废聚苯乙烯的化学回收方法

废聚乙烯（ＰＳ）转化为燃料油和化学品的化学回收方法,分为废ＰＳ单独裂解及废ＰＳ与其它废塑料混合裂解两种方式,分别阐述了两种回收方式的研究成果和工艺现状,并就存在的问题进行了讨论。     

MTBE装置火灾爆炸危险性评价

本文运用美国道化学公司危险指数评价法对MIBE装置进行定量化的安全评价，说明装置建成后，其固有的危险便客观存在，由于设计时采用了一些安全措施，起到了安全补偿作用，使实际的危险程度达到可接受的范围；同时通过评价，识别导致事故的危险因素，完善安全措施，可以进一步降低装置的风险度。     

尿素的新用途

尿素用作肥料已是众所周知,但最近科学家为尿素找到了新用途,即用它来净化汽车的尾气.荷兰国家实验室TNO的研究人员说,从尿素中得到的一种化学制品可以减少柴油发动机排放的氮氧化物达80%.一台用尿素净化尾气的柴油发动机卡车开始在北爱尔兰的一个实验室进行试验,以确定它是否可以在整个欧洲的公路上行驶.荷兰国家实验室的研究人员说,用来净化汽油发动机的催化裂化器无法在柴油发动机上使用,因为柴油发动机的废气中氧含量太高.     

Volatilization behaviors of diesel oil from the soils

The volatilization of diesel oil, Shengli crude oil and 90 # gasoline on glass surface of petri dishes were conducted at the ambient temperature of 25℃. Diesel oil evaporates in a power manner, where the loss of mass is approximately power with time. 90 # gasoline evaporates in a logarithmic with time. Where as the volatilization of Shengli crude oil fit either the logarithmic or power equation after different time, and has similar R^2 . And the effects of soil type and diesel oil and water content on volatilization behavior in unsaturated soil were studied in this paper. Diesel oil and water content in the soils play a large role in volatilization from soils. Appropriate water helps the wicking action but too much water stops it. The wicking action behaves differently in four different types of soils in the same volatilization experiment of 18% diesel oil content and air-dry condition.     

Isolation and characterization of gasoline-degrading bacteria from gas station leaking-contaminated soils

The effects of culture conditions in vitro and biosurfactant detection were studied on bacterial strains capable of degrading gasoline from contaminated soils near gas station. The main results were summarized as follows. Three bacteria （strains Q10, Q14 and Q18） that were considered as efficiently degrading strains were isolated and identified as Pseudomonas sp., Flavobaeterium sp. and Rhodococcus sp., respectively. The optimal growth conditions of three bacteria including pH, temperature and the concentration of gasoline were similar. The reduction in surface tension was observed with all the three bacteria, indicating the production of biosurfactant compounds. The value of surface tension reduced by the three strains Q10, Q14 and Q18 was 32.6 mN.m, 12.4 mN. m and 21.9 mN.m, respectively. Strain Q10 could be considered as a potential biosurfactant producer. Gasoline, diesel oil, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene （BTEX） could easily be degraded by the three isolates. The consortium was more effective than the individual cultures in degrading added gasoline, diesel oil, and BTEX. These results indicate that these strains have great potential for in situ remediation of soils contaminated by gas station leaking.     

谨防汽油中毒

1998年7月24日8点30分左右,某成品油码头一艘汽油油船正进行清仓工作。由于清仓油泵发生故障,船上两位工作人员对其进行维修,工作人员甲下仓维修,工作人员乙在仓口做辅助工作。在维修中,汽油泄漏,仓中逐渐弥漫汽油蒸气。大约一刻钟后,甲突然歪倒在一边。乙知道甲已经中毒,一边大喊救人,一边下仓抢救,但还未到仓底,就出现中毒症状,随即往仓口爬,在前来抢救的工作人员帮助下,     

浙江省特检院发布杭州首个油罐车油气回收统计分析报告

近日,浙江省特检院联合杭州市环保局发布了2017年度杭州市油罐车油气回收统计分析报告,这也是杭州市首个关于油罐车油气治理的年报。 2017年杭州市政府将＂持续深化治水治气＂列为2017年度＂为民办实事＂十大工程之首,明确要求杭州市全年需完成回收汽油1000t以上。     

汽油中典型苯系物在静止水相中的溶解及乙醇增溶效应研究

汽油中典型苯系物(苯、甲苯、乙苯和3种二甲苯的同分异构体,统称BTEX)在含水介质中的溶解情况直接关系到下游BTEX污染程度和污染范围,是汽油泄漏区制定污染场地修复计划的关键资料。为探究汽油BTEX在静止水相中的溶解情况及乙醇对BTEX溶解的影响,利用微元体开展了传统汽油和乙醇汽油(乙醇体积分数10%)静态溶解批实验。结果表明:在静止水相中,油水体积比为1∶70的条件下,水相中BTEX浓度在前9天呈线性快速上升,第13天后进入平衡状态,平衡质量浓度为119.63～130.76mg/L,溶解速度为8.39～13.75mg/(L·d)。乙醇对汽油中的BTEX有一定增溶作用,但效果不明显,且BTEX在乙醇汽油中的溶解速度比传统汽油慢。砂层对BTEX存在吸附作用,可以增强BTEX的溶解。Raoult定律能较好地预测汽油BTEX在静止水相中的溶解,其中高溶解度组分苯和甲苯的实测浓度与预测浓度较为接近。     

2009年7月1日起旋行的国家环境保护标准

1、重型车用汽油发动机与汽车排气污染物排放限值及测量方法（中国Ⅲ、Ⅳ阶段）（GB14762—2008） 本标准规定了重型车用汽油发动机与汽车排气污染物排放限值及测量方法、车载诊断（OBD）系统的技术要求及试验方法。