emissions from diesel engines. In order to investigate the factors influencing NO₂/NO_x emissions, an emission experiment was carried out on a high pressure common-rail, turbocharged diesel engine with a catalytic diesel particulate filter (CDPF). NO₂ was measured by a non-dispersive ultraviolet analyzer with raw exhaust sampling. The experimental results show that the NO₂/NO_x ratios downstream of the CDPF range around 20%–83%, which are significantly higher than those upstream of the CDPF. The exhaust temperature is a decisive factor influencing the NO₂/NO_x emissions. The maximum NO₂/NO_x emission appears at the exhaust temperature of 350°C. The space velocity, engine-out PM/NO_x ratio (mass based) and CO conversion ratio are secondary factors. At a constant exhaust temperature, the NO₂/NO_x emissions decreased with increasing space velocity and engine-out PM/NO_x ratio. When the CO conversion ratios range from 80% to 90%, the NO₂/NO_x emissions remain at a high level.     

生物滤塔处理VOCs的挂膜启动方法研究

通过中试规模的生物滤塔的两种填料挂膜方法的试验研究 ,表明填料接种后可以直接装入生物滤塔 ,进行直接通气挂膜 ,该方法符合生物膜在载体表面的固定机理和形成过程 ,可在较短的时间内完成系统启动。本文同时论述了影响挂膜的几个因素     

厌氧生物滤池-好氧生物炭滤池联合处理生活污水

在春季低温条件下,利用厌氧生物滤池、好氧生物炭滤池处理生活污水,比较两者的性能,探讨低成本处理生活污水的方法.结果表明,厌氧生物滤池停留时间为14h,COD的去除率可达83%;在滤速为0.4-1.2m·h-1范围内,好氧生物炭滤池的TOC去除率高于厌氧生物滤池, TN去除率低于厌氧生物滤池.     

利用自动采样滤膜监测PM_(2.5)中铅和镉的可行性

根据PM2.5中重金属监测国标分析方法,从PM2.5采样方法、采样保存条件、滤膜材质性能等方面说明利用空气自动采样滤膜监测PM2.5中铅和镉是可行的;对手工采样(石英滤膜)和Beta射线法自动采样(自动采样滤膜)2种方法,对PM2.5实际样品中铅和镉的结果进行比较,结果显示:自动采样滤膜的空白检出和检出限均满足铅和镉的监测需求,铅和镉的回收率分别为95.2%~107%和91.8%~105%,与手工采样方法相比测得铅和镉的相对误差分别为3.6%~8.4%和1.3%~10.8%,从实践角度进一步证明了利用自动采样滤膜对PM2.5中铅和镉进行监测是可行的。     

溅水充氧生物滤池处理农村污水的研究

开发了一种处理农村污水的低能耗地埋式一体化溅水充氧生物滤池装置,通过拔风和溅水复合充氧技术实现了大幅度节能条件下的好氧生物处理.考察了在不同水力负荷及COD、NH4 -N容积负荷条件下本装置的处理效果,结果表明,在水力负荷小于10 m3/(m2·d)、COD及NH4 -N容积负荷分别小于0.3 kg COD/(m3·d)和0.08 kg NH4 -N/(m3·d)的条件下,可以取得较高的去除效果和良好的出水水质,COD、NH4 -N和TN的平均出水浓度分别为58.94 mg/L、2.78 mg/L和8.23 mg/L,平均去除率分别为51.7%、86.4%和70.6%.     

含TMT的高分子整体多孔滤板去除水中铅的研究

制备含有2,4,6-三硫代三聚氰酸钠(TMT)的多孔高分子滤板,测定了该滤板对水溶液中Pb2+的吸附性能。讨论了溶液温度、pH值和流速对吸附性能的影响。结果表明:它对Pb2+具有较高的吸附容量和较快的吸附速度。铅离子的去除率超过90%,高分子滤板经再生实验后可循环使用。     

PPS滤料机械性能测试研究

袋式除尘行业里,所用滤料本身的性质有重要的意义,而衡量滤料性质的指标中最重要的一点就是其机械性能的稳定性。在产品大批量投产与使用之前,都要对这项指标进行测定。文章以PPS滤料为例,研究了在测定滤料机械性能时,样品选取尺寸的大小对其断裂强力和断裂伸长率两项机械性能测试数值的影响。     

PCDDs, PCDFs emission control by dry scrubbing system

Presently, in Japan there are no limitations on the emission of PCDDs or PCDFs, but in order to study the feasibility of dry type air pollution control, a pilot plant was constructed in 1988 and the removal efficiencies for PCDDs, acid gas and heavy metals were measured.At the same time PCDDs concentration was compared with that of a previously installed electrostatic precipitator (ESP) plus wet scrubber line.In this paper, the following two items are reported.

1. (1) The difference in the amounts of PCDDs and PCDFs produced due to differences in gas temperature and retention time in ESP and fabric filter (FF).

2. (2) Removal efficiencies of PCDDs and PCDFs of fabric filter.

PCDDs concentration, generally 100–200 ng/Nm³ at the boiler outlet (ESP inlet and/or Quench Reactor (QR) inlet), increased several times at the ESP outlet, but it showed almost no increase at the QR outlet due to a sudden temperature drop. The temperature was 280–310°C, and the gas retention time was 12 sec. during passage through ESP so that it is thought that PCDD was formed under these conditions.On the other hand, a removal efficiency of approx. 90% was obtained with the fabric filter, and the PCDD at the bag outlet was at a sufficiently low level.     

基于改进粒子滤波算法的水下地形辅助导航方法

目的 解决当前的粒子滤波算法用于水下航行器(AUV)基于极地区域的低分辨率海图时导航精度较低的问题。方法 提出了一种带有自抖动及修正的粒子滤波方法(SJCPF),在状态转移过程中引入粒子抖动,每次粒子位置更新时,引入额外的过程噪声,使得传统算法中过度集中的粒子适当向周围发散,改善算法本身及海图分辨率低带来的粒子多样性匮乏。在重采样步骤中,引入相关系数用于修正权值,进一步增加粒子多样性及算法的鲁棒性。结果 对传统PF及SJCPF进行仿真,相较于传统PF算法,SJCPF的导航均方根误差降低了27.7%,导航精度及鲁棒性都有显著的提升。结论 SJCPF的导航性能优于传统PF,选用皮尔逊相关系数,并在适当范围内选择较大的粒子数量和较高的测量频率,可以兼顾AUV的续航与导航精度。     

覆膜滤料过滤性能的试验研究

对覆膜滤料与普通（渗膜）滤料的过滤性能进行了试验研究,结果显示：与普通滤料相比,覆膜滤料具有过滤效率高、运行阻力低、使用寿命长等特点。覆膜滤料的过滤性能更佳,更能满足烟尘过滤的要求。