汞的分析（一）

1 汞样的保护汞及其化合物之所以难以测定,不仅因为汞在环境中的存在量甚微,而且由于本身的性质不稳定,易受共存的组分和微生物的作用,以及离子价态,容器的吸附和环境气温等种种影响.因此,对于汞样的保存,试剂提纯,样品予处理和测定方法一直是测定汞的较大的难题.本文想针对这些难题作进一步讨论,以期有助于汞的分析.     

汞的分析（二）

2 汞样的富集分离与试剂提纯除应用苏州站和苏州267厂研制的WGY—S1型测汞仪外,用其他仪器测定汞,目前一般均需对样品中汞进行富集才能测定.在遇到样品基体干扰时,又须将汞与基体分离.因此,汞样的富集与分离是汞的测定至关重要的一步.     

东胜地区环境污染现状及对策

根据近年监测结果表明，伊盟东胜地区的大气、水体，土壤和蔬菜均已受到不同程度污染。有些污染因子呈逐年上升趋势。污染较、严重。尤其蔬菜中汞、酚的含量明显超出国家饮用水标准。本文针对东胜市区的环境现状，分析了污染原因及其发展趋势，并提出了相应的防治措施及对策。     

水溶性有机质对土壤及底泥中汞吸附行为的影响

以重庆市2种耕作土(黄壤和中性紫色土)及鱼塘底泥为试验材料,分别添加提取自腐殖土的DOM(DOMh),提取自稻草的DOM(DOM)和提取自污泥堆肥的DOM(DOMa),研究DOM对土壤及底泥中Hg的吸附行为的影响.结果表明.DOM对土壤及底泥中汞的吸附行为均有一定的抑制作用,这种抑制作用与DOM种类和试验材料的性质有关.添加不同来源的DOM,对Hg的抑制作用具体表现为:DOMh>DOMr>DOMa;添加同一种DOM时,对Hg吸附的抑制作用表现为鱼塘底泥>紫色土>黄壤.     

长三角和珠三角土壤中汞的化学形态、转化和吸附特性

为了解长江三角洲和珠江三角洲农业土壤中汞的积累可能产生的环境影响,选择10个代表性农业土壤样品,研究了土壤中汞的化学形态、积累过程中形态的转化及吸附-解吸行为.研究表明,当无外源汞加入时,长江三角洲和珠江三角洲农业土壤中,汞主要以稳定的残余态形式存在.但随着汞加入量的增加,土壤中可交换态汞显著增加,增加程度与土壤性质有关.土壤pH是影响土壤汞有效性最重要的因素,其对土壤汞的吸附、解吸、形态转化和存在形态均有很大影响.土壤酸化可促进土壤汞的释放,加剧对环境的危害,防治土壤酸化也可有效降低土壤中汞对环境的危害.     

Evaluation of mercury speciation and removal through air pollution control devices of a 190 MW boiler

Air pollution control devices (APCDs) are installed at coal-fired power plants for air pollutant regulation. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems have the co-benefits of air pollutant and mercury removal. Configuration and operational conditions of APCDs and mercury speciation a ect mercury removal e ciently at coal-fired utilities. The Ontario Hydro Method (OHM) recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was used to determine mercury speciation simultaneously at five sampling locations through SCR-ESP-FGD at a 190 MW unit. Chlorine in coal had been suggested as a factor a ecting the mercury speciation in flue gas; and low-chlorine coal was purported to produce less oxidized mercury (Hg2+) and more elemental mercury (Hg0) at the SCR inlet compared to higher chlorine coal. SCR could oxidize elemental mercury into oxidized mercury when SCR was in service, and oxidation e ciency reached 71.0%. Therefore, oxidized mercury removal e ciency was enhanced through a wet FGD system. In the non-ozone season, about 89.5%–96.8% of oxidized mercury was controlled, but only 54.9%–68.8% of the total mercury was captured through wet FGD. Oxidized mercury removal e ciency was 95.9%–98.0%, and there was a big di erence in the total mercury removal e ciencies from 78.0% to 90.2% in the ozone season. Mercury mass balance was evaluated to validate reliability of OHM testing data, and the ratio of mercury input in the coal to mercury output at the stack was from 0.84 to 1.08.