并行时域有限差分法的瞬态声场及其效率分析

建立了适用于二维水下目标声散射声场计算的并行FDTD计算模型,通过计算结果对入射波激励目标的作用过程进行了时域分析,从各个时刻的瞬态声场分布图可以明显看出衍射、透射和散射现象,并且能够直观地给出声场分布形态以及声波传播的物理过程。通过算例测试了其在不同数目节点机参与下的计算耗时、内存耗用、并行加速度和并行效率。分析了计算耗时、内存耗用、并行加速度、并行效率随节点数变化的关系曲线,同时还着重分析了并行效率下降的原因。     

都市型经济开发区生态化建设路径研究

总结了都市型经济开发区的类型和特点,重点分析了都市化经济开发区的生态环境质量制约性因素,提出了从产业生态化建设、土地利用生态化建设、信息现代化建设以及区域环境健康保障体系四个角度分析了生态化建设的路径体系和具体的措施。     

气箱式脉冲喷吹袋式除尘器清灰系统主要技术参数的确定

为了揭示气箱式脉冲袋式除尘器的清灰机理,应用压缩气体流动能量方程,推导出滤袋表面的反向清灰风速教学表达式;根据袋式除尘器实验模型测定的数据,得出了剥离力与粉尘剥离率之问的关系式,并在此基础上提出了清灰系统设计方法;应用气体射流理论得到了脉冲喷吹质量流量、喷吹口直径、空压机供气压力和供气量的计算公式.结果表明,在粉尘负荷一定的条件下,给定预期的剥离率,可以得到所必需的反向清灰风速和喷吹气体流量,据此可以确定清灰系统的主要技术参数.     

Regeneration of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol used for carbon dioxide absorption

To improve the efficiency of the carbon dioxide cycling process and to reduce the regeneration energy consumption, a sterically hindered amine of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propranol (AMP) was investigated to determine its regeneration behavior as a CO_2 absorbent. The CO_2 absorption and amine regeneration characteristics were experimentally examined under various operating conditions. The regeneration efficiency increased from 86.2% to 98.3% during the temperature range of 358 to 403 K. The most suitable regeneration temperature for AMP was 383 K, in this experiment condition, and the regeneration efficiency of absorption/regeneration runs descended from 98.3% to 94.0%. A number of heat-stable salts (HSS) could cause a reduction in CO_2 absorption capacity and regeneration efficiency. The results indicated that aqueous AMP was easier to regenerate with less loss of absorption capacity than other amines, such as, monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), diethylenetriamine (DETA), and N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA).     

Electrochemical dechlorination of chloroform in neutral aqueous solution on palladium/foam-nickel and palladium/polymeric pyrrole film/foam-nickel electrodes

Electrochemical dechlorination of chloroform in neutral aqueous solution was investigated using palladium-loaded electrodes at ambient temperature. Palladium/foam-nickel （Pd/foam-Ni） and palladium/polymeric pyrrole film/foam-nickel （Pd/PPy/foam-Ni） composite electrodes which provided catalytic surface for reductive dechlorination of chloroform in aqueous solution were prepared using an electrodepositing method. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） micrographs showed that polymeric pyrrole film modified the electrode-surface characteristics and resulted in the uniform dispersion of needle-shaped palladium particles on foam-Ni supporting electrode. The experimental results of dechlorination indicated that the removal efficiency of chloroform and current efficiency in neutral aqueous solution on Pd/PPy/foam-Ni electrode could be up to 36.8% and 33.0% at dechlorination current of 0.1 mA and dechlorination time of 180 min, which is much higher than that of Pd/foam-Ni electrode.     

强化接触氧化法处理高盐废水

废水中盐分含量过高,会给生物处理带来一定的难度。因为盐析作用可致使微生物的脱氢酶活性降低,同时水的渗透压也会升高,使微生物细胞脱水引起细胞原生质分离,从而导致微生物细胞破裂而死亡。传统的一些生物方法对此类废水的COD的去除率低。本试验使用两株嗜盐菌在接触氧化反应器中通过连续操作对含盐废水进行处理,研究了盐度,COD负荷,溶氧对COD去除率的影响关系。在废水盐度为35g/L,进水COD为4500mg/L,COD容积负荷为3.5kgCOD(/m·3d)时,COD去除率达到90%左右,取得较好的去除效果。     

浅析锅炉水处理的必要性

锅炉给水不进行处理,必然导致锅炉的结垢和腐蚀。锅炉结垢使锅炉供暖效率降低,严重时可能会造成熔孔或爆管。     

影响曝气生物滤池硝化性能的因素

对影响曝气生物滤池硝化性能的因素进行分析,并在对目前相关研究资料分析综合的基础上,提出了优化曝气生物滤池硝化性能的控制方法以及工艺参数的适宜范围：BAF的滤料粒径2—3mm为宜,BAF运行应尽可能地使用较大的滤速,适宜的气水比为3：1,温度为25—30℃,填料层的高度2m左右比较适宜,不需要太高。对于去碳和硝化作用在同一滤池内进行的BAF,进水有机负荷（BOD）应该低于3．0kg/（m^3·d）,而对于两段BAF,应控制去碳滤池出水的COD浓度小于60mg/L。     

浅谈环境规划中公众参与有效性的影响因素

环境规划是环境管理工作的重要内容之一,环境规划的目标是环境保护与经济协调发展的具体结合点。为使制定的规划能够可行,在规划的整个过程中公众参与是非常重要的。文章基于对中国目前环境规划中的公众参与存在的不足之处的简要论述,对影响环境规划公众参与有效性的因素进行了初步的探讨,指出公众参与的制度、对象、时间、形式、内容的设计、解决矛盾的能力、参与公众的热情等是影响中国环境规划公众参与有效性的主要因素,并提出了一些提高中国环境规划公众参与有效性的建议。     

Field experiment on biological contact oxidation process to treat polluted river water in the Dianchi Lake watershed

In this study two types of biological contact oxidation processes (BCOP), a step-feed (SBCOP) unit and an inter-recycle (IBCOP) unit, were designed to investigate the treatment of heavily polluted river water. The Daqing River, which is the largest pollutant contributor to the Dianchi Lake, one of the most eutrophic freshwater lakes in China, was taken for the case study. It was found that the SBCOP had higher adaptability and better performance in the reduction of COD, TN, and TP, which made it applicable for the treatment of polluted river water entering the Dianchi Lake. Nitrification rate was observed to be greatly affected by the influent temperature. During each season, the nitrification in the SBCOP was higher than that in the IBCOP. TN removal efficiency in the SBCOP was higher than that in the IBCOP during the winter and spring but poorer during the summer, possibly due to the inhibition of denitrification by higher dissolved oxygen level in the summer. Moreover, symbiotic algaebacteria growth may be conducive to the removal of pollutants.