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The e ects of ferric ion, pH, and bromide on the formation and distribution of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) during chlorination
were studied. Two raw water samples from Huangpu River and Yangtze River, two typical drinking water sources of Shanghai, were
used for the investigation. Compared with the samples from Huangpu River, the raw water samples from Yangtze River had lower
content of total organic carbon (TOC) and ferric ions, but higher bromide concentrations. Under controlled chlorination conditions,
four trihalomethanes (THMs), nine haloacetic acids (HAAs), total organic halogen (TOX) and its halogen species fractions, including
total organic chlorine (TOCl) and total organic bromide (TOBr), were determined. The results showed that co-existent ferric and
bromide ions significantly promoted the formation of total THMs and HAAs for both raw water samples. Higher concentration of
bromide ions significantly changed the speciation of the formed THMs and HAAs. There was an obvious shift to brominated species,
which might result in a more adverse influence on the safety of drinking water. The results also indicated that high levels of bromide
ions in raw water samples produced higher percentages of unknown TOBr. 相似文献
236.
The highly efficient inorganic polymer flocculants (IPFs) of the ferric-silica system is a new and promising coagulant. Interactions between ferric species and silica play a large part in the coagulation of suspensions. These effects are quite distinct from those associated with polymeric or colloid silica. However, although these species are key to coagulation efficiency, they have not been comprehensively discussed. A new type of coagulant, poly-silica-ferric-chloride (PFSC), was synthesized by co-polymerization and characterized by time complexation spectroscopy and photon correlation spectroscopy. Compared with traditional ferric salt, the results indicated that PFSC had a higher molecular weight, lesser positive charge, lower Feb and higher Fec. The higher the Si/Fe ratio, the higher the silica and lower the silicac found. The PFSC with appropriate polysilica acid not only obtained better coaguiation/fiocculation efficiency in turbidity removal, enhanced the flocculation index (FI) and provided less residual ferric, it also lowered water treatment costs compared to traditional ferric salt. Results showed that PFSC could remove colloid particles in water by charge neutralization and sweeping,adsorption bridging mechanism. 相似文献
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采用生物膜反应器耦合包埋型单宁酸铁处理低C/N比废水,考察其脱氮性能,分析了生物脱氮过程功能菌群的变化,以及单宁酸铁强化脱氮的作用机制.结果表明,生物膜反应器耦合包埋型单宁酸铁,具有低C/N比废水高效脱氮性能.进水C/N比为1:2.7时,TN平均去除率可达80.0%,TN平均去除负荷为1.38kg/(m3·d).生物膜反应器内随着进水C/N比降低,优势脱氮过程从同步硝化-反硝化过程向同步短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化-反硝化(SNAD)过程转变,厌氧氨氧化过程对TN去除的贡献率逐渐升高至76.2%,亚硝化菌群和厌氧氨氧化菌群成为优势生物脱氮功能菌群.包埋型单宁酸铁在生化处理后,通过吸附-催化氨氧化作用同步去除氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮,进一步提高TN去除性能.因此,耦合单宁酸铁强化生物膜反应器SNAD脱氮过程,是实现低C/N比废水高效脱氮新的有效途径. 相似文献
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将自制聚硅酸铝铁(PSAF)与二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)复配,制备了复合高分子絮凝剂PSAF-DMDAAC,并将其用于含铊废水的处理。表征结果显示:PSAF与DMDAAC先利用氢键形成聚合体后脱水,然后DMDAAC链上的烯基双键与PSAF中的聚铁、聚铝基团发生桥联反应,以配位键形式将基团引入DMDAAC链,形成一种新型复合絮凝剂。实验结果表明:复合絮凝剂制备的最优条件为(Al+Fe)与Si的摩尔比2∶1、Al与Fe的摩尔比1∶2、60%(w)DMDAAC溶液加入量0.8%(w);废水处理的最优条件为絮凝剂投加量0.8 g/L、废水pH 9.5、沉降时间10 min;在上述优化条件下,废水的色度、浊度、铊的去除率分别达到95.0%,96.4%,95.6%,处理后废水的色度、浊度、铊质量浓度分别为10度、6 NTU、13 μg/L。 相似文献
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