过硫酸钾—微波消解法测定炼油污水中的总磷

过硫酸钾－微波消解法操作简单，效率高，对工作环境污染小，可用于测定炼油污水中的总磷。     

微波消化／ICP—AES法测定固废物中的多种元素

采用ＭＤＳ－８１Ｄ型微波消解系统，消解固体废弃物样品，如电镀污泥，铬渣，砷钙渣，铜渣，铋渣，锑渣，尾矿渣，铅锌渣及粉煤灰等，并以ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ方法测定了消解液中多种金属元素的含量。研究了不同样品的消解条件，如试样量，酸的种类，浓度，用量及微波功率，加热时间等。对锑渣进行精密度实验的相对标准偏差为１．０％－４．０％，回收率８７．０％－１１６．２％，与常规消解法有较好的可比性。     

土壤中砷和汞的分析方法探讨

目的：为了建立一种同时快速测定土壤中砷、汞的方法。方法：用微波消解仪对土壤样品进行消解，用AFS-3100双道原子荧光光度计，选择了最佳的仪器条件，及酸度，硼氢化钾浓度，同时测定砷、汞。结果：本法线性关系砷为0ng／mL-10ng／mL，相关系数0．9994。汞为0ng／mL-1．0ng／mL，相关系数为0．9993。检出限砷为0．003ng／mL。汞为0．002ng/mL。结论：本方法操作简单，灵敏度高，快速，便于推广，适于土壤中砷和汞的同时测定。     

微波消解预处理测定水和废水中总磷

提出一种用微波消解技术作为测定水和废水中总磷的预处理方法，这种消解方法只需10min即可，比用常规的高温高压消解法节省三分之一时间。用这身份种消解法对标样、地表水、海水、生活污水和工业废水样品进行了对比测定，所得结果经统计检验，两方法之间无显著性差异。对微波消解法的精密度和准确度进行了验证。     

Rapid adsorption of toxic Pb(Ⅱ) ions from aqueous solution using multiwall carbon nanotubes synthesized by microwave chemical vapor deposition technique

Multiwall carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) were synthesized using a tubular microwave chemical vapor deposition technique, using acetylene and hydrogen as the precursor gases and ferrocene as catalyst. The novel MWCNT samples were tested for their performance in terms of Pb(Ⅱ)binding. The synthesized MWCNT samples were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared(FT-IR), Brunauer, Emmett and Teller(BET), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy(FESEM) analysis, and the adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ) was studied as a function of p H,initial Pb(Ⅱ) concentration, MWCNT dosage, agitation speed, and adsorption time, and process parameters were optimized. The adsorption data followed both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. On the basis of the Langmuir model, Qmaxwas calculated to be 104.2 mg/g for the microwave-synthesized MWCNTs. In order to investigate the dynamic behavior of MWCNTs as an adsorbent, the kinetic data were modeled using pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order equations. Different thermodynamic parameters, viz., ΔH0, ΔS0and ΔG0were evaluated and it was found that the adsorption was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The statistical analysis revealed that the optimum conditions for the highest removal(99.9%) of Pb(Ⅱ) are at p H 5, MWCNT dosage 0.1 g, agitation speed 160 r/min and time of 22.5 min with the initial concentration of 10 mg/L. Our results proved that microwave-synthesized MWCNTs can be used as an effective Pb(Ⅱ) adsorbent due to their high adsorption capacity as well as the short adsorption time needed to achieve equilibrium.     

微波消解ICP-AES法测定城市污水中11种元素

介绍了微波消解电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定城市污水中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、Na、Mn、Fe、Ni、Se、Sb等11种元素的方法。在最佳试验条件下,被测元素的检出限为0．004μg／mL～0．12μg／mL,相对标准偏差为1．9％～11％,回收率为93．1％～104％。     

活性炭吸附硫化氢及微波辐照解吸研究

研究了两种活性炭对硫化氢的平衡吸附性能力,并对活性炭床层的穿透性进行了考察;吸附饱和和活性炭在微波辐射的作用下进行解吸。实验表明,解吸效率与微波作用时间及温度有关,在本实验条件下H2S解吸效率达90．1％。     

微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定环境空气中的镉

建立了过氯乙烯滤膜采集环境空气中镉,微波消解滤膜、硝酸镁溶液作为基体改进剂,石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定镉的方法。本方法前处理操作过程简单、省时、酸用量少、环境污染小,方法的灵敏度和准确度都有很大的提高。当采样体积为6000L,镉的最低检出质量浓度为0．0008mg／m^3。     

Microwave assisted digestion followed by ICP-MS for determination of trace metals in atmospheric and lake ecosystem

The study of trace metals in the atmosphere and lake water is important due to their critical effects on humans,aquatic animals and the geochemical balance of ecosystems. The objective of this study was to investigate the concentration of trace metals in atmospheric and lake water samples during the rainy season(before and after precipitation)between November and December 2015. Typical methods of sample preparation for trace metal determination such as cloud point extraction,solid phase extraction and dispersive liquid–liquid micro-extraction are time-consuming and difficult to perform; therefore,there is a crucial need for development of more effective sample preparation procedure. A convection microwave assisted digestion procedure for extraction of trace metals was developed for use prior to inductively couple plasma-mass spectrometric determination. The result showed that metals like zinc(133.50–419.30 μg/m~3)and aluminum(53.58–378.93 μg/m~3)had higher concentrations in atmospheric samples as compared to lake samples before precipitation.On the other hand,the concentrations of zinc,aluminum,chromium and arsenic were significantly higher in lake samples after precipitation and lower in atmospheric samples. The relationship between physicochemical parameters(pH and turbidity)and heavy metal concentrations was investigated as well. Furthermore,enrichment factor analysis indicated that anthropogenic sources such as soil dust,biomass burning and fuel combustion influenced the metal concentrations in the atmosphere.     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤中痕量钻

建立了硝酸－氢氟酸－盐酸混酸体系微波消解土壤样品,石墨炉原子吸收分光光谱法测定土壤中痕量钴的方法。通过对标准土样的测定结果表明,该方法容易操作、准确、可靠。