基于激光雷达分析2020年冬季镇江地区一次大气污染过程

利用气溶胶激光雷达观测结果,结合环境监测站污染物浓度数据、气象观测资料及HYSPLIT后向轨迹模式结果,综合分析2020年1月17—22日镇江市一次大气污染过程。结果显示,此次污染过程前期天气形势稳定,不利于污染物的清除及扩散,后期受偏北风影响,北方污染物向镇江输送,使得本地污染物持续累积,污染不断加重。特征雷达图分析表明此次污染为以PM2.5为主的二次污染。激光雷达显示污染日消光系数为0.0⁰.9 km-1,消光系数垂直廓线日变化特征明显,气溶胶粒子主要堆积在0.6 km高度以下,并且很好地揭示了污染气团从高空逐渐下沉最终与本地污染叠加的过程,与HYSPLIT模式解析的污染气团来源结果基本一致。     

基于CALIPSO对中国春季一次沙尘暴的研究

文章利用CALIPSO卫星观测资料,结合气溶胶模式模拟,分析了2013年入春以来发生的第1次强沙尘天气过程中的沙尘气溶胶垂直分布特征及输送特性.结果表明:此次沙尘事件有两个源区,南疆盆地(源区一),沙尘先后输送影响我国内蒙古西南部、甘肃、宁夏等地区.2月27日沙尘在甘肃西部河西走廊附近,沙尘气溶胶分布在2~5 km,退偏振比在0.1~0.5之间,色比在0.4~0.8之间;28日新疆地区沙尘气溶胶分布在4~12 km,退偏振比在0.3~0.5,色比在0.5~1.0之间.蒙古国西南部地区(源区二),沙尘先后影响我国内蒙古中西部地区、甘肃、山西北部、陕西北部、河北北部和东北西南部地区,2月28日内蒙古沙尘气溶胶分布在4~11 km,退偏振比在0.2~0.5之间,色比在0.5~1.2之间.     

Study of Asian Dust Phenomena in 2001–2003 Using A Network of Continuously Operated Polarization Lidars

We have conducted dust observations at a number of locations including Beijing, Hefei, Suwon, Fukue, Nagasaki, Tsukuba, and Sapporo using automated two-wavelength polarization lidars o study Asian dust phenomena, including generation, transport, and change during transport. We developed a method using the depolarization ratio for estimating the contributions of Asian dust and spherical air-pollution aerosols in observed aerosol mixtures. We analyzed the dust profiles statistically to derive climatological characteristics and year-on-year variations. We also studied dust source and transport path for each dust event using the regional chemical transport model CFORS. The statistical analysis clearly demonstrated the year-on-year variation of dust phenomena and the characteristics depending on the locations of the observational sites. Most major dust events in 2001 and 2002 originated in Inner Mongolia and/or Mongolia at the southern edge of a low-pressure area located in Siberia and were transported by strong westerlies. In 2003, the typical meteorological pattern for heavy dust cases accompanying a strong low in Siberia was not seen, except for one case in April. Furthermore, the lidar observation in Beijing suggests that less dust was generated in the source regions in Inner Mongolia and/or Mongolia, probably due to higher precipitation in 2003.     

PML系统性能测定及卷云偏振探测结果分析

偏振-米散射激光雷达(PML)是532 nm单波长激光雷达,可对气溶胶的消光特性及偏振特性进行定量探测.对PML探测性能从三方面进行验证:①对PML主要性能参数的测试结果表明,该系统性能可靠;②对比PML和拉曼-米散射激光雷达(RML)对气溶胶的测试结果发现,二者基本一致;③用激光雷达和太阳辐射计对同一大气光学厚度对比探测可知,二者探测值基本一致.用PML对2005年2─5月合肥地区卷云退偏振比的观测结果表明:合肥地区位于7～12 km高度区域的卷云退偏振比为0.25～0.50,其平均值为0.35±0.07.      

一次严重灰霾过程的气溶胶光学特性垂直分布

利用激光雷达在广州地区一次严重灰霾过程进行探测,并反演气溶胶消光系数及退偏比,分析边界层结构演变对气溶胶消光系数廓线分布的影响.结果表明,气溶胶主要在1.5km以下.发生灰霾天气时,霾层达到1km,午后可达1.5km,发生严重灰霾天气时,霾层只有500m.气溶胶消光系数随高度分布在清洁过程中呈线性递减,标高为1490m,在灰霾过程中呈指数递减,标高为789.5m.从气溶胶消光系数廓线变化可以很好地反演边界层结构的演变.气溶胶消光系数在残留层顶出现极大值.气溶胶退偏比有明显的日变化,白天的退偏比比夜间的高,午后出现峰值.该次过程气溶胶的退偏比小于0.2.本地气溶胶廓线只有在清洁过程时与Elterman廓线接近.