不同形态铝对小麦抗氧化系统的影响

研究了铝在不同ｐＨ条件下的形态分布,测定了单核铝和多核铝对小麦根中超氧化物歧化酶(ＳＯＤ)和过氧化物酶(ＰＯＤ)活性的影响．结果表明,低浓度Ａｌａ和Ａｌｂ激发了小麦根ＳＯＤ活性;ＰＯＤ活性在ｐＨ≤５．０时被显著激活,而当 ｐＨ≥５,５,Ａｌａ与Ａｌｂ浓度较低时ＰＤＤ被显著地抑制;ＳＯＤ与ＰＯＤ活性均在ｐＨ４．５,７５μｍｏｌ·ｌ－１[Ａｌ]时达到本实验最高值,与Ａｌｂ浓度的增加相关．本实验结果显示两种形态的铝对植物的致毒机理可能存在一定差异．     

污泥中活性铝的溶出及形态分布

利用KCl,NH4Ac,HCl,NaOH四种化学浸提液将污水厂初沉污泥中的活性铝溶出,根据不同的溶出机理,得到铝的委员长中化学形态,进行定量测定,得到污泥中活性铝的形态分布,为污泥的合理利用提供一些信息。     

新型网状铝合金防火抑爆材料的性能及其应用

近年来易燃易爆危险化学品事故时常发生,新型网状铝合金防火抑爆材料以其良好的防火抑爆性能得到逐渐推广.阐述了网状铝合金防火抑爆材料的防爆机理,并基于瑞士eXess公司的试验,对网状铝合金防火抑爆材料的基本性能进行了介绍,分析了影响网状铝合金防爆材料性能的因素,最后介绍了网状铝合金防爆材料的应用.     

聚合氯化铝与有机高分子复合絮凝剂水解-聚合历程及结构形貌研究

对复合絮凝剂CPAC的水解-聚合历程进行研究,结果表明,相对于PAC而言,O/A比值愈高,复合速度愈快,体系pH值上升愈慢,复合体系对-OH的络合能力愈强.与PAC相比,CPAC的结构形貌产生了较大变化,CPAC的聚集体尺寸明显大于PAC.较大的聚集体尺寸表明它在水中能有较大的伸展空间,可以在相距较远的颗粒物之间进行架桥,较高的枝化度和较粗的分支可以增加它与颗粒物的碰撞机会.     

煤矸石中氧化铝溶出的实验研究

煤矸石是主要的煤系固废,其中氧化铝的含量占到25%左右,又是一种可以利用的资源.本实验以山西潞安煤矿的煤矸石为原料,采用正交试验的方法,研究了盐酸作为酸浸介质浸取煤矸石中氧化铝.主要影响因素为煅烧温度、酸量、固液比及酸浸时间,最佳工艺条件为:煅烧温度为650℃,酸量为225mL(按照煤矸石中氧化铝和盐酸反应的摩尔比为1:6计)、固液比为1:3、酸浸时间为3 h,单因素重复试验结果和正交实验的结果相符,在最佳条件下,氧化铝的溶出实验验证结果表明,三氧化二铝溶出率为71.49%.本研究对实现煤矸石的资源化综合利用具有重要的意义.     

Effect of competing solutes on arsenic(V) adsorption using iron and aluminum oxides

The study focused on the effect of several typical competing solutes on removal of arsenic with Fe2O3 and Al2O3. The test results indicate that chloride, nitrate and sulfate did not have detectable effects, and that selenium(IV) (Se(IV)) and vanadium(V) (V(V)) show slight effects on the adsorption of As(V) with Fe2O3. The results also showed that adsorption of As(V) on Al2O3 was not affected by chloride and nitrate anions, but slightly by Se(IV) and V(V) ions. Unlike the adsorption of As(V) with Fe2O3, that with Fe2O3 was affected by the presence of sulfate in water solutions. Both phosphate and silica have significant adverse effects on the adsorption of As(V) adsorption with Fe2O3 and Al2O3. Compared to the other tested anions, phosphate anion was found to be the most prominent solute affecting the As(V) adsorption with Fe2O3 and Al2O3. In general, Fe2O3 has a better performance than Al2O3 in removal of As(V) within a water environment where multi competing solutes are present.     

Transfer and transport of aluminum in filtration unit

Aluminum salt coagulants were used prevalently in various water works.In this article,the effects of filtration on residual aluminum concentration and species distribution were researched by determining the concentration of diiferent aluminum species before and after single layer filter,double layer filter,and membrane filtration units.In the research,size exclusion chromatography(SEC)was used to separate colloidal and soluble aluminum,ion exchange chromatography(IEC)was used to separate organic and inorganic aluminum, and inductivity coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES)was used to determine the aluminum concentration.The results showed that the rapid filtration process had the ability of removing residual aluminum from coagulant effluent water,and that double layer filtration was more effective in residual aluminum removal than single layer filtration,while nano filtration was more effective than micro filtration.It was found that when the residual aluminum concentration was below 1mg/L in sediment effluent,the residual aluminum concentration in treated water was above 0.2 mg/L.The direct rapid filtration process mainly removed the suspended aluminum.The removal of soluble and colloidal aluminum was always less than 10% and the natural small particles that adsorbed the amount of soluble or small particles aluminum on their surface were difficult to be removed in this process.Micro filtration and nano filtration were good technologies for removing aluminum;the residual aluminum concentration in the effluent was less than 0.05 mg/L.