危险源辨识活动进班组

"小高,今天怎么没精神?没有休息好吗?""中间包车护板少了一块,得要补上.""四流振动台偏振溅钢厉害,建议调整.""拉钢平台氧气胶管漏气,需要更换……"如今,你如果参加莱钢炼钢厂3号连铸车间拉钢甲班的危险源预知训练和"工前5分钟"活动,你随时都会听到这样的话语.     

Heavy metal （Pb,Zn） uptake and chemical changes in rhizosphere soils of four wetland plants with different radial oxygen loss

Lead and Zn uptake and chemical changes in rhizosphere soils of four emergent-rooted wetland plants; Aneilema bracteatum, Cyperus alternifolius, Ludwigia hyssopifolia and Veronica serpyllifolia were investigated by two experiments: (1) rhizobag filled with “clean” or metal-contaminated soil for analysis of Pb and Zn in plants and rhizosphere soils; and (2) applied deoxygenated solution for analyzing their rates of radial oxygen loss (ROL). The results showed that the wetland plants with di erent ROL rates had significant e ects on the mobility and chemical forms of Pb and Zn in rhizosphere under flooded conditions. These e ects were varied with di erent metal elements and metal concentrations in the soils. Lead mobility in rhizosphere of the four plants both in the “clean” and contaminated soils was decreased, while Zn mobility was increased in the rhizosphere of the “clean” soil, but decreased in the contaminated soil. Among the four plants, V. serpyllifolia, with the highest ROL, formed the highest degree of Fe plaque on the root surface, immobilized more Zn in Fe plaque, and has the highest e ects on the changes of Zn form (EXC-Zn) in rhizosphere under both “clean” and contaminated soil conditions. These results suggested that ROL of wetland plants could play an important role in Fe plaque formation and mobility and chemical changes of metals in rhizosphere soil under flood conditions.     

地下水中222Rn的液体闪烁测量法

本文介绍的测量地下水中~(222)Rn的液体闪烁法,具有简便、快速、灵敏、可靠等优点。该方法仅需水样10ml,制样时间不超过1min,探测限可达0.82Bq/L,能实现样品测量的自动化。它不需要特殊的测量装置,普通的商品液体闪烁计数器即可满足要求。是一种进行大规模地下水样中~(222)Rn浓度调查的,较为理想的方法。     

Microbial community functional structure in response to micro-aerobic conditions in sulfate-reducing sulfur-producing bioreactor

Limited oxygen supply to anaerobic wastewater treatment systems had been demonstrated as an effective strategy to improve elemental sulfur(S0) recovery, coupling sulfate reduction and sulfide oxidation. However, little is known about the impact of dissolved oxygen(DO) on the microbial functional structures in these systems. We used a high throughput tool(GeoChip) to evaluate the microbial community structures in a biological desulfurization reactor under micro-aerobic conditions(DO: 0.02–0.33 mg/L). The results indicated that the microbial community functional compositions and structures were dramatically altered with elevated DO levels. The abundances of dsrA/B genes involved in sulfate reduction processes significantly decreased(p 0.05, LSD test) at relatively high DO concentration(DO: 0.33 mg/L). The abundances of sox and fccA/B genes involved in sulfur/sulfide oxidation processes significantly increased(p 0.05, LSD test) in low DO concentration conditions(DO: 0.09 mg/L) and then gradually decreased with continuously elevated DO levels. Their abundances coincided with the change of sulfate removal efficiencies and elemental sulfur(S0) conversion efficiencies in the bioreactor. In addition, the abundance of carbon degradation genes increased with the raising of DO levels, showing that the heterotrophic microorganisms(e.g., fermentative microorganisms) were thriving under micro-aerobic condition. This study provides new insights into the impacts of micro-aerobic conditions on the microbial functional structure of sulfatereducing sulfur-producing bioreactors, and revealed the potential linkage between functional microbial communities and reactor performance.     

