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《环境科学与技术》2017,(9)
为解决城市污水排放磷超标的问题,本研究制备出一种新型铝铁复合混凝剂。混凝剂以粉煤灰和铝土矿为原料,采用常压高温酸碱两段改性法制备,并研究了其除磷性能及机理。结果表明:(1)最佳制备条件为:碱改性过程使用4 mol/L Na OH溶液,温度100℃,时间2 h;酸改性过程使用2 mol/L盐酸,温度100℃,时间4 h;酸性上清液与碱性上清液比例为1∶16。(2)混凝剂对污水中TP去除率达97.73%,出水TP含量为0.132 0 mg/L,优于《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准。(3)对新型混凝剂进行表征测试发现,混凝剂主要由Al Cl_3·6H_2O、Na Cl、KMg F_3、Na_3Al H_x、Sr Fe O_(2.5)构成,主要有效成分为Al_2O_3(13.343%)、Fe_2O_3(5.497%)及Si O_2(17.920%)等。混凝剂投入水中后,其中的铁离子和铝离子及其水解产物形成Fe_3(OH)_2~(7+)、Al_n(OH)_m~((3n-m)+)等不饱和多羟基络合离子,并从溶液中吸取羟基来补充其未饱和位,从而对水中聚磷酸盐等胶体颗粒产生强烈吸附作用。同时,由于混凝剂表面粗糙,孔隙发达,比表面积大,可进一步提高其除磷效果。 相似文献
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The aim of the present work was to produce a polyaluminium ferric silicate chloride (PAFSiC) coagulant from acidic and alkaline
wastewater of purifying graphite by roasting, and subsequently to evaluate coagulation efficiency of the reagent by treating surface
water from the Yellow River as well as municipal wastewater in comparison with the conventional coagulant polyaluminium chloride
(PAC). The PAFSiC coagulant was prepared by co-polymerization. The effects of (Al+Fe)/Si molar ratio, OH/(Al+Fe) molar ratio (i.e.,
value), coagulant dosage and pH value of test suspension on the coagulation behavior of FAFSiC and the stability of the PAFSiC were
also examined. Results showed that PAFSiC performed more efficiently than PAC in removing turbidity, chemical oxygen demand
(COD), and total phosphate (TP). The PAFSiC with a
value of 2.0 and (Al+Fe)/Si ratio of 5 (PAFSiC 2.0/5) showed excellent
coagulation effect for both turbidity and COD, while PAFSiC 1.0/5 was the best for TP. The optimum coagulation pH range of PAFSiC
2.0/5 was 5.0–9.0, slightly wider than that of PAC (6.0–8.0). The process can be easily incorporated into high-purity graphite production
plants, thereby reducing wastewater pollution and producing a valuable coagulant. 相似文献
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以Al2(SO)4和PDMDAAC为原料进行了无机-有机复合絮凝剂的复合实验研制,确定其制备工艺条件,并对油田现场采集的钻井废水作絮凝沉降实验,所研制的PAS-PDMDAAC复合絮凝剂对COD的去除效率可大大提高. 相似文献
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Aquatic fungi are common in various aqueous environments and play potentially crucial roles in nutrient and carbon cycling as well as interacting with other organisms. Species of Aspergillus are the most common fungi that occur in water. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the efficacy of two coagulants, aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride, used at different concentrations to treat drinking water, in removing Aspergillusflavus, as well as testing three different filtration media: sand, activated carbon, and ceramic granules, for their removal of fungi from water. The results revealed that both coagulants were effective in removing fungi and decreasing the turbidity of drinking water, and turbidity decreased with increasing coagulant concentration. Also, at the highest concentration of the coagulants, A. flavus was decreased by 99.6% in the treated water. Among ceramic granules, activated carbon, and sand used as media for water filtration, the sand and activated carbon filters were more effective in removing A.flavus than ceramic granules while simultaneously decreasing the turbidity levels in the test water samples. Post-treatment total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations in the experimental water did not decrease; on the contrary, TN concentrations increased with the increasing dosage of coagulants. The filtration process had no effect in reducing TOC and TN in tested water. 相似文献
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稀土在废水处理中的应用进展 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
综述了国内稀土金属在废水处理中的最新应用进展,总结了稀土复合吸附剂的制备方法及其在含磷、氨氮、砷、氟、铬、镉等废水处理中的效果,讨论了稀土复合混凝剂和稀土催化剂在染料、助剂、化工等高浓度有机废水处理中的应用,为找到高效环保的处理工业废水的方法提供了依据. 相似文献
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在室温条件下,分别选用聚合氯化铝(PAC)、聚合氯化铝铁(PAFC)及三氯化铁(FeCl3)对玉米深加工废水进行混凝实验。综合考虑各种混凝剂对磷、COD以及SS的去除效果,最终选取PAC作为混凝剂。采用PAC和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)作为复合混凝剂,对其去除效果做进一步研究,并确定了最佳投加量及pH值。实验结果表明,在PAC投加量25mg/L,PAM投加量0.5 mg/L,pH为8条件下,混凝效果最佳。磷、COD、SS去除率可分别达到90.1%、53.3%和88.2%,对应的出水质量浓度分别为0.41、26.8和2 mg/L。 相似文献