废弃印刷线路板中材料的资源化回收利用技术

废弃印刷线路板(WPCBs)既有污染环境的一面,又有可资源化回收利用的一面。通过机械物理法、热解、超临界流体氧化和离子液体溶解等方法对其进行分离和回收金属和非金属材料。初步分选的金属需要进一步提纯以实现高附加值。而非金属材料可以用热解法、微波处理、超临界流体技术、等离子技术等技术进行产气和能量回收,也可以通过制备建筑材料或填料和其它功能村料进行物料回收。总之,对WPCBs进行适当地处理不但可以减轻环境压力,还可以变废为宝,实现资源再生利用。     

绍兴部分河道水中重金属的检测及污染评估

为探索绍兴部分河道水中重金属元素的含量,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)方法测定绍兴河道水中铬、锰、铁、汞、铅、镍、锡、镉、砷、铜、锌和钴12种重金属元素含量。参照国家有关标准,对重金属检测结果进行与国标标准限值进行比较而达到对重金属的污染评价。结果表明:绍兴部分河流不存在重金属污染情况,但个别元素接近标准限值。     

电感耦合等离子法测定环境积尘中铅的研究

用细毛刷清扫收集普通居民房顶积尘,参照土壤样品预处理方法-普通酸分解法处理样品,以国标样品、不确定度实验、加标回收实验为质控手段,探索采用电感耦合等离子法测定环境积尘中铅的含量。实验结果表明,该法能将积尘样品完全消解,且电感耦合等离子法测试方法性能稳定、快速、准确,优于其他方法。     

Remediation of soil heavily polluted with polychlorinated biphenyls using a low-temperature plasma technique

Polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs） were removed by low-temperature plasma technique （dielectric barrier discharge） from heavily polluted soil and their intermediate products were analyzed. The removal rate ranged from 40.1 to 84.6% by different treatments, and they were also influenced significantly （P 〈 0.01） by soil particle-size, electric power, gas flow rate and reaction time. The optimal reaction conditions of PCB removal from the soil were obtained experimentally when soil particle-size, electrical power, flow rate and reaction time were 5-10mm, 21w, 120mL. rain and 90rain, respectively. However, decreasing electrical power, flow rate and reaction time to 18 w, 60 mL. min- and 60 min respectively were also acceptable in view of the cost of remediation. This technique was characterized by the additional advantage of thorough oxidation of PCBs in the soil, with no formation of intermediate products after reaction. The technique therefore shows some promise for application in the remediation of soils contaminated with persistent organic pollutants in brown field sites in urban areas.     

无锡市江南给排水设备厂

本厂是水处理设备的专业生产厂家．自1993年成立以来．产品已在各石油、石化等大型企业广泛应用。本厂技术力量雄厚．现有技术人员15名．高级职称5名．各类高级技工26名。拥有现代化生产车间2500多平方米．具有车、钻、冲压．折弯，卷板等机械加工设备、喷砂除锈室等加工设备以及交直流焊、氩弧焊、等离子切割机等焊接设备共计近首台套．并且具有完善的检验、试验装置：如水压试验机、水泵测验台、空气压缩机等一应俱全。     

江西地域煤炭中重金属元素分布研究

通过微波消解、电感耦合等离子发射光谱法(ICP-OES)分析了江西区域各煤矿煤中Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb和Zn等7种金属元素的含量,该7种金属元素在0～5ppm的浓度区间具有良好的线性关系,其相关系数r≥0.9997;回收率为92.55%～114.27%,实验数据真实可靠,结果表明:江西地域煤炭中重金属含量分布较广,各地域煤炭中各金属元素的分布与当地环境有关。     

共面多氯联苯抗体的制备及其用表面等离子共振方法检测的应用研究

根据文献方法获得抗共面多氯联苯(Co-PCBs)的重组抗体的轻链、重链基因序列,并用柔性连接肽(Gly4Ser)3进行连接.然后将获得的重组抗体基因序列通过克隆、表达、纯化、复性等手段得到纯度大于95%的Co-PCBs抗体.最后将Co-PCBs抗体组装到金膜表面,制备成检测用的蛋白芯片,并应用表面等离子共振技术(SPR)对共面多氯联苯中的PCB126进行了检测.结果显示,得到的Co-PCBs抗体特异性强,而且SPR检测方法测定PCB126的检测限为5×10-4pg·L-1,达到环境中Co-PCBs的超痕量检测水平要求.整个检测过程方便快捷、样品用量少、灵敏度高,可为环境中多氯联苯的实时检测研究提供指导.     

等离子体技术在危险废物处理中的运用

文章介绍了等离子产生的方法和原理,通过实例说明等离子高温反应器和氧化反应器处理危险废物及废气的工艺过程以及关键设备的构造,论述了等离子技术特点.     

Performance tests of newly developed adsorption/plasma combined system for decomposition of volatile organic compounds under continuous flow condition

The adsorption/plasma decomposition with the combination of adsorption honeycomb-sheets and a plasma element is a new technology for small-sized apparatuses to decompose volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at concentrations lower than about 100 ppm. The feasibility of the prototype adsorption/plasma decomposition apparatus was evaluated with the simulated exhausts containing one VOC component and with real exhausts from a painting booth and an adhesion factory. The apparatus decomposed VOCs e ectively at the painting booth exhaust but not always satisfactorily at the adhesion factory exhaust. The performance test results with real exhausts were discussed with respect to the concentration and discharge pattern of the exhausts and the basic properties of the system such as cooperation of adsorption and plasma reaction and the concentration dependence of the performance.     

工业恶臭废气治理方案探讨

恶臭污染是大气、水、废弃物等物质中的异味通过空气介质作用于人的嗅觉思维而感知的一种感知(嗅觉)污染[1]。除硫化氢和氨外,这些恶臭物质大都为有机物,而且是挥发性有机物(VOCs)。本方案提供了一套通用的恶臭异味治理装置,针对恶臭异味的化学组分,从根本上治理恶臭废气污染。