污水污泥的生物处理研究及其展望

本文对城市污水污泥的生物处理研究现状及其最新进展作一综述，着重介绍了各种微生物处理方法和新兴生物技术在污水污泥处理中的应用前景。     

氯化苯在鱼体内富集和释放行为的研究

运用快速测定ＢＣＦ的方法，研究了７种氯代苯在鲤鱼体内富集和释放的行为，实验结果表明，用脂肪含量标化的ＢＣＦＬ与辛醇分配系数Ｋｏｗ吻合较好；吸收速率常数（Ｋ１２）、释放速率常数（Ｋ２１）和生物富集系数的对数值与１ｇｋｏｗ有较好的相关关系，对于高脂溶性氯化苯，由于其结构的庞大，影响富集过程，所以本文采用了分子表面积对拟合的线性方程进行了校正，改善了１ｇＫ１２和１ｇＫｏｗ之间的线性关系。     

广西南部三叠纪强过铝质火成岩岩石化学特征的动力学意义

为深化对广西南部地区印支期造山运动深部动力学机制的理解,采用该地区三叠纪强过铝质火成岩的岩石化学数据提取其源区熔融温度以及成分特征方面的信息。结果显示:广西南部三叠纪强过铝质火成岩属于高钾钙碱性系列,形成于印支期后碰撞构造背景中。它们的Al2O3/TiO2小于100,CaO/Na2O多数大于0 3、少数小于0 3。同时,这些强过铝质火成岩的Al2O3/TiO2与其SiO2含量有正相关趋势,而CaO/Na2O与SiO2含量呈明显的负相关关系。这些岩石化学特征表明,强过铝质火成岩部分源于泥质岩的部分熔融,部分源于砂岩或正变质岩的部分熔融,但不排除后者可能是泥质岩部分熔融产物和玄武质岩浆相混合的结果;同时这些强过铝质火成岩形成源区的温度高(>=875℃)。因此,广西南部三叠纪时期的深部能量来自以底侵玄武岩浆加热作用所体现出来的软流圈地幔的平流热传递过程。     

黄磷尾气净化方法探讨

黄磷尾气的主要成分是CO，可作为燃料和碳一化工原料。综合论述了黄磷尾气的几种净化方法，对其净化效果进行比较，并对净化后的尾气用途作了简单介绍。分析了黄磷尾气净化的难点。     

太湖梅梁湾水体中可见光的衰减、吸收及散射

对太湖梅梁湾沿岸带和敞水区的水体进行了光学特性研究。结果发现，沿岸带的水下光辐射衰减系数(Kd)值较敞水区小；400nm与500nm向上辐照度比值(Eu440／Eu550),沿岸带在1m左右最小,敞水区在0．5m左右最小;沿岸带的水面下向上辐照度与向下辐照度的比值(R)低于敞水区：440、550、670nm的后向散射与吸收的比值(b／a),在沿岸带的1m处最大,敞水区在0．5m处最大。这些结果说明,相对于敞水区而言,沿岸带的光衰减较弱,无机悬浮颗粒的含量较少,最大叶绿素a分布较深。     

Ecological networks and greenways in Europe: reasoning and concepts

The paper gives an overview of approaches towards ecological networks throughout Europe.It does not intend to present a complete picture,but to highlight comon developments within countries and regions and show common principles and differences between countries and regions that have to be taken into account when developing a joint European intiative,Countries or regions that have not been included can be active in the same way ,but information was not accessible to be authors for different reasons.This overview shows the comparable trends in decline of landscapes and the diversity in approaches to biodiversity conservation and nature conservation planning.Understanding the differences and common issues are of utmost imprtance to generalise common principles and to understand the way neighbours and other European partners approach problems.     

Photodegradation of acetochlor in water and UV photoproducts identified by mass spectrometry

The sunlight photodegradation half-lives of 20 mg/L acetochlor were 151, 154 and 169 days in de-ionized water, river water and paddy water, respectively. When exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light, acetochlor in aqueous solution was rapidly degraded. The half-lives were7.1, 10.1, and 11.5 min in de-ionized water, river water and paddy water, respectively. Photopreduets of acetochlor were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS) and found at least twelve photoproducts resulted from dechlorination with subsequent hydrtrxylation and cyclization processes. The chemical structures of ten photoproducts were presumed on the basis of mass spectrum interpretation and literature data. Photoproducts are identified as 2-ethyl-6-methylaniline; N, N-diethylaniline ; 4, 8-dimethyl-2-oxo- 1,2,3,4- tetrahydroquino-line; 2-oxo-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(ethoxymethyl) acetamide; N-(ethoxymethyl)-2‘-ethyl-6‘-methylformanilide; 1-hydroxyaeetyl-2-ethoxyl-7-ethylind ole; 8-ethyl-l-ethoxymethyl-2-oxo-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroquinoline; 4, 8-dimethyl-l-ethoxymethyl-2-oxo-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroquinoline; 2-hydroxy-2‘-ethyl-6‘-methyl-N-(ethoxymethyl) acetanilide and a compound related to acetochlor. The other two photoproducts were detected by GC/MS although their chemical structure was unknown.     

职业性苯接触者终末呼出气中的苯含量

苯在工业生产中被广泛应用,因其毒性极大,给职业性苯接触工人的健康造成严重危害.如何评价苯作业工人健康所受到的危害程度,以利于工人的安全防护,本文就职业性苯接触的呼出气监测来评价环境空气浓度与人体吸收水平的关系进行探讨,为健康监护提供依据.