河道最小环境需水量确定方法及其应用研究(Ⅰ)--理论

从水污染问题出发,探讨河道环境需水的内涵,指出河道最小环境需水量是指维系河流的最基本环境功能不受破坏,所必须在河道中常年流动着的最小水量的阈值,在此概念的基础上,提出了一种适用于污染比较严重河流的河道最小环境需水量的确定方法－－段首控制方法,该方法为河流生态系统的环境需水量研究提供了一种思路和可借鉴的方法。     

基于AlphaPose与REBA的手工搬运作业姿势风险评估方法

为有效预防职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs),提出基于计算机视觉技术与快速全身评估(REBA)结合的作业姿势评估方法,以手工搬运作业为例,通过人体姿态识别AlphaPose模型检测作业姿势,利用提取的各关节点空间位置信息计算身体各部位关节角度;利用SG滤波法处理身体遮挡、光线等对数据的影响,有效保留数据变化信息的同时消除数据突变;根据身体关节角度范围与危害程度对应关系自动评判作业姿势的风险大小。研究结果表明：作业姿势评估方法可通过采集的视频数据自动评估搬运作业的姿势危险性,降低WMSDs风险,通过分析不同下蹲取物姿势风险,可论证作业姿势评估方法的可行性,为及时改善搬运作业中的不安全动作提供参考。     

我国安全生产发展趋势的计量分析

在分析我国1990—2005年安全生产指标变动规律的基础上,建立了安全生产指标的长期趋势模型,并对安全生产指标进行了预测。同时,分别以人均GDP指标为解释变量、安全生产指标为被解释变量建立了计量关系模型,以此反映我国安全生产随经济发展的变动规律。研究表明,从业人员10万人死亡率呈波动上升趋势,与人均GDP指标存在显著二次关系;亿元GDP死亡率指标呈现持续下降趋势。这表明在我国经济总量快速增长的过程中安全负担水平得到了较好控制。     

电气安全评价探讨

电气安全是生产安全的重要组成部分,也是工程建设项目“三同时”安全验收评价的尊差内容。作者根据多年从事电气安全评价的实践,从电气安全评价的前期准备、现场检查、评价分析和应予关注的问题等诸多方面进行了阐述,是对电气安全评价实际工作的经验总结。     

新形势下的教师工资激励机制探讨

教育在社会发展中起能动作用,教师的工资结构应符合社会主义市场经济规律和教师工作特点,实行按劳分配原则,除标准工资外,还要建立等级津贴和特殊工资,从而保证教育人才的稳定和提高,提高教育的国际竞争力。     

Impacts of disturbance from construction work on the densities and feeding behavior of waterbirds using the intertidal mudflats of Cardiff Bay,UK

The impact of disturbance from construction work around Cardiff Bay, south Wales, on the densities and feeding behavior of seven waterbird species was studied over an 11-year period. Construction of a barrage across the mouth of the bay has subsequently resulted in its impoundment; other major works included the construction of a bridge carrying a divided highway. Construction work disturbance significantly reduced the densities of five species—green-winged teal (Anas crecca), Eurasian oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus), dunlin (Calidris alpina), Eurasian curlew (Numenius arquata), and common redshank (Tringa totanus)—on adjacent intertidal mudflats, and thus the overall carrying capacity of the bay. Construction work also reduced the feeding activity of Eurasian oystercatcher, dunlin, and common redshank on these mudflats. The possible impact of the loss of birds from these mudflats upon the populations that the bay supported is discussed. Evidence from other local studies suggests that the displacement of common redshank from these mudflats did not contribute to a decline in this species.     

浅谈建设项目环境影响后评价

简述了建设项目环境影响后评价的定义、工作程序、工作内容、必要性以及国内外开展建设项目环境影响后评价的情况。指出了目前中国建设项目环境影响后评价存在的问题,指出,应加快建立和逐步完善环境影响后评价工作的政策、法规体系,规范环境影响后评价的工作方法体系。进一步明确环境影响后评价的地位,由权威部门制定技术导则和实施管理办法,尤其要明确实施主体、适用对象和实施程序,指导各级环境保护管理部门组织实施环境影响后评价工作。     

Polish adaptation of three self-report measures of job stressors: the Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale,the Quantitative Workload Inventory and the Organizational Constraints Scale

Aim. The objective of the present study was to test the psychometric properties, reliability and validity of three job stressor measures, namely, the Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale, the Organizational Constraints Scale and the Quantitative Workload Inventory. Method. The study was conducted on two samples (N?=?382 and 3368) representing a wide range of occupations. The estimation of internal consistency with Cronbach's α and the test–retest method as well as both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were the main statistical methods. Results. The internal consistency of the scales proved satisfactory, ranging from 0.80 to 0.90 for Cronbach's α test and from 0.72 to 0.86 for the test–retest method. The one-dimensional structure of the three measurements was confirmed. The three scales have acceptable fit to the data. The one-factor structures and other psychometric properties of the Polish version of the scales seem to be similar to those found in the US version of the scales. It was also proved that the three job stressors are positively related to all the job strain measures. Conclusions. The Polish versions of the three analysed scales can be used to measure the job stressors in Polish conditions.     

论高校职工思想政治工作的策略

职工思想政治工作既是一门科学,又是一项社会实践活动,面对新形势下社会生活及职工思想所发生的变化,工会思想政治工作需与之适应,既要继承和发扬优良传统,更要大胆探索新的途径,真正体现工会思想政治工作的预见性、主动性、针对性、实效性,为社会主义现代化建设服务。     

生产安全预警预报指标体系研究

分析生产安全预控指标体系建立的必要性,指出当前生产安全预控研究现状及存在的问题;提出建立生产安全预控指标的改进模式;基于生产安全预控研究现状,建立企业层面的生产安全预警指标体系和政府部门宏观决策层的生产安全预报指标体系;对现有的预警预报程序进行改进,设计从企业层面到国家层面的生产安全预警预报和控制程序,为生产安全指数的计算提供了依据。政府部门可通过自下(企业)而上(地区或国家)的程序依次计算安全指数,再由上而下查找问题,从而给出控制目标和措施。