Identification, synthesis and activity of sex pheromone gland components of the autumn gum moth (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), a defoliator of Eucalyptus

Summary. The autumn gum moth, Mnesampela privata (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), is native to Australia and can be a pest of plantation eucalypts. Field-collected and laboratory-reared female autumn gum moths were dissected to remove glands likely to contain components of the sex pheromone. Using gas chromatography (GC) and combined gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), three compounds were identified from female extracts, namely (3Z,6 Z,9 Z)-3,6,9-nonadecatriene, 1-hexadecanol and 1-octadecanol (confirmed by comparison with synthetic samples). Nonadecatriene elicited an antennal response in male autumn gum moth during gas chromatographic analyses combined with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD). In electroantennogram (EAG) recording male M. privata antennae responded to the nonadecatriene. Nonadecatriene was synthesised via Kolbe electrolysis, starting with (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid (linolenic acid) and propanoic acid or via an alternative four-step method also starting from linolenic acid. In field trials (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-nonadecatriene proved attractive to male moths. Thus, we conclude that (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9- nonadecatriene is a sex pheromone component of autumn gum moth. This component has been identified in extracts from other geometrids in the same subfamily, Ennominae. However, to our knowledge this is the first example where (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-nonadecatriene has been found in females and also proved attractive to male moths when presented on its own. Our results are discussed in relation to other geometrid pheromones.     

离子色谱法测定有害工业固体废物浸出液中的氟化物

用离子色谱法（简称ＩＣ）测定有害工业固体废物浸出液中的氟化物，其测定方法较化学法（离子选择电极法）手续简便、快速、准确．     

水环境中天然溶解有机质分子量的研究现状及意义

溶解有机质存在于所有的水环境中,它是组成不均匀、结构复杂和分子量分布很宽的有机化合物混合体。本文综述了测量溶解有机质分子量的主要方法,各种方法的原理和优缺点,其中详细介绍了高效体积排阻色谱法的原理,平均分子量和分散系数的计算,以及分子量的校正;同时介绍了可能影响分子量分布的主要地球化学因素,以及天然水中溶解有机质的分子量分布的特征。     

给水系统中卡马西平含量测定方法的研究

文章用固相萃取与高效液相色谱结合的方法测定给水系统中痕量卡马西平的含量。考察了C18小柱的最佳洗脱条件,并且根据出峰时间选择了最佳的色谱条件:流动相为水(用磷酸调节pH至4)和甲醇(40∶60,V/V),温度为25℃,流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为285nm。卡马西平浓度在0.2～2mg/L范围内线性关系良好,回归方程y=81.53258x-7.19487,加标回收率平均值为94.3%,RSD为2.7%(n=7)。用该方法测定实际水源水和自来水厂中间工段出水,简单易操作,结果准确。     

用清洁方法从喜树果中提取白桦脂酸等有效成分

利用聚酰胺柱层析法,用3倍床体积的60%的乙醇洗脱,可以较有效地从喜树果中提取白桦脂酸,这是一种简单、易行、环保、有效的提取白桦脂酸的方法,是目前有效提取白桦脂酸的最简单的方法,本方法还能同时分离提取喜树碱,羟基喜树碱等有效成分。     

离子色谱法测定降水中阴离子含量的测量不确定度评定

使用离子色谱法,论述了测定降水中F-、CL-、NO3-、SO42-测量不确定度的方法,同时指出测量中可能导致不确定度的来源。     

水中苦味酸的测定

将水样中的苦味酸氯化后,用ECD气相色谱法测定氯化苦的量,来确定苦味酸的浓度。采用保留时问定性,外标法定量。实验表明,该方法能快速有效地提取并测定水体中的苦味酸。在HP-5毛细管柱上,对苦味酸的氯化产物有较好的分离效果。方法快速、反应较为彻底,灵敏度高、精密度和准确度较好。     

圆盘式固相萃取HPLC法测定饮用水中微囊藻毒素LR和RR

采用固相微萃取与高效液相色谱联用技术（SPE／HPLC）测定饮用水的微囊藻毒索,并对SPE的萃取条件和HPLC的色谱条件进行了优化,对SPE的多项参数,诸如萃取率、检出限及测定限以及准确度和精密度均作了测试。通过实际水样进行了分析,该方法测定MC—LR（LR型微囊藻毒索）的线性范围为0．5～50ug／L,相关系数为0．9992;测定MC—RR（RR微囊藻毒索）的线性范围为0．5—50ug/L,相关系数为0．9989。SPE法之优于LLE法主要在于分析过程快速,有机溶剂使用量大大减少,方法更适合于大量水样中有机污染物的现场取样处理。     

离子色谱法和纳氏试剂光度法测定地表水中氨氮的比较试验

选用美国戴安公司ICS-1000型离子色谱;IonPacCG12A分离柱;CSRS3004mm抑制器;对环境水样中氨氮指标进行检验并与纳氏试剂光度法做比较以分析其可行性。经实测分析结果看离子色谱法的线性相关性能够满足分析要求,环境标准平行双样的相对标准偏差（RSD）均在质控分析要求范围之内;各个样品加标回收率均在要求控制范围之内;与钠氏试剂光度法测定结果比较,两种方法测定结果没有显著性差异,表明该方法精密度高、准确性好。本方法线性范围广,测定结果准确,操作简便,尤其更适用于大批样品多项目的测定。