污染土壤修复技术研究现状与趋势

生态保护工作的发展包括环境保护和污染治理两个方面,为了保证生态环境的健康发展,必须要同时做好这两方面工作。在污染治理过程中土壤修复是重要的治理内容,也是污染治理的重要研究方法。本文主要对污染土壤修复技术研究现状进行分析,并对其未来的发展趋势进行预测。     

探究生态环境监测的现状及发展趋势

近年来,我国的生态环境遭到破坏的情况越来越严重,社会各界都开始关注生态环境问题,环境污染问题仅是其中的一部分,最主要的生态文明建设、生态环境和保护问题,以及资源的可持续发展和利用。我国在生态环境的污染和破坏方面的监测水平仍然不够先进。如果仅凭借理化指标和生物指标来进行监测,其监测的有效性不高,在未来,生态监测是环境监测的发展趋势。     

新形势下环境监测科技发展现状与展望

随着新时代的全面到来,我国对于生态环境的重视程度也在不断提高,社会民众的环保意识也变得越来越高。在这种大背景下,环境监测科技得到了全面的发展,同时在我国各个地区也开始广泛的应用。本文先阐述了新形势下环境监测科技的发展现状,从信息化技术的深层次应用、形成多元化与多层次的监测技术格局、构成创新化的环境监测技术体系、逐步实现监测人员专业素质水平的提升四个方面,综合全面探讨了新形势下环境监测科技的发展与展望。     

660家企业实施安全评价工作绩效现状分析

通过对16个行业的660家生产经营单位的调研,依据安全评价前企业的安全状况,安全评价过程中企业对项目厂址选择、工艺方案调整情况、企业对提出的对策措施的整改情况,安全评价后企业在安全设施、安全管理水平、事故发生频率等方面的改进情况,得出企业实施安全评价工作后的实际绩效,并指出目前企业安全评价工作存在的一些问题。同时,针对所存在的问题提出合理而可行的对策措施。     

对加强和改进高校德育教育工作的刍议——基于大学生道德修养状况调查结果的几点思考

本文通过对部分大学生道德修养状况调查资料的分析,说明当前大学生的道德修养状况整体上良好,但也存在一些问题,如在部分学生中出现了个人利己主义和享乐主义倾向,对于一些道德问题的看法,存在着认识上的误区。针对这些问题,本文初步探讨了如何加强和改进高校德育教育工作,包括坚持以人为本理念,增强德育教育工作主动性;着眼学生思想特点,增强德育教育工作针对性;抓好德育方法创新,增强德育教育工作科学性。     

环境保护的公众参与现状、问题及对策

本文从我国环境保护公众参与进程缓慢的历史和参与意识日益提高的现状出发,分析了目前我国环境保护的公众参与存在缺乏相应的法律制度保障、公众主动了解环保知识不足、参与机制不健全、渠道不顺畅等问题,提出了以加强环境信息公开、环境决策民主化,建立和发展环保社团等办法推动公众参与环境保护的对策。     

Hazard mitigation or mitigation hazard?

BACKGROUND, AIM AND SCOPE: Transgenic oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.; OSR) is estimated to be environmentally and economically problematic because volunteers and ferals occur frequently and because of its hybridisation potential with several wild and weedy species. A proposed mitigation strategy aims to reduce survival, in particular in conventional OSR crops, by coupling the transgenic target modification with a dwarfing gene to reduce competitive fitness. Our study allowed us to access potential ecological implications of this strategy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: On a large scale (>500 km(2)), we recorded phenological and population parameters of oilseed rape plants for several years in rural and urban areas of Northern Germany (Bremen and surroundings). The characterising parameter were analysed for differences between wild and cultivated plants. RESULTS: In rural areas, occurrences of feral and volunteer OSR together had an average density of 1.19 populations per square kilometre, in contrast to urban areas where we found 1.68 feral populations per square kilometre on average. Throughout the survey, the vegetation cover at the locations with feral OSR ranged from less than 10% to 100%. Our investigations gave clear empirical evidence that feral OSR was, on average, at least 41% smaller than cultivated OSR, independent of phenological state after onset of flowering. DISCUSSION: The findings can be interpreted as phenotypic adaptation of feral OSR plants. Therefore, it must be asked whether dwarfing could be interpreted as an improvement of pre-adaptation to feral environments. In most of the sites where feral plants occurred, germination and establishment were in locations with disturbed vegetation cover, allowing initial growth without competition. Unless feral establishment of genetically modified dwarfed traits are specifically studied, it would not be safe to assume that the mitigation strategy of dwarfing also reduces dispersal in feral environments. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: With respect to OSR, we argue that the proposed mitigation approach could increase escape and persistence of transgene varieties rather than reducing them. We conclude that the development of effective hazard mitigation measures in the risk evaluation of genetically modified organisms requires thorough theoretical and empirical ecological analyses rather than assumptions about abstract fitness categories that apply only in parts of the environment where the plant can occur.     

公路建设项目安全状况评价方法

为了对公路建设项目安全生产状态进行客观的、准确的评价,在借鉴国内外安全评价方法的基础上,构建了3层次的公路建设项目安全生产评价指标体系,明确了项目安全4等级划分,确立了指标权重分配,并基于模糊综合评价理论,建立了一种公路建设项目安全生产综合评价方法。经实例验证,该方法不仅能客观地反映公路建设项目安全状态,还能实现不同项目间安全状态的比较,便于监督部门实现差别式管理,对危险项目进行重点监督与检查。     

广东沿海风暴潮灾害应急管理初探

广东沿海由于特殊的地理位置和气候条件,是风暴潮灾害的高发区。在分析广东沿海风暴潮灾害特点、广东省风暴潮灾害防御体系建设现状的基础上,总结了广东沿海风暴潮灾害应急管理中存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策和建议,可供工程技术人员和政府管理人员参考。     

府河双流段水污染现状及控制对策

本文对府河双流段九三年至九八年连续六年的水质监测数据进行了总结,分析了府河双流段水质污染的现状和特点。提出了控制府河双流段水污染的对策建议。