Heavy metal removal from aqueous solution using carbonaceous K2S-impregnated adsorbent

A novel carbonaceous adsorbent for heavy metal removal was prepared from raw coal by one-step simple sulfur impregnation using K2S. Raw coal was mixed with K2S powder and then heated at 800°C for 30 min in nitrogen to produce K2S char. The sulfur content and form in K2S char were determined, and the ability of K2S char to adsorb Zn2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ was examined. The K2S impregnation was e ective at impregnating sulfur into coal, especially in the form of elemental, thiophenic and sulfatic sulfur. The sulfur content of K2S char was higher than those of raw coal and pyrolysis char. The Zn2+ removal in 2.4 mmol/L of Zn2+ solution by K2S char was higher than raw coal with the removal rate of 100%. K2S char adsorbed Pb2+ and Cd2+ in 24 mmol/L of Pb2+ and Cd2+ solution with the removal rate of 97% and 35%, respectively. The elution extents of adsorbed Pb2+ and Cd2+ were zero in distilled water and 27% in 0.1 mol/L HCl solution. These results indicated that an e ective adsorbent for heavy metal ions was prepared from coal using K2S sulfur impregnation, and that the adsorbed metals were strongly retained in K2S char.     

Influence of Indian mustard （Brassicajuncea） on rhizosphere soil solution chemistry in long-term contaminated soils： A rhizobox study

This study investigated the influence of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) root exudation on soil solution properties (pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), metal solubility) in the rhizosphere using a rhizobox. Measurement was conducted following the cultivation of Indian mustard in the rhizobox filled four di erent types of heavy metal contaminated soils (two alkaline soils and two acidic soils). The growth of Indian mustard resulted in a significant increase (by 0.6 pH units) in rhizosphere soil solution pH of acidic soils and only a slight increase (< 0.1 pH units) in alkaline soils. Furthermore, the DOC concentration increased by 17–156 mg/L in the rhizosphere regardless of soil type and the extent of contamination, demonstrating the exudation of DOC from root. Ion chromatographic determination showed a marked increase in the total dissolved organic acids (OAs) in rhizosphere. While root exudates were observed in all soils, the amount of DOC and OAs in soil solution varied considerably amongst di erent soils, resulting in significant changes to soil solution metals in the rhizosphere. For example, the soil solution Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations increased in the rhizosphere of alkaline soils compared to bulk soil following plant cultivation. In contrast, the soluble concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn in acidic soils decreased in rhizosphere soil when compared to bulk soils. Besides the influence of pH and DOC on metal solubility, the increase of heavy metal concentration having high stability constant such as Cu and Pb resulted in a release of Cd and Zn from solid phase to liquid phase.     

机场环境下飞机LY12CZ结构腐蚀损伤预测方法研究

依据LY1 2CZ材料的EXCO溶液浸泡加速腐蚀试验数据、飞机LY 12CZ构件在机场环境下的真实腐蚀损伤数据以及腐蚀损伤等效原则和当量关系原理,获得了该材料在2种环境下腐蚀的当量因子均值(α) =0.023 6,构建了LY12CZ材料于EXCO溶液中浸泡腐蚀的神经网络腐蚀深度预测模型.在此基础上提出了利用所建的神经网...     

总磷测定中抗坏血酸溶液的保存

钼锑抗分光光度法测定总磷,抗坏血酸溶液不稳定,放置在空气中容易氧化变色而失效。《水和废水监测分析方法》（简称方法）［１］说明它在冷处可稳定数周。有关资料［２,３］曾提到抗坏血酸溶液的变质与试液中的杂质铜离子有关,建议加入少量ＥＤＴＡ和甲酸或乙酸作为稳...     

