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881.
不同时期条纹环沟藻可培养藻际细菌研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过梯度稀释法分离出条纹环沟藻5个生长时期的可培养藻际细菌,利用基于单菌落16S rDNA V3区序列测定对细菌进行了分子分类鉴定,与GenBank上的相似菌株序列构建了邻接系统发育树并计算遗传距离,同时对不同时期的细菌进行了定量分析.结果表明,在分离培养出的32株细菌中,有12株不同种属细菌.12株细菌分属于a-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria)、g-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)4大细菌类群,在种类和数量上均以α-变形菌纲为主,其次为g-变形菌纲和拟杆菌门.每个生长时期可培养藻际细菌的种类数为5~8种,其中稳定生长期细菌种类数较为丰富,而在迟滞期和衰亡后期细菌种类较少.从各时期的细菌总数来看,对数生长期细菌数量最低,仅为2.83×106CFU/mL;在衰亡前期细菌数量最高,达到1.72×109CFU/mL;衰亡后期虽然细菌数量有所降低,但仍达到1.37×108CFU/mL.聚类分析和多维尺度分析结果显示,衰亡前期细菌群落结构与其它时期差异较大,而藻细胞快速生长阶段的对数生长期和稳定生长期菌落结构相近.衰亡前期特异性菌株鲍氏不动杆菌(Acinetobacter baumannii)的大量出现,可能与藻类迅速进入衰亡阶段有关;而各个时期均出现的一株麦氏交替单胞菌(Alteromonas macleodii)可能对条纹环沟藻的种群竞争起作用.在条纹环沟藻不同生长时期藻际细菌的种类与数量有所差异,藻际细菌的群落结构可能对条纹环沟藻的生长、种群竞争以及赤潮的生消具有重要作用. 相似文献
882.
To improve the efficiency of oil degradation and strengthen the harmless treatment of oily sludge, three dominant strains identified as Chryseomicrobium sp. YL2, Gordonia sp. YL3 and Acinetobacter sp. YL5 were isolated from soil near a refinery, and the effects on the bioremediation of the oily sludge from the refinery were investigated. The results showed that the efficiency of oil degradation increased by 31.5% compared with the control when the dominant strains were added to the treatment of oily sludge. Furthermore, the dominant strains could use oil as a carbon source for heterotrophic nitrification–aerobic denitrification. The addition of ammonia nitrogen resulted in a large number of remaining microbes and heightened dehydrogenase activity in the oily sludge, further accelerating oil degradation, mainly for C11 to C25 saturated hydrocarbons, and the oil degradation efficiency increased by 40.8%. After 120 days of bioremediation, the biotoxicity of oily sludge, which was expressed by the equivalent phenol concentration, decreased by 40.0% compared with that of the control, indicating that the addition of ammonia nitrogen enhanced the biodegradation of oil. This method can be used to strengthen the harmless treatment of oily sludge in practical engineering applications. 相似文献
883.
Yao Zhang Yayi Wang Yuan Yan Haicheng Han Min Wu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(1):7
884.
养殖水体复合功能菌的分离及其性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对养殖水体中因氨态氮、硫化氢和小分子有机酸富营养化引起的污染问题,分离筛选出硝化细菌、反硝化细菌、光合细菌、硫化细菌和生物絮凝菌等具有不同生理功能的污染物治理菌株,经优化配伍制备出性能优良的复合功能菌,结果表明:硝化细菌对氨态氮的去除率达97.8%,亚硝态氮的去除率达95.7%,反硝化细菌对硝态氮的去除率为96.4%,光合细菌和硫化细菌对硫化氢的去除率为55%,微生物絮凝菌的絮凝效率为83%;复合功能菌对CODCr、NH4+-N,总氮、硫化物的去除率分别可达94.3%,89.6%,88.7%和71.3%。 相似文献
885.
Virender K. Sharma Xin Yu Thomas J. McDonald Chetan Jinadatha Dionysios D. Dionysiou Mingbao Feng 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(3):37
886.
