危险废物浸出毒性试验方法的研究

在分析各国危险废物浸出毒性试验方法的基础上,综合考虑我国气候状况(降雨量、酸雨现状)及工业固体废物处理处置现状,提出我国危险废物浸出毒性研究的技术路线为:通过模拟工业固体废物填埋场在不规范填埋处置且受酸雨影响条件下,有毒物质浸出向地下渗滤造成对地下水的污染,确定浸出毒性的浸取方法.浸出毒性保护目标为地下水,同时还介绍了主要技术参数液固比、浸取剂pH值和类型的确定方法.     

Selective and sensitive extractive spectrophotometric determination of micro amounts of palladium(II) in spiked samples: using a new reagent N-ethyl-3-carbazolecarbaxaledehydethiosemicarbazone

N-Ethyl-3-cabazolecarboxaldehydethiosemicarbazone (ECCT) is proposed as a new, sensitive and selective complexing reagent for the separation and extractive spectrophotometric determination of palladium(II) at pH: 4.0 to form a yellowish orange colored 1:1 chelate complex, which is very well extracted in to n-butanol. The absorbance was measured at a maximum wavelength, 410 nm. This method obeys Beer’s law in the concentration range 0.0–6.6 μg mL⁻¹ and the correlation coefficient of Pd(II)-ECCT complex is 0.998, which indicates an excellent linearity between the two variables with good molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity, 1.647 × 10⁴ l mol⁻¹cm⁻¹, 6.49 × 10⁻³ μg cm⁻², respectively. The instability constant of complex calculated from Edmond’s method, 2.724 × 10⁻⁵ was in good agreement with the value calculated from Asmus’ method 2.624 × 10⁻⁵, at room temperature. The precision and accuracy of the method is checked with calculation of relative standard deviation (n = 5), 0.839. Edmond’s method was observed to be a more selective method in the presence of EDTA, oxalate and phosphate ions. The method was successfully applied for the determination of Pd(II) in water samples, synthetic mixtures and hydrogenation catalysts, employing an atomic absorption spectrometer for comparing these results.     

江苏省国家重点监控企业不达标原因及对策

统计了2014年以来江苏省国控企业不达标情况。从企业和环境保护部门两方面对国控企业不达标原因进行了分析。指出,企业应承担起污染治理的主体责任,健全企业环境保护制度;加强污染治理技术的研发及提高运维管理队伍的专业化水平,以适应新环保法的要求;环境监管部门强化执法宣传及违法行为的查处力度,让企业主动守法;加强国控企业环境信息的公开及宣传力度,形成良好的社会公众监督氛围;省级人民政府应积极落实国家生态文明建设的总规划,开启新的里程碑。     

New parameterization scheme for effective indices for emissions from road transport

The local to regional processes of chemical transformations, washout and dry deposition cannot be directly resolved in global scale models, they rather need to be parameterized. A suitable way to account for the non-linearity, e.g., in chemical transformation processes, is the use of effective emission indices (EEIs). EEI translate the actual (small scale) emissions into input for global scale models, partially accounting for unresolved processes occurring shortly after the release of the emissions.The emissions from the road traffic have some specifics, because of which the concept of deriving EEI from the interaction of an instantaneous plume with the ambient air is perhaps not so convenient. A new parameterization scheme for the EEI from the road transport is suggested in the present paper, based on few simplifying assumptions and introducing the adjoin equations approach, which makes it possible to achieve unified, not depending on the specific emission pattern, procedure for calculating the EEI from road traffic.     

A model for ecological assessment to pesticide pollution management

Applying the relational analysis in the Grey System Theory and Method, the comprehensive evaluation on five pesticide pollution controlling techniques in the vegetable production has been made and a comprehensive profit (cp–comprehensive cost (cc) evaluation system (composed of 15 comprehensive cost indices and 14 comprehensive profit indices) has been established, with a index optimization matrix of comprehensive cost indices and comprehensive profit indices obtained and a ratio model of comprehensive cost to comprehensive profit (R_cc/cp) built. Results show that the R_cc/cp value of vegetables intercropping soybeans in insect-proof thin film greenhouses is the smallest and the R_cc/cp value of vegetables intercropping taros in insect-proof net greenhouses, pheromones in insect-proof thin film greenhouses, pheromones in insect-proof thin film greenhouses and ground planting (only using chemical pesticide for insect-proof without covering materials and synthetic sex pheromone) other four techniques are 0.6268, 0.6393, 0.6407, 0.9809 respectively. In accordance with the R_cc/cp value, vegetables intercropping soybeans in insect-proof thin film greenhouses can be the most optimized pesticide pollution controlling technique in the vegetable growing.     

降水入渗补给地下水过程分析

该文总结了降水入渗补给的模式,通过分析活塞式降水入渗、降水入渗补给的滞后和延迟、降水入渗优先补给等,研究了土壤不同岩性、不同埋深、不同降水时段与不同土壤含水量条件下的降水入渗补给过程．图5,表1,参8．     

某炼钢厂净、浊循环系统水质稳定配方相互影响的研究

通过对照实验,研究了净循环系统中A系列药剂缓蚀、阻垢的效果,以及循环系统中加入A、B两系列药剂对缓蚀、阻垢的影响,说明了在B系列药剂存在的循环系统中加入A系列药剂,其缓蚀、阻垢效果基本上不产生相互影响.     

电磁辐射场对工业微生物生长的影响

为研究电磁辐射场对微生物细胞的“非热效应”,选用几株工业微生物（产L－精氨酸钝齿棒状杆菌A6,产L－赖氨酸钝齿棒状杆菌LB6和产胞内SOD酶酵母菌S1）进行了初步探讨,试验结果表明,置于2μm-1mm频段电磁场接受辐射处理后的试验样本细胞对热的承受能力提高,表现为在较高温度下细胞生长速度的增加,处于对数生长期的细胞对辐射刺激有更明显的敏感反应,较低pH可以一定程度地强化辐射处理的效果,试验结果还进一步证明了以上效应产生于电磁辐射场的“非热效应”,而不是简单的热效应或微生物的自发突变。     

天津市陆源污染物允许排海量的研究

渤海近岸海域污染已是约环渤海地区社会经济的发展。本文对配合天津市主要污染物总量控制,对天津市陆源主要污染物允许排海量的功能区划原则,水环境主要污染物,总量,主要污染物允许排海量的数学模型,陆源主要污染物允许排海量的计算依据等进行了阐述,同时对主要排污口主要污染物允许排海量及其消减量进行了计算。     

Buying Time: Real and Hypothetical Offers

This article provides the results of a field test of contingent valuation estimates within a willingness to accept framework. Using dichotomous choice questions in telephone–mail–telephone interviews, we compare survey respondents' responses to real and hypothetical offers for the opportunity to spend time in a second set of interviews on an undisclosed topic. Five hundred and forty people were randomly split between the real and hypothetical treatments. Our findings indicate no significant differences between people's choices with real and hypothetical offers. Choice models werenotsignificantly different between real and hypothetical offers.