Removal of bentazone from micro-polluted water using MIEX resin: Kinetics, equilibrium, and mechanism

The contamination of surface and ground water by bentazone has attracted increasing global concern in recent years. We conducted a detailed investigation using MIEX resin to eliminate bentazone from waters. Batch experiments were carried out to evaluate the e ect of process parameters, such as retention time, resin amount, and initial pesticide concentration, on removal e ciency of bentazone. Results showed the sorption process was fast and bentazone could be e ciently removed in 30 minutes. The kinetic process of bentazone sorption on MIEX resin was well described by pseudo second-order model and intraparticle di usion was the rate controlling step. The MIEX resin possessed the highest sorption capacity of 0.2656 mmol/mL for bentazone according to Langmuir fitting. Bentazone is a hydrophobic ionizable organic compound, and both ionic charge and hydrophobic aromatic structure governed the sorption characteristics on MIEX resin. The di erent removal e ciencies of ionic and non-ionic pesticides, combined with the charge balance equations of bentazone, SO4 2??, NO3?? and Cl??, indicated that removal of bentazone using MIEX resin occurred primarily via ion exchange.     

Biosorption of cesium（Ⅰ） from aqueous solution by a novel exopolymers secreted from Pseudomonas fluorescens C-2： Equilibrium and kinetic studies

The biosorption characteristics of Cs(I) ions from aqueous solution using exopolymers (PFC02) produced from Pseudomonas fluorescens C-2 were investigated as a function of pH, biosorbent dosage, contact time and initial concentration. pH played a major role in the adsorption process, and the optimum pH for the removal of Cs(I) was 8.0. Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) models were applied to describe the biosorption isotherm of the Cs(I) ions by PFC02. The Lagergren first-order, pseudo second-order kinetic and intraparticle diffusion models were used to test the kinetic data. Langmuir model and D-R model fitted the equilibrium data better than the Freundlich isotherm. The monolayer adsorption capacities of PFC02 as obtained from Langmuir isotherm at 25°C was found to be 32.63 mg/g. From the D-R isotherm model, the mean free energy was calculated as 26.73 kJ/mol, indicating that the biosorption of cesium was chemisorption. The biosorption process was rapid, and the kinetic rates were best fitted to the pseudo second-order model, which indicated the biosorption process operated through chemisorption mechanism. FT-IR analysis of PFC02 showed the possible functional groups responsible for cesium adsorption were hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl and sulphonate groups. SEM analysis showed the porous structure of the material while EDX analysis confirmed the adsorption of Cs(I) on PFC02. Cesium adsorbed onto the PFC02 could be desorbed efficiently using 1 mol/L HNO3, and the enrichment factor was 50.0. Furthermore, PFC02 could be reused five times with only about 8.25% regeneration loss. The developed method was successfully utilized for the removal of Cs(I) ions from aqueous solution.     

地层对四氯化碳迁移影响的实验研究

四氯化碳（CT）在地下水中是一种持久性的有机污染物（POPs）,工业污水和残留在土壤中的CT一旦进入地下含水层,会长期影响人类的用水安全。了解土壤对CT的去除效能,以及CT在地层中的迁移规律,可以为地下水污染的风险评估和修复治理提供依据。为了研究CT在不同岩性地层中的运移规律,通过批量振荡平衡实验,对CT在地层中的吸附...     

利用第二缺氧段硝酸盐氮浓度作为MUCT工艺运行控制参数

以模拟生活污水为对象考察了第二缺氧段硝酸盐氮质量浓度(SNO-3)作为MUCT工艺运行控制参数的可行性.将进水COD质量浓度恒定为(290±10)mg.L-1,TN质量浓度恒定为(55±0.5)mg.L-1,TP质量浓度恒定为(7.0±0.5)mg.L-1,改变第二缺氧段硝酸盐氮质量浓度以比较各段出水TN和TP质量浓度.结果表明,SNO-3值显著影响着出水TN和TP质量浓度,控制内循环回流量维持SNO-3为2.5 mg.L-1,可实现MUCT工艺的最优控制.利用各段硝酸盐氮和TP平均质量浓度进行的物料平衡计算结果表明SNO-3是影响厌氧段释磷量、第一缺氧段和第二缺氧段硝酸盐氮反应量、第二缺氧段吸磷量的重要参数.     