氧气和水蒸气对球状活性炭吸附SO2能力的影响

研究了Ｏ２和Ｈ２Ｏ对沥青基球状活性炭（ＰＳＡＣ）吸附ＳＯ２能力的影响。结果表明,Ｏ２和ＳＯ２占据不同的活性中心,而Ｈ２Ｏ和ＳＯ２占据同一类活性中心,且ＳＯ２与活性中心的结合能力比Ｈ２Ｏ强得多。Ｏ２或Ｈ２Ｏ均能提高ＰＳＡＣ对ＳＯ２的吸附能力。ＳＯ２吸附量的增加来源于ＳＯ２的化学吸附量。     

如何防范氧气安全事故

氧气为无色无臭气体,是助燃气体,常用于切割、焊接金属和冶金,还用于制造医药、染料、炸药等。     

沉水植物对沉积物-水界面环境特征的影响

为明确沉水植物对沉积物-水界面环境特征的影响机制,在采自于太湖草、藻型湖区的沉积物柱状样中种植沉水植物后进行破坏性采样,测定沉积物-水界面以上5 cm上覆水的营养盐含量和沉积物的含水量、中值粒径、w(TOC)、w(TON)、w(TP)、金属元素含量等的垂直分布和氧气侵蚀深度. 结果表明,种植沉水植物对沉积物-水界面环境特征的影响主要为:①显著降低了上覆水中ρ(PO₄3--P)〔草型湖区上覆水由(7.98±1.85)μg/L降至(4.65±1.16)μg/L,藻型湖区上覆水由(7.86±0.84)μg/L降至(4.89±0.48)μg/L〕和草型湖区上覆水中的ρ(DOC)〔由(6.64±0.41)mg/L降至(4.73±0.69)mg/L〕,但没有引起上覆水中ρ(NO₃--N)、ρ(NO₂--N)和ρ(NH₄+-N)的显著差异;②明显提高表层沉积物的含水量,减小草型湖区沉积物表层的中值粒径;③降低草型湖区沉积物表层2 cm内w(TOC)和w(TON),增加草型湖区上层沉积物中w(TP);④明显降低草型湖区沉积物中w(Ca)和w(Mg),但对草、藻型湖区沉积物中的Al,K,Cu,Pb和Zn的含量影响都不明显;⑤藻型湖区沉积物中氧气侵蚀深度由1.6 mm增至3.0 mm,草型湖区沉积物则由3.7 mm增至24.0 mm.      

应用呼吸-滴定测量监测硝化动态过程

将pH值在线监测与药品自动投加系统与已开发的混合呼吸测量仪集成,组成自动呼吸-滴定测量仪,同时测定废水生物处理过程氧气利用速率(OUR)和质子变化速率(HVR).对活性污泥硝化过程定时测定NH4+-N浓度,比较其与基于HVR或OUR预测的NH4+-N浓度间的一致程度,评估自动滴定测量装置测试硝化过程动态的性能.结果表明,在初始NH4+-N浓度分别为20,25mg/L的间歇试验中,实测值数组与基于OUR的预测值数组间的相关系数分别为0.9967和0.9972,与基于HVR的预测值数组间的相关系数分别为0.9991和0.9992,表明OUR和HVR均能及时准确地反映硝化过程的动态特性.     

矿山救护仪器中的化学药剂

一、CO2吸收剂 压缩氧气呼吸器或压缩氧气自救器是一种闭路式呼吸保护装置,佩戴者呼气中的CO2气体经过清净罐后,被其中的CO2吸收剂吸收,其余的气体返回气囊,循环使用。     

最初的飞行员救生装备——飞行员防护救生装备发展系列介绍

人类期盼飞翔的梦想自古有之,但长期以来都是在神化传说中展开想像的双冀,直到1783年9月,蒙哥尔费兄弟发明了高20.7m,直径13.6m可以承载二人并可在空中补充燃料的热气球。