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101.
通过分析不同填埋结构下渗滤液回灌对填埋垃圾产生的渗滤液水质的影响,进一步验证"生物反应器"的原理,为今后垃圾填埋场合理选择填埋方式及渗滤液回灌的开展提供相应参数。 相似文献
102.
城市垃圾渗滤液的处理是垃圾填埋场运行管理中非常重要的问题。文章介绍了垃圾渗滤液性质及处理工艺的现状,并结合工程实例进行了分析比较,在此基础上得出了一些结论。 相似文献
103.
A specific leachate that contained 1.036 mg l(-1) of 2-chlorobiphenyl was used in the study (255 mg l(-1) COD and 133 mg l(-1) BOD5). Bench scale (20 l) air stripping trials were used to simulate on a small-scale the treatment potential of this method. Air stripping effectively reduced the leachates COD concentration. Regardless of the volume of air supplied (1-5 l of air per minute) the leachates COD reached a <50 mg l(-1) equilibrium after 96-h exposure, however, increasing the volume of air accelerated the process. In untreated leachate, the LC50 for Asellus aquaticus was 57% v/v leachate in deionised water and 5% for Gammarus pulex (96-h, static LC50 tests without nutrition and oxygen depleting conditions). After being exposed to air stripping, these values rose from 90% to below the LC50 threshold for Asellus when 1-5 l of air per minute were applied and 30-90% for Gammarus. Furthermore, in sub-lethal concentrations of air stripped leachate (leachate that had been exposed to 5-l of air per minute for 96-h) the population dynamics of both test species remained unaltered. 相似文献
104.
Jun Yoshinaga Akiko Kida Osami Nakasugi 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2001,3(1):60-65
Boron has been found in high concentrations in leachates from landfills located throughout Japan. However, the source(s) of
boron in the leachates, i.e., what kind of waste(s) releases this element into the leachate, has not been clarified. In this
study, boron concentrations in leachates from 48 industrial landfills were evaluated, in relation to the categories of waste
constituting the landfill in each of the sites, by multiple regression analysis. The multiple regression analyses were carried
out using the log-transformed boron concentration as a dependent variable and each of 19 categories of industrial waste (according
to the Japanese Waste Disposal and Public Cleansing Law) as independent variables. Stepwise variable selection was employed
in the analyses. Although the significant variable(s) selected varied according to the data sets analyzed (viz., data sets from least controlled landfill sites, from controlled landfill sites, and from both), cinders, slag, and waste
plastics emerged as wastes with positive partial regression coefficients that significantly explained the boron levels in
the leachates. These results indicated that cinders, slag, and waste plastics were the sources of high concentrations of boron
in the leachates. The results of the present exploratory statistical analyses warrant a systematic survey of the boron contents
of, and leachability from, cinders, slag, and waste plastics.
Received: January 17, 2000 / Accepted: July 24, 2000 相似文献
105.
The European Union Landfill Directive calls on member states to reduce the amount of biodegradable municipal solid waste disposed of to landfill. In addition, national waste strategies will require the constituent parts of the United Kingdom to achieve increased household waste recycling and recovery rates. Both these measures will require the development of the infrastructure to support national high-intensity recycling and composting schemes and the construction of at least 35 new municipal waste to energy incinerators. Before plans can be developed for meeting the targets several areas relating to municipal solid waste need to be clarified. Depending on the definition of municipal solid waste, its composition and likely future growth rates the number of incinerators required could be up to 170. 相似文献
106.
107.
Sumayya Mauthoor Romeela Mohee Prakash Kowlesser 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(10):1800-1805
This paper presents an assessment on the wastes namely slag, dust, mill scale and sludge resulting from scrap metal processing. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that there are various ways via which scrap metal processing wastes can be reused or recycled in other applications instead of simply diverting them to the landfill. These wastes are briefly described and an overview on the different areas of applications is presented. Based on the results obtained, the waste generation factor developed was 349.3 kg per ton of steel produced and it was reported that slag represents 72% of the total wastes emanating from the iron and steel industry in Mauritius. Finally the suitability of the different treatment and valorisation options in the context of Mauritius is examined. 相似文献
108.
