Laboratory investigation of Waelz slag stabilization

Electric Arc Furnace dusts are considered hazardous waste due to their high heavy metals content (zinc, lead, etc.). The Waelz process is one of the most efficient technologies, in terms of capacity and quality, able to recover nearly the 90% of zinc contained in such EAF dusts. Unfortunately, the resulting slag still has eco-compatibility problems, although its mechanical and chemical properties are suitable for civil engineering applications. Stabilization tests, by quartz addition, were performed on EAF dusts in a laboratory furnace. Temperature, treatment time and cooling rate were varied in order to define the best conditions for regulating the formation of a stable microstructure able to hinder the release of substances. Microstructural characterization was carried-out using SEM and XRD analysis. Leaching tests were performed according to EN 12457-2 standards and water analyses were performed using ICP-OES. The best chemical stability was achieved when dust powders were mixed with 20% of silica and water-cooled.     

新型稳定塘污水处理技术AIPS

由于资金和能源紧张,高效低耗的污水处理技术受到人们的重视。AIPS新型稳定塘是由美国Oswald教授研究开发,并有30a成功经验的污水处理技术。该技术具有低投资,低运行费用、易管理、比普通稳定塘占地少的优点。      

医疗焚烧废渣的固定化试验研究

医疗垃圾属于国家规定的危险废物,焚烧后的残渣同样存在最后稳定化的问题,国外处理方法主要是填埋和基础回填,本文通过对两种胶凝材料(普硅水泥和复合矿渣水泥)对医疗废渣的固定化效果研究,探讨医疗废渣再利用的可行性和影响因素。     

Is Ammophila arenaria (Marram grass) a threat to South African dune fields?

Ammophila arenaria (marram grass) was introduced to South Africa from Europe as a means of stabilizing the Cape Flats in the 1870s, but was only successfully established in the 1890s as it was found that seeds from the first introductions did not readily germinate. By the end of the last century, it was successfully used as a dune stabilizing grass. It is now widely used in stabilization projects along the Cape coastline, being established by planting cuttings or whole plants. Because of problems experienced of marram becoming invasive, especially on the west coast of North America, and the fact that we have many invasive species which threaten our indigenous dune fields, studies have been initiated on this plant in South Africa. Most work to date has involved investigating the methods used to establish the plant in stabilization sites, and very little has been done on the biology of the species in this country. Marram is generally thought not to seed in South Africa, and thus its spread has been limited. However, in the light of recent reports of successful germination of the seed, detailed studies on the phenology of seed production and establishment in natural areas will be undertaken. Studies on the natural control by fungal species and nematodes will be carried out in conjunction with work done in the Netherlands, so that a comparison of the biology of the species in South Africa can be made with that in Europe, where it is used extensively to stabilize dunes.     

IsAmmophila arenaria (Marram grass) a threat to South African dune fields?

Ammophila arenaria (marram grass) was introduced to South Africa from Europe as a means of stabilizing the Cape Flats in the 1870s, but was only successfully established in the 1890s as it was found that seeds from the first introductions did not readily germinate. By the end of the last century, it was successfully used as a dune stabilizing grass. It is now widely used in stabilization projects along the Cape coastline, being established by planting cuttings or whole plants. Because of problems experienced of marram becoming invasive, especially on the west coast of North America, and the fact that we have many invasive species which threaten our indigenous dune fields, studies have been initiated on this plant in South Africa. Most work to date has involved investigating the methods used to establish the plant in stabilization sites, and very little has been done on the biology of the species in this country. Marram is generally thought not to seed in South Africa, and thus its spread has been limited. However, in the light of recent reports of successful germination of the seed, detailed studies on the phenology of seed production and establishment in natural areas will be undertaken. Studies on the natural control by fungal species and nematodes will be carried out in conjunction with work done in the Netherlands, so that a comparison of the biology of the species in South Africa can be made with that in Europe, where it is used extensively to stabilize dunes. Nomenclature: Arnold & de Wet (1993) for vascular plants.     

湖北某重金属污染土壤稳定化/固化治理工程实例

为保证南水北调水源地水质安全,该项工程对湖北省郧县境内4个关停搬迁企业原址约16万m3重金属污染土壤进行了修复治理。污染土壤清挖标准为《展览会用地土壤环境质量标准》(HJ350—2007)A级标准,污染土壤无害化处理验收标准为浸出液浓度低于《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838—2002)中IV类水体标准值。工程采用异位稳定化/固化技术对重金属污染土壤进行了无害化处理,所用稳定化/固化药剂为施工单位自主研发的硫系和铁系稳定化药剂;无害化处理后的近20万m3土壤采用安全填埋进行处置。工程的成功实施为南水北调库区水质安全提供了有力保障。     

废水稳定塘串联组合系统在冲击负荷下的试验与数学模拟

本文通过室内试验揭示了稳定塘串联系统较之单塘系统具有较高的抗冲击负荷能力。建立了描述稳定塘串联系统动态特性的数学模型,并应用计算机对有机物浓度冲击负荷和流量冲击负荷下的串联组合系统进行模拟,验证并发展了室内试验的结论:稳定塘的串联组合系统对有机物浓度冲击负荷和进水流量冲击负荷均具有缓冲能力。      

污水稳定塘污泥降解规律的研究

选择具有代表性的污水稳定塘,测量和分析了其污泥的淤积情况和降解规律。研究结果表明:污泥在稳定塘中的纵深分布随污泥深度的增加,总固体逐渐增加,而挥发性固体逐渐减少;稳定塘中的污泥降解符合由室内静态模拟得出的污泥降解规律的数学模型。      

重金属污染土壤稳定化修复效果评估方法分析

重金属是工业生产的废弃物,可随着雨水渗透至低处,通过在植物体内聚集停留于土壤,导致土壤退化,农作物品质降低。同时,还会污染地下水,恶化水文环境,威胁人类生命。本文首先分析了重金属污染土壤的来源和现状,然后分析了重金属污染土壤的特点和危害,最后探讨了污染土壤稳定化修复效果的评估方法和二次污染防治,以供参考。     

Immobilization of potentially toxic metals using different soil amendments

The in situ stabilization of potentially toxic metals (PTMs), using various easily available amendments, is a cost-effective remediation method for contaminated soils. In the present study, we investigated the effectiveness of apatite and a commercial mixture of dolomite, diatomite, smectite basaltic tuff, bentonite, alginite and zeolite (Slovakite) on Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd stabilization by means of decreasing their bioavailability in contaminated soil from an old lead and zinc smelter site in Arnoldstein, Austria. We also investigated the impact of 5% (w/w) apatite and Slovakite applications on soil functionality and quality, as assessed by glucose-induced soil respiration, dehydrogenase, acid and alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase activity. Both amendments resulted in increased soil pH and decreased PTM potential bioavailability assessed by diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid extraction and by sequential extractions in the water-soluble and exchangeable fractions. The efficiency of stabilization was reflected in the soil respiration rate and in enzymatic activity. The β-glucosidase activity assay was the most responsive of them.