次氯酸钙溶液脱硫脱硝一体化过程热力学分析

烟气脱硫脱硝一体化技术已成为当前大气污染防治领域的研究热点,其中氧化剂液相吸收法极有可能率先实现产业化。文章理论上首次提出了次氯酸钙溶液脱硫脱硝一体化技术,利用热力学函数计算分析了脱硫脱硝反应的方向和限度,通过SO2和NO平衡分压计算推导了污染物的脱除效率,考察标准吉布斯函数变分析了该技术的优势。结果表明:脱硫脱硝反应的标准吉布斯函数变分别为-614.55和-888.21 kJ/mol,热力学角度上完全可行,反应限度极深,优于文献中介绍的尿素、NaClO2、KMnO4/NaOH溶液吸收法和臭氧结合氨水吸收法。同时,SO2和NO平衡分压很小,说明次氯酸钙溶液几乎可以完全脱除烟气中的SO2和NOX。     

巴陵石化全面提升环保达标水平

巴陵石化公司是一个集炼油、化工、化纤于一体的综合型企业。前些年,由于企业生产装置比较分散,又紧靠洞庭湖和长江,环保工作压力巨大,环保管理也存在“短板”2009年4月,集团公司安环局组织有关专家,从生产工艺、物料平衡到排污情况等进行多方面“把脉问诊”,     

承接产业转移的科技创新战略

产业转移,这是世界经济不平衡向均衡发展的必然趋势,也是席卷世界的经济全球化浪潮的必然结果。产业转移,不仅是现代产业发展具有向外扩张功能的具体体现,也是现代产业体系全球布局的有形拓展。这对发达地区和发展中地区而言,都是一种双赢的结局。     

7种指示性多氯联苯混合标准样品量值不确定度研究

分析并评估了异辛烷中7种指示性多氯联苯(PCBs)混合标准样品的量值不确定度。通过分析PCBs纯品中结构相似物、水分、无机物等杂质的含量,采用质量平衡法对PCBs纯品的纯度进行了定值。结果显示,7种指示性PCBs纯品的纯度为98.24%~99.92%,纯度不确定度为0.08%~1.28%。采用称量-容量法制备了各组分浓度均为50.0 μg/mL的异辛烷中7种指示性PCBs混合标准样品,全面分析了各组分的量值不确定度来源,主要包括样品配制、均匀性和长期稳定性等引入的不确定度。结果表明,该标准样品中,7种指示性PCBs组分的合成扩展不确定度为0.7~1.7 μg/mL。该标准样品量值准确且具有计量溯源性,可为我国PCBs相关国际履约监测和新污染物监测提供有效支撑。     

基于土地适宜性评价的区域碳排放权分配研究

资源环境与经济发展的矛盾日益突出,严格控制碳排放是增强可持续性发展的根本途径.研究参考已有文献,将碳平衡引入土地适宜性评价研究,分别从经济、生态、社会角度建立了基于碳平衡的城市圈土地适宜性评价指标体系,具体包括碳源适宜性评价和碳汇适宜性评价.运用基于蚁群算法的投影寻踪模型得到两类适宜性综合评价值.碳平衡适宜性评价结果显示,各城市适宜性差异显著,存在较大的区域内协调潜力.运用多目标规划模型在适宜性评价的基础上对城市圈的碳排放权进行优化配置.碳排放权配置研究可促进低碳经济发展,是生态文明建设的目标之一,对城市圈可持续发展具有重要的指导意义.     

缓释肥侧条施肥技术对水稻产量和氮素利用效率的影响

利用田间小区试验,系统研究了基于缓释肥料的侧条施肥技术对水稻产量和氮素利用效率的影响。试验结果表明：与农民常规施肥处理（FP）比较,侧条施肥技术高缓释肥处理（HF）水稻氮素投入比农民常规施肥处理（FP）降低约40%,水稻产量没有显著降低,穗粒数比农民常规施肥处理增加了8.36%。侧条施肥技术显著提高了水稻地上部吸氮量和氮肥偏生产力,降低了氮素的表观损失量。侧条施肥各处理氮肥偏生产力在39.1～67.8之间,显著高于FP处理的23.7。FP处理氮素表观损失量高达174.2 kg＆#183;hm-2,侧条施肥各处理表观损失量在23.2～61.9 kg＆#183;hm-2之间。综合考虑水稻产量和环境因素,基于缓释肥料的侧条施肥技术是一种资源节约和环境友好的施肥技术。