利用电泳萃取技术从有机溶液中回收染料

本文以正丁醇作为有机溶剂,水作为萃取剂,依据染料在两相体系中的分配关系,选择了几种油溶性较好的染料,实验研究了电泳萃取过程所能达到的萃取效果及电压、两相流速变化对萃取率及传质通量的影响。实验结果表明,萃取率和传质通量随电压的增大而增大,在施加足够大的电压的情况下,萃取率可达９０％以上,有机相流速改变对驻效果有显著影响,有机相流速增大萃取率减小,传质通量可能存在极大值,水相流速改变对萃取效果影响不大     

冬季谨防静电危害

<正>进入冬季天气干燥,静电更易于积聚。冬天比其他三个季节发生的静电事故机率更大,安全工作不容忽视。在企业日常安全管理中,要对此项工作高度重视,勤于检查,避免因为静电因素导致事故的发生。以前企业在防静电工作中把工作重心放在可燃液体快速流动环节的防静电上,忽视了慢速流动可燃液体的防静电工作,导致事故给人深刻的。某私营化工厂从二楼用塑料管向楼底的塑料大桶中放甲苯溶液,该企业职工使用塑料管时未采取任何防静电措施。事故就在这时发生了,由于静电放电产生火花引燃甲苯,导致火灾的发生。的教训     

土壤溶液性质对Zn的形态变化及其微生物毒性的影响

采集了我国具有代表性的12种不同性质土壤,利用基础诱导硝化(SIN)方法测定了不同土壤中锌的微生物毒性阈值,同时利用850离子色谱仪与WHAM6.0模型,测定了溶液不同阴离子组成及自由Zn2+含量,建立了基于不同土壤性质与溶液离子的土壤中Zn毒性预测模型.结果表明,基于SIN测定的不同土壤Zn微生物毒性阈值在不同土壤间有显著差异,其中EC50从196mg/kg至1310mg/kg;EC10值从48mg/kg增加至682mg/kg,不同土壤EC50与EC10的最大值与最小值的比例分别达到了6.68及14.3倍,表明土壤性质对Zn的微生物毒性有非常显著的影响;基于SIN的Zn的毒性阈值ECx(x=10,50)与溶液自由Zn2+浓度的负对数p(Zn2+)间呈正相关关系,表明随着土壤溶液中自由Zn2+值的升高,Zn的毒性逐渐增加.土壤pH值、OC、CEC、F-、Cl-、Ca2+及Mg2+与Zn的毒性阈值ECx(x=10,50)及p(Zn2+)呈正相关关系,其中土壤pH值为最重要的影响因子,偏相关系数均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),其次为OC、CEC及F-,ECx与溶液中NO3-, SO42-呈负相关关系.基于不同主控因子的土壤中Zn毒性阈值(ECx)及P(Zn2+)的预测模型表明,pH值、OC、CEC、F- 四个变量因子分别解释了log(EC50)、log(EC10)及p(Zn2+)预测模型变异的89.9%、81.2%和92.3%.     

静电纺PA6/PET复合膜的制备及其空气过滤性能

主要研究静电纺纳米/微米纤维复合膜(PA6/PET)的制备及其空气过滤性能,电纺了几种不同密集度的复合膜,研究了其对氯化钠粒子在特定条件下的过滤能力,进行了加载过滤测试,并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对过滤前后纤维膜的表面形态进行观察.结果表明,对于多分散的NaCl粒子来说,过滤材料的过滤效率随着过滤时间的增加而增加.当增大过滤粒子流量时,过滤阻力与流量呈现线性增长关系,但是过滤效率变化不大.本实验中复合膜的最低过滤效率为99.990%.     

粘土吸附水中氟离子的研究

研究了粘土和明矾去除饮用水中氟离子的机理,探讨了pH值、溶液温度、氟离子浓度和吸附时间对粘土吸附饮用水中氟离子的影响.结果表明,粘土对饮用水中氟离子具有较好的吸附效果,是较为理想的饮水除氟材料.     

煤矿矿井水中SO2-4的去除方法研究

制备了高效SO2-4吸附剂,用其对某煤矿矿井水进行了试验,对影响吸附剂吸附效率的各因素进行了研究,结果表明:吸附剂用量1.0 g/L时,去除率达到最高,为93.5%.溶液在酸性范围内吸附剂对SO2-4去除率明显大于碱性范围.随着SO2-4浓度的增加,吸附剂的去除率逐渐降低.试验水温选择为25℃,最佳吸附时间为40 min,最佳pH为7.0.