Alkhafaji R. Abood Jianguo Bao Jiangkun Du Dan Zheng Ye Luo 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(2):439-447
This study describes the complete treatment of non-biodegradable landfill leachate by combined treatment processes. The processes consist of agitation as a novel stripping method used to overcome the ammonia toxicity regarding aerobic microorganisms. The NH3-N removal ratio was 93.9% obtained at pH 11.5 and a gradient velocity (G) 150 s?1 within a five-hour agitation time. By poly ferric sulphate (PFS) coagulation followed the agitation process; chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD5) were removed at 70.6% and 49.4%, respectively at an optimum dose of 1200 mg L?1 at pH 5.0. The biodegradable ratio BOD5/COD was improved from 0.18 to 0.31 during pretreatment step by agitation and PFS coagulation. Thereafter, the effluent was diluted with sewage at a different ratio before it was subjected to sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treatment. Up to 93.3% BOD5, 95.5% COD and 98.1% NH3-N removal were achieved by SBR operated under anoxic–aerobic–anoxic conditions. The filtration process was carried out using sand and carbon as a dual filter media as polishing process. The final effluent concentration of COD, BOD5, suspended solid (SS), NH3-N and total organic carbon (TOC) were 72.4 mg L?1, 22.8 mg L?1, 24.2 mg L?1, 18.4 mg L?1 and 50.8 mg L?1 respectively, which met the discharge standard. The results indicated that a combined process of agitation-coagulation-SBR and filtration effectively eliminated pollutant loading from landfill leachate. 相似文献
109.
Landfill leachate is a complex effluent and it is difficult to deal with. Electrochemical methods have been considered as a promising alternative technology for treatment of landfill leachate with refractory organic contaminants and heavy metals. Peroxi-coagulation (PC) process with iron anode and modified graphite felt cathode was developed for efficient landfill leachate concentrate treatment. Compared to electro-Fenton (EF) and electrocoagulation (EC) processes, the PC process was more cost-effective due to the combined action of •OH oxidation and iron hydroxides coagulation. A maximal TOC removal of 77.2% ± 1.4% was obtained after 360 min at initial pH = 5.0 and current density of 10 mA/cm2. After the PC process, concentrations of all seven heavy metals in the final effluents were below the allowable emission limits given by the present regulatory standards. The method preference for heavy metal removal was PC > EC > EF. Based on the three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with regional integration analysis during the PC treatment, the florescence peaks of both humic acids and fulvic acids disappeared after treatment for 360 min. Decreasing trends were observed in the fluorescent regional standard volumes for aromatic protein I (31.4%), aromatic protein II (63.7%), fulvic acid-like (69.5%), soluble microbial by-product-like (75%) and humic acid-like regions (76.3%). The results indicate that comparing to the EF and EC process, the PC process provide a promising and more cost-effective alternative for the treatment of landfill leachate concentrate. 相似文献
110.
Variation of CH4, CO2, and O2 concentrations in layers of different depths in semi-aerobic and anaerobic landfills was analyzed over a period of 5 years. The results showed that most of the municipal solid waste became basically stable after 5 years of landfill disposal. In the upper and middle layer, the concentration of CH4 in the semi-aerobic landfill was significantly lower than that in the anaerobic landfill in different landfill periods, while in the lower layer, there was little difference in the CH4 concentration between the semi-aerobic and anaerobic landfills. The average concentration of CH4 and CO2 in the anaerobic landfill was always higher than that in the semi-aerobic landfill, while the O2 concentration showed an opposite variation in different landfill periods. This was related to the aerobic reaction of landfill waste around the perforated pipe in the semi-aerobic landfill, which inhibited effective landfill gas generation. 相似文献