浙江省土地利用非农化与城市化的空间关系计量

Land use is an important carrier and intuitive result of urbanization process. Driven by the dual transformation of China’s land system and developed regional economy, the interrelationship between urbanization and land use non agriculturalization in coastal areas and its evolution are uniquely explored. Based on the county land use information of Zhejiang Province in 2005, 2010 and 2015, this paper quantitatively analyzes the differentiation of county comprehensive urbanization, land use non agriculturalization and the conversion source and flow of key county construction land in 2005-2015. Then use the Theil index and the bivariate spatial autocorrelation method to explore the spatial correlation model of urbanization level and land use non agriculturalization in Zhejiang Provinces. (1) The level of urbanization in Zhejiang County is rapidly increasing and gradually achieving spatial balance and forming a group like urbanization situation centered on Hangzhou, Ningbo,Jinhua, Wenzhou and other municipal districts; the focus of construction land changes from the central and northern plains to the southeast coastal plains. However, the increase in the municipal area is still the most obvious. The increase or decrease of land for agricultural conversion is the key reason for the large scale change in construction land in Zhejiang County; (2) The spatial positive correlation between land non agriculturalization and urbanization in Zhejiang Province has increased significantly, and the spatial differentiation situation has been highlighted. It has shown that the high aggregation area has shifted from the middle part to the east coast of Zhejiang and the islands. In general, the high high type is mostly distributed in the northern Zhejiang Plain, while the low low type extends from the coastal to the inland. (3) There is a significant scale effect of comprehensive urbanization and land use non agriculturalization in Zhejiang Province, and the correlation difference increases with spatial scale. This study reveals the spatial correlation between urbanization and land non agriculturalization in the period of urbanization of economically developed provinces. It has important guiding value for promoting the synergy of land use planning and urban planning, and implementing land transfer and trans administrative area replacement according to local conditions.     

SMBBR-AF-SMBBR组合工艺处理高氨氮农药废水

采用特异性移动床生物膜反应器(SMBBR)和厌氧生物滤池(AF)组合工艺处理高氨氮农药废水。考察了HRT、pH和DO等工艺条件对SMBBR-AF-SMBBR组合工艺运行稳定期COD和氨氮去除率的影响。试验结果表明,在进水COD为2 408~7 440 mg/L、ρ(NH_4~+-N)为160.21~433.84 mg/L、TN为208.27~537.65 mg/L、HRT为8d、pH为8.0、DO为4 mg/L的条件下,处理后出水平均COD为342 mg/L,COD去除率达92.3%;ρ(NH_4~+-N)小于4.0mg/L,氨氮平均去除率为89.2%;TN小于50 mg/L,平均TN去除达83.0%。出水各指标均优于原A2O工艺出水。     

聚苯乙烯/CdS/TiO_2双壳层核壳纳米颗粒可见光催化降解甲基橙

采用溶胶-凝胶法,在聚苯乙烯(PS)/CdS核壳纳米颗粒表面包覆致密TiO_2层,制备出具有双壳层结构的PS/CdS/TiO_2纳米复合颗粒,考察了制备条件对材料结构的影响,并利用甲基橙溶液对其光催化性能进行了评价。SEM、TEM、XRD和FTIR分析结果表明,制得的微球单分散性良好,壳层包覆完整,厚度均匀。PS/CdS/TiO_2制备的适宜反应时间为12~18 h,适宜反应pH为7~9。PS/CdS/TiO_2较PS/CdS具有更为优异的可见光催化性能。     

某电厂600MW火电机组脱硫增容改造方案探讨

按照国家环保部文件要求,大唐集团河北某电厂600 MW机组湿法脱硫系统需进行增容改造。该电厂根据实际情况,归纳了3种可行的脱硫增容改造方案,即原吸收塔增加喷淋层和高度、双吸收塔串联、双吸收塔双循环,阐述了各自的技术特点,结合性能保证、工程投资、施工周期等影响因素,比较了各方案的优缺点。经过对比和论证,双吸收塔方案比单吸收塔方案更适合于本次工程改造。     

中度污染水资源用于电厂循环冷却系统工艺研究

采用曝气生物滤池与高效混凝沉淀工艺对城市污水厂二级处理出水进行了2 m3/h规模的中试研究,并在此基础上对被污染的地表水进行了600m3/h规模的工程试验研究。研究表明,中度污染水资源通过这一工艺处理,可以满足电厂循环冷却水补给水的水质要求,并可以取得较高的处理效率。工程试验证实,此工艺运行稳定,系统易启动,抗冲击能力强,管理方便,具有推广应用的价值。     

