节能是搞好环保的有效途径

根据哈尔滨炼油厂节能工作的实践，总结出作好节能工作是搞好环保的有效途径。     

综合治理合成氨装置硫化氢恶臭

镇海炼化股份公司化肥厂合成氨装置，通过挖潜改造，工艺上进行优化操作，提高了流化氢废气处理量，使硫磺装置开工率和回收率分别达到99．7％和99．0％；使合成氨装置H：S废气全部回收，消除了装置区H2S恶臭，年增产硫磺2503t，取得了明显的环境效益和经济效益．     

含铵,钠和铁盐废水处理的方法

介绍了国内外处理不同浓度含铵、钠和铁盐废水的实用技术与动态。力求为废水处理和资源回收提供参考。     

聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)在水厂排泥水处理中的应用研究

介绍了水厂排泥水处理浓缩污泥投加ＰＡＭ的重要性、ＰＡＭ絮凝机理，实验室ＰＡＭ筛选及ＰＡＭ在水厂排泥水处理中应用效果。     

浅谈钻井废弃泥浆的最终处置

讨论了钻井废弃泥浆的最终处置和综合利用方法，提出了一些见解，与为环境保护相关的研究提供了依据。     

Lo-Cat硫回收工艺及其评价

介绍了 L o- Cat硫回收工艺的基本化学原理和基本的流程模式 ,并从气体净化度、应用范围、投资和运行费用以及装置的操作等方面进行工艺评价。     

硫磺尾气处理装置腐蚀与防护技术

阐述炼油厂硫磺尾气处理装置中常见的的腐蚀问题，介绍防腐蚀技术的进展和应用情况，对装置的防腐蚀提出参考性意见。采用正确的防腐结构设计和先进的工艺防腐控制、严格的工艺生产操作及合理的材料选择，可控制和减轻装置腐蚀，确保环保和安全双达标。     

Designing and managing successful endangered species recovery programs

Endangered species recovery is characterized by complexity and uncertainty in both its biological and organizational aspects. To improve performance in the organizational dimension, some models of organizations are briefly introduced with an emphasis on the organization as a system for processing information, i.e., for successfully dealing with the high uncertainty in the task environment. A strong task orientation,which rewards achievement of the primary goal, is suggested as ideal for this task, as is generative rationality, which encourages workers to observe, critique, and generate new ideas. The parallel organization—a flexible, participatory, problem-solving structure set up alongside traditional bureaucracies—is offered as a useful structure for meeting the demands of uncertainties encountered during recovery. Task forces and projects teams can be set up as parallel organizations. Improved managerial functions include coordinating roles to facilitate the flow and use of information; decision making to avoid groupthink—the defects, symptoms, and countermeasures are described; and productive, active management of the inevitable conflict. The inability of organizations to solve dilemmas, to examine their own structures and management, and to change themselves for more effective, efficient, and equitable performance is seen as the major obstacle to improved recovery programs. Some recommendations for effecting change in bureaucracies are made along with a call for case studies detailing the organizational dimensions of endangered species recovery programs.     

Application of ecological theory to determining recovery potential of disturbed lotic ecosystems: Research needs and priorities

This article summarizes the views of aquatic scientists who gathered to assess the ability of stream ecosystem theory to predict recovery from disturbance. Two views of disturbance were evident: a discrete removal of organisms vs an unusual deviation from normal. These were perceived as applying to different scales and/or objectives. Long-term information is required from both points of view to define recovery. Recovery also may be defined in different ways, but it is clear that recovery has both spatial and temporal components, and includes both physical and biological processes. Consensus was very strong that a major role (and challenge) for theory lies in the understanding of spatial aspects, temporal scales, coupling of physics and biology, and the interaction of these features in recovery processes. Some progress is evident in the articles of this volume, but among the topics identified as critical for further theoretical contributions were: homogeneous vs heterogeneous distribution of disturbance, local extent of disturbance relative to a regional context, critical vs noncritical patches (size and location) of disturbance at different spatial scales and temporal frequencies, delineation of reversible and nonreversible processes, and physical and biological constraints on the time frame for recovery. Such concepts need attention across different types of lotic ecosystems. Thus, there was strong consensus that a national monitoring system of representative lotic ecosystems within ecological regions be established. The purpose of this monitoring system would be to acquire long-term data on natural variability, to establish viable indicators of spatial and temporal aspects of recovery, and to develop and test emerging theoretical developments.     

Recovery of lotic communities and ecosystems from disturbance—A narrative review of case studies

We present a narrative account of case studies of the recovery of flowing water systems from disturbance, focusing on the investigators' conclusions about recovery time and the factors contributing to recovery. We restrict our attention to case studies in which the recovery of some biological property of the system has been examined, excluding those that deal only with physical or chemical properties. Although natural processes and rates of recovery are emphasized, studies of reclamation or restoration of damaged ecosystems are included where they contribute to an understanding of recovery processes. For the majority of studies examined, the systems recovered quite rapidly. The most commonly cited reasons for short recovery times were: (1) life history characteristics that allowed rapid recolonization and repopulation of the affected areas, (2) the availability and accessibility of unaffected up-stream and downstream areas and internal refugia to serve as sources of organisms for repopulation, (3) the high flushing rates of lotic systems that allowed them to quickly dilute or replace polluted waters, and (4) the fact that lotic systems are naturally subjected to a variety of disturbances and the biota have evolved life history characteristics that favor flexibility or adaptability. In general, longer recovery times were observed in disturbances, such as channelization, that resulted in alterations to physical conditions. This review also indicates that much of our knowledge of recovery in lotic ecosystems is fragmented and uncoordinated. In addition to establishing the bounds of recovery time, our review identifies some research gaps that need to be filled.