排序方式: 共有37条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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大中型城市医疗废物集中处置中心工程建设探索 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
结合具体工程实践 ,对建设我国地区级城市医疗废物集中处置中心的总体规划、处置工艺以及经济运作等方面进行系统的研究 ,提出了一些具有可操作性的实施依据。 相似文献
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我国工业“三废”的环境库兹涅茨曲线实证研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
选取我国1996~2008年共13年的人均GDP与工业"三废"排放量的统计数据,借助SPSS系统软件,建立计量经济学模型,分析了工业"三废"排放量的环境库兹涅茨曲线特征及其成因。研究发现:我国工业固体废物排放量的环境库兹涅茨曲线呈现出一条递增的直线;工业废水排放量的环境库兹涅茨曲线呈现出一条"倒N型"("U型"+"倒U型")曲线;工业废气排放量环境库兹涅茨曲线近似"倒U型"曲线的左半段。也就是说,除工业废水排放量回归曲线出现拐点外,工业固体废物产生量与工业废气排放量仍处于上升期。 相似文献
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Bioaccessible lead in soils, slag, and mine wastes from an abandoned mining district in Brazil 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We determined the amount of bioaccessible lead in samples of contaminated soils and in mining and refining wastes collected
in the surroundings of a former smelter in a rural area in south-eastern Brazil. Previous studies showed that some resident
children and adults had blood Pb levels above recommended limits, but the contamination route was not established. The incidental
ingestion of contaminated soils and dusts is considered to be a major route of lead uptake by humans. Bioavailability of heavy
metals like Pb depends on solubility during digestion. We used in vitro tests that simulate human gastrointestinal (GI) media
to measure the amount of soluble Pb under such conditions. Pb in soil and solid waste samples ranged from 0.03 to 4.1% and
1.2 to 15%, respectively. On average, 70% of the lead content was soluble in three different simulated gastric solutions (pH
1.5 and 1.7). For the same samples, lead solubility decreased to 2–22% when the pH was raised to pH 7 to approximate conditions
found in the small intestine. These results indicate that if soils and dusts of the area are ingested, most of the lead will
dissolve in the stomach, and part of it will remain soluble in the duodenum, i.e., would be potentially available for absorption.
These findings may explain the high blood Pb levels previously reported. 相似文献
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Guo Dongmei 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2008,6(4):35-40
The trade of wastes in the world has been increasing and China has become the largest importer of wastes. This paper examines the import trend of different wastes and finds out that the total import volume to China approved by the Chinese government keeps increasing and the illegal trade can not be banned despite repeated prohibitions; therefore, China is not only "a world factory", but actually "a global garbage dump". In order to well understand the implications of wastes import, this paper further analyzes the resource and environmental effects and risks of different wastes imports as well as the strong driving force of wastes imports. Based on these detailed analysis and solid data, policy recommendations are put forward to reduce the demand for raw materials, to further strengthen the inspection of and supervision over the international trade of the wastes that can be used as raw materials by using the life cycle analysis and risk analysis, to improve the environmental standards and strengthen the disposal capacity, to re-export the raw materials produced from the imported wastes, to develop the long-term planning for the import of wastes and to promote international cooperation. 相似文献
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从"无废城市"建设的现实约束与政策背景出发,结合国际社会在"无废城市"建设过程中已经积累的经验与方案,探析中国"无废城市"建设的必要性和可行性。在对"无废城市"基本定义与关键环节把握的前提下,基于协同联动与系统集成原则对"无废城市"建设的基本结构与运作模式进行模型建构,并重点阐释了基于废弃物减量化原则创新设计"无废城市"产业与能源布局、基于废弃物资源化原则建构"无废城市"废弃物智能管理系统、基于简约适度绿色生活理念建立"无废城市"创新治理模式等主要建设思路。 相似文献
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Aquatic farming has been considered, during the last decades, as the fastest growing food production industry powered by governmental and technological impulsion. Compensation for fisheries decline, creation of new jobs and source of financial windfall are the most important benefits. However, similar to most of the human food-production activities, aquaculture raised several issues related to the environmental welfare and consumer safety. An effort to record the aquaculture-environment and -human safety interactions with regard to the Mediterranean mariculture, is attempted herein. We focused on this geographical area due to its individualities in both the hydrological and physicochemical characteristics and the forms of aquaculture activities. The cage farming of euryhaline marine fish species and more recently of bluefin tuna and mollusk farming are the dominating aquaculture activities. The impacts of these activities to the environment, through wastes offloads, introduction of alien species, genetic interactions, disease transfer, release of chemicals, use of wild recourses, alterations of coastal habitats and disturbance of wildlife, are analytically considered. Also the consumer safety issues related to the farming are assessed, including generation of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, contaminants transferred to humans though food chain and other hazards from consumption of aquacultured items. Within these, the major literature findings are critically examined and suggestions for scientific areas that need further development are made. The major tasks for future aquaculture development in this region are: (i) to ensure sustainability and (ii) to balance the risks to public or environmental health with the substantial economical benefits. In regard with monitoring, tools must be created or adapted to predict the environmental costs and estimate consumer impact. At a canonistic and legal basis, the establishment of appropriate legal guidelines and common policies from all countries involved should be mandatory. 相似文献