Root-associated microbial communities are very important for biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur in wetland ecosystems, and help to enhance the mechanisms of plant invasions. In the estuary of Jiulong River (China), Spartina alternifiora has widely invaded Kandelia obovata-dominated habitats, making it necessary to investigate the influence of rootassociated bacteria. The endophytic and rhizosphere bacterial community structures associated with selected plant species were investigated using the barcoded Illumina paired-end sequencing technique. The diversity indices of bacteria associated with the roots of S. alterniflora were higher than those of the transition stands and K. obovata monoculture. Using principal coordinate analysis with UniFrac metrics, the comparison of diversity showed that all samples could be significantly clustered into three major groups, according to the bacterial communities of origin. Four phyla, namely, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, and Firmicutes, were abundant in the rhizoplane of the two salt marsh plants, whereas Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria were the more abundant endophytic bacteria. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, and Firmicutes in the rhizosphere bacteria of S. alterniflora accounted for 78.0%, 5.6%, 3.3%, and 1.6%, respectively. Members of the phyla Spirochaetes and Chloroflexi were found among the endophytic bacteria of S. alterniflora and K. obovata, respectively. Using linear discriminate analysis, we found some dominant rhizoplane and endophytic bacteria, including Pseudoalteromonadaceae, Vibrionaceae, Methylophilaceae, and Desulfovibrio, which could potentially affect the carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles. Of interest was that endophytic bacteria were more sensitive to plant invasion than rhizosphere bacteria. Thus, the results provide evidence for the isolation of functional bacteria and the effects of root-associated microbial groups on S. alterniflora invasions. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献
887.
Mothe Gopi Kiran Kannan Pakshirajan Gopal Das 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2018,12(4):12
888.
本研究采用SBR反应器,以实际低C/N比生活污水为进水基质,采用间歇梯度曝气(各曝气段溶解氧浓度递减)充分利用内碳源,探讨不同首段厌氧时间下好氧颗粒污泥脱氮除磷效果.结果表明,间歇梯度曝气的初始厌氧段从50 min增加至90 min,使颗粒污泥内碳源的储量增加,这一延时厌氧的改进条件导致颗粒污泥脱氮除磷效果提升,当延时至70和90 min时,COD、TN和TP的去除效率分别可达84.74%、70.05%和89.7%以及86.65%、78.81%和85.5%.但随后首段厌氧时间增至110 min后,由于部分细胞解体,污泥流失较严重,使内碳源储量约降低13.6%,进而污染物去除效率下降.在首段厌氧时间从50 min延长至90 min的过程中,LB-EPS中PS含量变化较小,随后延时至110 min后PS含量增加至约7.18 mg·g-1,PN含量增加至约5.56mg·g-1.TB-EPS中PN和PS含量均较稳定,进而表明内碳源储量对LB-EPS的影响较TB-EPS大,同时污泥沉降性能下降与LB-EPS中PS含量增加密切相关.颗粒污泥中DPAOs占比随首段厌氧时间的适当增加而升高,其中首段厌氧时间为70 min时DPAOs占比达到51.5%. 相似文献
889.
Junguo HE Guangming ZHANG Haifeng LU 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2010,4(3):334-339
The conventional treatment method of soybean wastewater is expensive and generates waste sludge that requires further handling. Purple nonsulfur bacteria (PNSB) wastewater treatment is a clean technology and can generate single cell protein while degrading pollutants. A wild strain of PNSB, Rhodobacter sphaeroides Z08, was isolated from local soil and was used to treat soybean wastewater. To develop a cost-effective process, the work was performed under natural conditions without artificial light, aeration, nutrients addition, or pH and temperature adjustment. The results showed that the wild strain Rhodobacter sphaeroides Z08 could grow well under natural conditions. The growth curve showed two quick-growth periods and a turning point. The Z08 treatment of soybean wastewater was zero order reaction and COD reduction was 96% after 10 d. The major byproducts of the process were C2-C5 organic acids, predominantly butyric acid. No alcohol was found in the effluent. The initial COD/bacterial-mass ratio (F/M) had a significant effect on soybean wastewater treatment efficiency. When the initial F/M was lower than 10 mg-COD/mg-bacteria, a sufficient amount of time to achieve 90% of COD reduction was only three days. The Z08 biomass yield was 0.28g·g−1, and the bacterial protein content was 52%. 相似文献
890.
两株自养型氨氧化细菌的分离、鉴定及系统发育分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以水产养殖废水处理工程的生物膜为菌源,采用传统的富集、分离纯化等微生物学手段,筛选出2株自养型氨氧化细菌A.P-7和A.P-8,并将其转接至液体分离培养基中培养17 d,定量检测结果表明,菌株A.P-7和A.P-8的氨氮去除率均可达到90%以上. 对2株菌的形态特征与生理生化性质分析结果表明,2株菌与假单胞菌属成员相似. 进一步测定2株菌的16S rDNA基因序列,测序结果提交至GenBank进行同源性检索分析,并通过MEGA 4.0软件进行比对和系统发育分析,结果显示2株菌均属于假单胞菌属,与门多萨假单胞菌的同源性最高,达99%以上. 相似文献