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41.
Ismail Hossain M El-Harbawi M Noaman YA Bustam MA Alitheen NB Affandi NA Hefter G Yin CY 《Chemosphere》2011,84(1):101-104
Eight hydroxylammonium-based room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) have been synthesized by acid-base neutralization of ethanolamines with organic acids. The ILs were characterized by infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies and elemental analysis. Their anti-microbial activities were determined using the well-diffusion method. All eight ILs were toxic to Staphylococcus aureus, while 2-hydroxyethylammonium lactate and 2-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylethanaminium acetate showed high anti-microbial activity against a wide range of human pathogens. 相似文献
42.
To identify a superior explosion suppressant for Al-Mg alloy dust explosion, the inhibition effects of Al(OH)3 and Mg(OH)2 powders on Al-Mg alloy explosion were investigated. A flame propagation suppression experiment was carried out using a modified Hartmann tube experimental system, an explosion pressure suppression experiment was carried out using a 20-L spherical explosion experimental system, and the suppression mechanisms of the two kinds of powders on Al-Mg alloy dust explosion were further investigated. The results demonstrate that by increasing the mass percentages of Al(OH)3 and Mg(OH)2, the flame height, flame propagation speed and explosion pressure of deflagration can be effectively reduced. When 80% Mg(OH)2 powder was added, the explosion pressure was reduced to less than 0.1 MPa, and the explosion was restrained. Due to the strong polarity of the surface of Mg(OH)2, agglomeration easily occurs; hence, when the added quantity is small, the inhibition effect is weaker than that of Al(OH)3. Because the Mg(OH)2 decomposition temperature is higher, the same quantity absorbs more heat and exhibits stronger adsorption of free radicals. Therefore, to fully suppress Al-Mg alloy explosion, the suppression effect of Mg(OH)2 powder is better. 相似文献
43.
44.
Coal dust explosion is one of the serious accidents in the coal industry. It is of great significance to study the flame suppression of coal dust explosions. In this paper, a novel active component NiB with amorphous structure for explosion suppression was synthesized by the chemical reduction method. Furthermore, the novel explosion suppressant NiB/Hβ-Al2O3 was prepared through the kneading method by loading novel amorphous NiB nanoparticles on Hβ-Al2O3 with the micro-mesoporous structure as the carrier. The morphology and structure of NiB/Hβ-Al2O3 were characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, and FTIR, which showed that the NiB/Hβ-Al2O3 has proper pore structure and NiB nanoparticles are uniformly distributed as active components for explosion suppression in suppressant. Hartmann tube was used to evaluate the inhibition of coal dust deflagration. The results showed that the flame propagation distance and velocity decreased with the increase of the explosion suppressant. When the addition of explosion suppressant was 30 wt%, the explosion of coal dust was suppressed effectively. Furthermore, combing with the analysis results of the products after coal dust deflagration, the physical and chemical inhibition mechanism of the novel NiB/Hβ-Al2O3 explosion suppressant on coal dust deflagration was put forward. 相似文献
45.
The inhibition mechanism of gas-solid inhibitors on Al dust explosion was investigated experimentally in a closed cuboid chamber. The variation of parameters concerning flame propagation characteristic and explosion severity used to reflect the synergistic inhibition effect of gas-solid inhibitors on Al dust explosion were elucidated. The results showed that flame propagation velocity and explosion overpressure were inhibited with the increase of gas-solid inhibitors. The inhibition curves of gas-solid inhibitors within the experimental range were further obtained. The reason concerning the SEEP phenomenon was revealed through the GC-MS analysis. The combustion of ammonia enhanced the explosion overpressure when solid inhibitors performed at low concentration. The gas-phase product could be regarded as the inert gas as long as enough amount of inhibitors were added. To comprehend the inhibition mechanism of gas-solid inhibitors, X-ray diffraction was applied to figure out the crystal structure of explosion residue. The results indicated that both physical and chemical inhibition effects were imposed on Al dust explosion by gas-solid inhibitors, including endothermic decomposition, dilution of oxidizer, coverage of Al dust, and scavenger of free radicals. The results of this study will provide a scientific basis for the design of inhibition technology for the dust explosion. 相似文献
46.
Experimental research on inhibition performances of the sand-suspended colloid for coal spontaneous combustion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yong-liang Xu De-ming WangLan-yun Wang Xiao-xing ZhongTing-xiang Chu 《Safety Science》2012,50(4):822-827
Serious mine fire disasters have occurred in Northwest China where there are abundant coal resources. For the shortage of water and loess, a large cost of conventional grouting slurry is needed. However, plenty of sand and fly ash resources have been found there. In order to improve the quality of sand injection and reduce the wastage of water during grouting, a kind of new compound material of sand-suspended colloid, which is composed of mineral inorganic gel and organic polymer, was developed in this paper. And the inhibition performance experiments of the sand-suspended colloid were carried out. The results show that the sand-suspended colloid efficaciously affected the oxidation characteristics above the critical temperature during the acceleration oxidation of the lignite and fat-gas coal samples and restrained the oxidation course by increasing the activation energy, so that it reduced the contents of CO and C2H4 and depressed the oxidation rate during the coal spontaneous combustion, and finally inhibited the coal spontaneous combustion. 相似文献
47.
Effect of self-inhibition at a flame propagation in rich gaseous mixtures of combustible–air–diluent
V.V. Azatyan Yu.N. Shebeko A.Yu. Shebeko V.Yu. Navzenya 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2007,20(4-6):486-493
An analysis of published experimental data characterizing the influence of diluents of various chemical nature (both halogenated and chemically inert) on upper flammability limits of flammable gases in air (methane and hydrogen have been considered as examples) has been done. Dependences of critical oxygen concentration and critical fuel equivalence ratio cr for mixtures combustible–air–diluent at upper flammability limits on diluent concentration were determined. The obtained data were interpreted on the basis of the concept of self-inhibition at combustion of rich mixtures of organic combustibles in air. A method for evaluation of relative effectiveness of various inhibitors and for determination of availability of self-inhibitive properties of a combustible gas has been proposed. 相似文献
48.
The effect of ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) and urea (CO(NH2)2) on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) formation from active carbon was investigated in this study. Both additives could significantly inhibit PCDD/F formation, and PCDD/F (TEQ) generation was reduced to 98.5% (98%) or 64.5% (77.2%) after 5% (NH4)2S04 or CO(NH2)2 was added into model ash, respectively. The inhibition efficiency of PCDDs was higher than the value of PCDFs, however, the reduction of PCDD/F yield was mainly from PCDFs decreasing. In addition, the solid-phase products were reduced more than the gas-phase compounds by inhibitors. By the measurement of chlorine emission in the phase of ion (Cl[Cl^-]) and molecule gas (Cl[Cl2]), it was observed that both Cl[Cl^-] and Cl[Cl2] were reduced after inhibitors were added into ash. Cl[Cl2] was reduced to 51.0% by urea addition, which was supposed as one possible mechanism of PCDD/F inhibition. 相似文献
49.
用静态法研究水质稳定剂HEDP、EDTA的阻垢性能。结果表明在常温下单独使用HEDP,阻垢率可达86%,单独使用EDTA阻垢率可达70%,其阻垢率随温度升高皆降低。二者协同作用阻垢率可达98%以上。 相似文献
50.