有机改性粘土对赤潮藻絮凝沉降的动力学研究

采用分光光度计法和活体荧光计法,研究了吉米奇类表面活性剂双烷基聚氧乙烯基三季铵盐（DPQAC）改性粘土对2种赤潮生物赤潮异弯藻和锥状斯氏藻的絮凝沉降动力学,比较了2种实验方法的不同,并对几种影响絮凝沉降的因素进行了研究.结果表明,传统的分光光度计法进行动力学研究时,有机粘土对赤潮藻的絮凝沉降较好地符合双分子反应动力学模型,而采用活体荧光计法进行实验时,有机粘土对赤潮藻的絮凝沉降很好地符合双曲线动力学模型,利用活体荧光计法进行实验时避免了前者由于粘土沉降导致的体系透光率的快速变化,更好地反映了赤潮藻细胞絮凝沉降实质.2种动力学实验方法都表明,高岭土体系的沉降速率要略高于膨润土体系,提高粘土、改性剂的用量以及体系的pH值都能加快沉降速率,其中提高改性剂的用量是增加去除率和加快沉降速率的最有效方法.     

沸石生物滤池联合海绵铁/石灰石滤池处理微污染水体

针对廊坊市安次区龙河东张务闸处河流微污染问题,构建了沸石生物滤池与海绵铁/石灰石滤池联合处理工艺,考察了联合工艺对COD和TP的去除效果及运行参数。结果表明:海绵铁/石灰石滤池采用均质填充,海绵铁/石灰石体积比为3∶7。联合工艺在COD为72±11 mg/L、TP为1.52±0.53 mg/L、HRT为1.5 h的条件下,COD、TP平均去除率分别为76.51%和85.37%;在常态水质条件(COD 56±10 mg/L、TP 0.65±0.14 mg/L)下,控制HRT为0.8 h时,COD、TP平均去除率分别为89.33%和74.27%,出水COD、TP浓度满足地表水Ⅳ类水标准。     

混凝-超滤工艺处理饮用水厂滤池反冲洗水和排泥水的效能

为探究饮用水厂滤池反冲洗水和排泥水的直接回用和处理后回用对水厂的影响及两类水处理过程中的差异,采用了污染负荷计算、实验室混凝小试和现场混凝-超滤中试装置对两类生产废水分别进行了研究。溶解性有机碳(dissolved organic carbon,DOC)、氨氮(NH₄⁺-N)、Al³⁺和全氟类化合物(perfluorinated compounds,PFASs)的污染负荷计算结果表明生产废水直接回用会为水厂带来一定的额外负荷,其中排泥水和反冲洗水分别对PFASs和Al³⁺负荷贡献较大;通过对小试中浊度,UV254以及5种荧光组分去除效果的对比,反冲洗水的混凝效果稍好于排泥水,同时10 mg·L^-1的聚合氯化铝为最佳混凝剂方案;在中试过程中,两类水中的浊度、有机物、Al³⁺和PFASs均可被有效去除,出水差异较小,但反冲洗水中的亲水性和小分子有机物使得其去除效果低于排泥水。总体来说,经过处理之后,两类生产废水均可回用,回用可有效减少废水排放量,提高水厂水资源...     

基于高效絮凝沉淀池与翻板滤池组合工艺的工程案例

以银川市某水厂为例,评估高效絮凝沉淀池与翻板滤池组合工艺的工程应用效果。结果表明,高效絮凝沉淀池与翻板滤池组合工艺能够适应较大水质波动,具有一定抗冲击负荷能力。其浊度去除率和高锰酸盐指数(以COD_Mn计)去除率较高,出水水质满足《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB/T5749-2006)。通过调整排泥量和污泥回流比,能够有效解决沉淀池泥位超标问题。根据翻板滤池的过滤负荷和滤水阀门的开度调整反冲洗周期,能够提高过滤效率,节约电耗。少量无烟煤滤料的流失对翻板滤池出水浊度无影响。本研究结果可为低温低浊水处理工程提供设计经验和工程案例参考。     

厌氧-好氧生物滤池处理城市污水试验

研究了生物滤池处理城市污水的性能特点,结果表明:厌氧-好氧生物滤池去除城市污水中的CODCr、SS和NH4+-N等具有较好的效果,当进水CODCr、SS和NH4+-N分别为23、112mg/L和56mg/L时,水力停留时间8h,曝气强度在0·5~0·6L/(m2·s)时,CODCr、SS和NH4+-N的去除率分别在90%、80%和75%以上。