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271.
A questionnaire survey was conducted in 2002 on 1365 households in two prefectural-level cities in the Pearl River Delta, Jiangmen and Zhongshan. Three groups of issues are covered in this paper: 1) waste management literacy, concerns, and public participation; 2) waste recycling practices and the potential for waste avoidance; and 3) public environmental literacy. This study confirms findings from previous surveys and provides new information on important issues such as imposing monetary charges on waste and environmental activities, littering, source separation programs (SSPs), and public participation and expectations in local waste management. Saving up recyclable materials for redemption in waste depots is commonly practiced in mainland China regardless of the level of development of a city, although at the household level, high-income families tend to place less value on the revenues to be gained from redemption than lower income groups do. Data from the previous and the present studies indicate that such voluntary but largely economically driven waste recovery behavior diverts at least 10% of the household waste from the waste stream. Although uncompensated SSP is less appealing in the two cities than compensated SSP, it was found that when the median per capita income of a city reaches RMB2000 per month, a high participation rate for uncompensated waste recovery is more likely to occur. Education and income levels are the chief factors affecting littering behavior and the potential for waste avoidance. Contrary to general belief, the local Chinese community is active in microwaste management. The concern, however, is over the inability of the grassroots bureaucracy to deal with rising expectations for waste collection services and neighborhood cleanliness. 相似文献
272.
Economic appraisal and evaluation of UK waste minimisation clubs: proposals to inform the design of sustainable clubs 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Waste minimisation clubs have been established for some 12 years in the UK. During that time, they have been significant driving forces in disseminating sustainable waste management practices in industry and commerce. Clubs have also demonstrated that they can achieve significant reductions in levels of waste. However, data on the economic benefits of these clubs remain scanty and disparate. In addition, no standard methodology has developed to assess whether the investment costs of clubs can be justified on grounds of either economic welfare or sustainable development, despite the theoretical advantages from doing so. Against this background, the paper considers the need for economic appraisal and evaluation of waste minimisation clubs and discusses how these methods could be applied to the creation of clubs that will be sustainable over time. 相似文献
273.
我国废电池的回收与处理 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文详细介绍了国内外常见的各种废电池的种类、有害成分,处理方法,分析了目前我国在度电池回收处理过程中所存在的诸多问题,并有针对性的提出建议。 相似文献
274.
Gwebu TD 《Environmental management》2003,31(3):0348-0354
Based on government and other relevant documentation, this paper explores the conceptual linkage between population, development,
and waste management in Botswana and the implications of this relationship for global climate change. Population is increasing,
albeit at a decreasing rate. Spatially, the population is becoming more and more concentrated as the rates and level of urbanization
increase. Economic growth has remained consistently high. The combined effect of population dynamics and economic development
are having a noticeable imprint on the environment in the form of increased waste generation. Poor waste management poses
a real threat to environmental sustainability in general and climate change in particular because of inadequate technology,
weak institutional mechanisms to enforce regulations, and low levels of sensitization among the public to deal with the problem.
Mitigation measures are suggested to minimize the negative effects of waste management on climate change. 相似文献
275.
油气田废水中石油类物质测定问题的探讨 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文针对油气田废水复杂多样的特点,对石油类物质测定方法的选择;标准油品的选定以及难萃取样品的处理方法等监测技术问题进行了探讨,旨在提高监测数据的准确性及可靠性。 相似文献
276.
277.
278.
以蒸馏水吸收环境空气或工业废气中的乙酸,用5%PEG20M+0 5%H3PO4ChromosorbHP80目~100目、2m×2mm玻璃填充柱分离,氢火焰离子化检测器检测,样品直接进气相色谱仪测定。方法最低检出质量浓度为0 16mg/m3,相对标准差为2%~5%,加标回收率在85%~106%之间。方法操作简便、快速。 相似文献
279.
漆利之 《环境监测管理与技术》1997,(2)
根据化学需氧量测定原理和分析方法,推导出化学需氧量测定限,由测定限确定不同浓度废水化学需氧量测定的稀释倍数。 相似文献
280.
李健光 《石油化工环境保护》2006,29(3):4-7
荆门石化污水处理场采用氧化沟处理工艺。针对在处理炼油污水过程中发生的污泥膨胀现象,根据运行数据,对活性污泥膨胀的原因进行分析和讨论,并提出建议。 相似文献