镧铝改性凹凸棒粘土对富营养化湖泊有机磷控制效果

通过吸附与原位模拟实验,研究了镧铝改性凹凸棒粘土（La/Al@ACP）对水体有机磷的吸附性能及其覆盖对沉积物磷释放的影响,并通过沉积物磷分级、DGT技术、扫描电镜能谱技术探讨材料覆盖对沉积物磷形态影响机制.结果显示,La/Al@ACP添加后,上覆水及底泥间隙水中磷含量显著下降,并伴随沉积物有效磷通量的减少.有机磷形态分析表明,添加La/Al@ACP后活性态的Lab-P_o不断向稳定态的Hum-P_o转化,有效控制了底泥磷向上覆水释放的风险.La/Al@ACP作为一种控制湖泊富营养化的有效材料,可用于底泥内源磷的固定与控制.     

微电解-水解酸化/接触氧化工艺处理染化废水的研究

采用微电 解 Ｈ／ Ｏ 工艺对染 料化 工 废水 进行 了 处理 研究 ，结 果表 明 以微 电解 和 水解 酸 化作预处理 ，可使废 水的 Ｂ Ｏ Ｄ５／ Ｃ Ｏ Ｄ Ｃｒ 的比由 ０２５ 提高 到０５ ０ 左 右，平 均 增加 ５０ ％ 。通 过加 酸， 可提高微电 解的去除 效果，在 进水 Ｃ Ｏ Ｄ Ｃｒ 为４ １００ ～４ ３００ ｍ ｇ／ Ｌ，色度 为３ ４００ ～３ ６００（ 倍） 范围内 ，系统对 Ｃ Ｏ Ｄ Ｃｒ 和色度 的去除效 果分别 可达到９７ ５ ％ 和９８３ ％     

改进型EGSB处理配置污水的小试研究

通过对不同上升流速下改进型EGSB和EGSB处理人工配置城市污水效果的比较研究,提出了一种更为有效的处理城市污水的反应器--改进型EGSB反应器,在上升流速为5.41m/h时,其出水的COD值稳定在60mg/L左右,出水SS明显要低于未改进的EGSB。同时还考察了运行期间改进型EGSB反应器内颗粒污泥的胞外多聚物、辅酶变化等,在高的上升流速下,改进型EGSB反应器中颗粒污泥的胞外多聚物含量和辅酶F420含量比未改进EGSB中的要高。     

铁屑微电解法预处理硝基氯苯生产废水的研究

研究了铁屑微电解法预处理某农药厂硝基氯苯生产废水。实验结果表明，铁屑微电解法可有效降低废水CODcr和色度，显著提高废水可生化性。废水经处理，CODcr去除率为73％，色度去除率达90％，BODs／CODcr从0．06提高到0．31。通过实验确定了最佳工艺条件,并探讨了各主要因素对处理效果的影响。另外，本文还分析了废水可生化性提高的原因。     

铁炭微电解法预处理浆纱废水的研究

研究了采用铁炭微电解法预处理浆纱废水.试验结果表明,经微电解处理后的废水,COD的去除率达到67.2%,BOD5/COD从0.07提高到0.32,废水的可生化性得到显著提高.通过正交试验考察pH、反应时间及铁炭对比处理效果的影响,并对各因素作了单因素影响试验,确定了最佳工艺条件.     

跌水曝气——改进型填料(滤料)排水系统处理屠宰废水的设计

对屠宰厂原有的排水管道系统进行改造和革新 ,使之成为沉淀、厌氧好氧生物接触氧化与过滤的新型排水系统 ,用于屠宰废水处理 ,实现了达标排放     

改性沸石对焦化废水中COD的去除研究

本文研究了沸石经NaCl、NaOH、HDTMA(溴化十六烷基三甲胺)改性后对焦化废水中的COD的去除效果.比较得出HDTMA改性沸石对COD的去除能力较好,而且废水的色度明显减小.接着进一步研究了该废水处理过程中的影响因素,包括吸附时间、烘干温度、改性剂HDTMA的浓度、pH值等.结果表明,HDTMA改性沸石处理焦化废水可使其COD的浓度降低至150mg/L以下,这到污水综合排放二级标准.     

Ethics of Sustainable Development – a Study of Swedish Regulations for Genetically Modified Organisms

In spite of stricter provisions inthe new EU directive on deliberate release ofgenetically modified organisms (GMOs), criticsstill advocate a moratorium on permits forcultivation of GMOs. However, in an attempt tomeet concerns raised by the public, thedirective explicitly gives Member States thepossibility to take into consideration ethicalaspects of GMOs in the decision-making. Thisarticle investigates the potential effects ofsuch formulation by means of an empiricalanalysis of experiences gained the last yearsfrom similar Swedish regulations for GMOs,aiming at promoting sustainable development.The faulty implementation shown in the Swedishcase indicates that legal stipulations forethics as such have limited importance. It issuggested that public participation is animportant factor for successful implementationof the ethics of sustainable development.     

Genetically Modified (GM) Crops: Precautionary Science and Conflicts of Interests

Risk governance of GM plants and GMfood products is presently subject to heatedscientific and public controversies. Scientistsand representatives of the biotechnologyindustry have dominated debates concerningsafety issues. The public is suspicious withregard to the motives of scientists, companies,and political institutions involved. Thedilemmas posed are nested, embracing valuequestions, scientific uncertainty, andcontextual issues. The obvious lack of data andinsufficient information concerning ecologicaleffects call for application of thePrecautionary Principle (PP). There are,however, divergent opinions among scientistsabout the relevance of putative hazards,definition of potential ``adverse effects,' andwhether actions should be taken to preventharm. The reliance on the concept ofsubstantial equivalence in safety evaluation ofGM food is equally controversial. Consequently,value assumptions embedded in a scientificframework may be a barrier for employment ofthe PP. One of our major conclusions is thatprecautionary GMP usage requires riskassessment criteria yet undeveloped, as well asbroader and more long-term conceptions of risk,uncertainty, and ignorance. Conflicts ofinterest and public participation are otherissues that need to be taken intoconsideration. GMP governance regimes that arejustifiable from a precautionary and ethicalpoint of view must transcend traditionalscientific boundaries to include alternativescientific perspectives as well as publicinvolvement.     

You Are What You Eat: Genetically Modified Foods, Integrity, and Society

Thus far, the moral debateconcerning genetically modified foods (GMF) hasfocused on extrinsic consequentialist questionsabout the health effects, environmental impacts,and economic benefits of such foods. Thisextrinsic approach to the morality of GMF isdependent on unsubstantiated empirical claimsand fails to account for the intrinsic moralvalue of food and food choice and theirconnection to the agent's concept of the goodlife. I develop a set of objections to GMFgrounded in the concept of integrity andmaintain that food and food choice can beintimately connected to the agent's personalintegrity. I argue that due to the constitutionof GMF and the manner in which they areproduced, such foods are incompatible with thefundamental values and integrity of certainindividual moral agents or groups. I identifythree types of integrity that are threatened byGMF: religious, consumer, and integrity basedon certain other moral or metaphysical grounds.I maintain that these types of integrity aresufficiently important to provide justificationfor political and societal actions to protectthe interests of those affected. I conclude byproposing specific steps for handling GMFconsistent with the moral principles ofinformed consent, non-maleficence, and respectfor the integrity of all members of society.They include mandatory labeling of GMF, theimplementation of a system for control andregulations concerning such foods, andguaranteed provision of conventional foods.