一株花生根际促生菌的筛选鉴定及其特性研究

从种植于红壤的健康花生根际,筛选出7株产吲哚乙酸(IAA)菌株,以菌株L4合成IAA的能力最强,培养24 h时IAA产生量达135.67μg.mL-1,且菌株L4具有解磷能力。通过菌株形态、生理生化特征测定及16SrRNA的保守序列鉴定,初步确定菌株L4为氯酚节杆菌(Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus),其GenBank登录号为JQ277449。菌株生长和发酵条件试验结果表明,菌株L4生长和分泌IAA的最佳培养条件并不完全一致,既能促进菌株生长又能合成较多IAA的最佳培养条件是初始pH值为5～6,装液量为50 mL.(250 mL)-1,30℃摇床培养24 h;促进菌株生长的最佳碳、氮源分别是麦芽糖和酵母粉,而提高IAA产生量的最佳碳源是木糖,最佳氮源是KNO3。     

新型催化法烟气脱硫技术在冶炼尾气治理工程中的应用

介绍了一种新型催化法烟气脱硫技术的技术原理和技术特点,它是一种低温催化氧化技术,能将SO2转化为可直接利用或用于生产其他产品的硫酸,不产生二次污染并具有一定经济效益。该技术目前在硫酸行业和冶炼行业已有一定的推广和应用,针对冶炼尾气的特点,分析该技术在尾气治理工程中的设计要点、运行情况和改进措施等。     

用热解石墨管和锆＋酒石酸改进剂测定环境样品中锡

本文提出了一种新的混合改进剂（锆＋酒石酸）,能有效消除高氯酸、硝酸以及各种基体的干扰,比较了各原子化温度时理论和实验特征量,使解热石墨管可可能用于石墨炉原子吸收法测定各种环境样品中的锡,准确度和精度优于８％。     

Recycling and utilization of metabolic wastes for energy production is an index of biochemical adaptation of fish under environmental pollution stress

The activity levels of lactate dehydrogenase andlactic acid were assessed in various tissues of the fishduring exposure to lethal concentration of group-IIPyrethroids (deltamethrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate andfluvalinate) for a period of 72 hours. The results showedsteady increased levels in all the tissues (blood,muscle, brain and liver) with response patterncharacteristic of their own. The increased LDH activityand lactic acid levels indicate the shifting of aerobicglycolysis to anaerobiosis and its further utilizationfor energy production during adaptation to toxic stress.     

Metagenomic insights into responses of microbial population and key functional genes to fulvic acid during partial nitritation

The long-term impact of fulvic acid (FA) on partial nitritation (PN) system was initially examined in this study. The obtained results revealed that the FA lower than 50 mg/L had negligible effect on the nitrite accumulation rate (NAR nearly 100%) and ammonium removal rate (ARR 56.85%), while FA over 50 mg/L decreased ARR from 56.85% to 0.7%. Sludge characteristics analysis found that appropriate FA (<50 mg/L) exposure promoted the settling performance and granulation of PN sludge by removing Bacteroidetes and accumulating Chloroflexi. The analysis of metagenomics suggested that the presence of limited FA (0-50 mg/L) stimulated the generation of NADH, which favors the denitrification and nitrite reduction. The negative impact of FA on the PN system could be divided into two stages. Initially, limited FA (50-120 mg/L) was decomposed by Anaerolineae to stimulate the growth and propagation of heterotrophic bacteria (Thauera). Increasing heterotrophs competed with AOB (Nitrosomonas) for dissolved oxygen, causing AOB to be eliminated and ARR to declined. Subsequently, when FA dosage was over 120 mg/L, Anaerolineae were inhibited and heterotrophic bacteria reduced, resulting in the abundance of AOB recovered. Nevertheless, the ammonium transformation pathway was suppressed because genes amoABC and hao were obviously reduced, leading to the deterioration of reactor performance. Overall, these results provide theoretical guidance for the practical application of PN for the treatment of FA-containing sewage.     

模拟酸雨对龙眼幼果纤维素酶活性和内源激素含量的影响

酸雨胁迫后，龙眼幼果IAA、GA1 3、ZRs、DHZRs、iPAs含量下降，ABA含量升高，生长抑制物ABA和生长促进物(IAA、GA1 3)的比值提高，酸雨胁迫还使纤维素酶活性上升，促进幼果脱落．易脱落幼果的纤维素酶活性和ABA含量高于正常幼果，而IAA、GA1 3、iPAs、ZRs、DHZRs含量低于正常幼果．图6表1参14     

昆明地区酸雨时空分布及其成因初探

对1995－1999年昆明地区降雨监测资料的分析，昆明地区酸雨主要为局 地污染引起的硫酸型酸雨，酸雨污染近五年呈明显上升趋势，在空间分布上，城区酸雨频率和强度均明显强于效县。     

湖北省酸雨的时空分布规律及成因分析

根据多年来对湖北省酸雨的监测结果，报道了湖北省酸雨的时空分布规律。湖北省的酸雨主要分布在长江沿岸及以南和四川盆地以东的鄂西地区，降水的H^ 浓度由东向西、由北向南逐渐增大，酸雨的高峰期出现在夏秋两季。对降水中各离子成分的测定结果表明：致酸物质以SO2为主，各地的制酸机制和酸性物质来源与当地污染源排放情况和气象条件有关。由于接地逆温、大气稳定度和大气混合层高度在湖北东西部地区的明显差异，东部地区降水的酸性物质来源有大气输送和局地污染源排放两种，西部地区降水中酸性物质的来源以局地污染源排放为主。对1996—2000年的酸雨量比率和酸雨检出率进行Daniel趋势检验表明：湖北省的酸雨范围在逐渐扩大，污染程度有加重的趋势。     

红树林湿地沉积物中AVS-SEM与重金属分布特征——以珠江口淇澳岛为例

红树林湿地沉积物的独特理化性质使其能够大量富集河口重金属,为了研究珠江口湿地沉积物中AVS-SEM与重金属的分布特征及影响因素,采用重铬酸钾氧化-还原容量法、并联氮载气冷法酸溶硫化物分析法、等离子体发射光谱法及X射线荧光光谱法等分析了淇澳岛红树林不同生境下沉积物柱状样的基本理化性质、酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS)、同步浸提...     

表面活性剂及酸处理对污泥脱水性能影响的研究

研究表面活性剂和酸处理对污泥脱水性能的影响，并探讨其作用机理。对采用最优加药量的各种加药方案进行了从污泥性质到脱水行为的一系列横向比较。污泥性质的比较依据为絮体颗粒的宏观(目测)和微观(光学和电子显微镜)变化以及在结合水含量(DSC法测)方面的变化。脱水行为的比较依据为过滤脱水速率(比阻)、离心脱水速率(1800rpm-2min离心后的泥饼含固率)、脱水程度(4800rpm～45min离心后的泥饼含固率)及脱水清液的性质(目测及测定SS、COD、TP)。实验结果表明：除了表面活性剂与Fe^3 和CaO联用外，投加表面活性剂或酸处理对提高污泥脱水速率的意义不大，但却能有效提高污泥的机械脱水程度。表面活性剂的作用机理是：分散作用使污泥絮体结构分散解体，释放出原絮体内部的结合水；增溶作用可溶解有高度水合作用的ECP。酸处理的作用机理是：H^ 与污泥的结合，改变了污泥的表面电荷特性，促进了污泥絮体间进一步的絮凝；使ECP水解，降低了絮体对水的亲和力。