离子色谱法测定黄河鄂尔多斯段水体中F-、Cl-、NO3-、SO4 2-浓度

随这鄂尔多斯经济的迅猛发展,城市规模的不断壮大。鄂尔多斯市制定了引用黄河水的战略措施。使黄河水成为鄂尔多斯城市居民的日常生活水源,所以黄河鄂尔多斯段的水质问题成为当地居民的热议话题。而其中F-、Cl-、NO3 -、SO4 2- 几种离子是作为水源地的必测项目。其水体的基本特点是泥沙含量高,浑浊,有机物含量丰富,因此Cl-、SO4 2-含量比较高,F-、NO3-含量比较小。笔者通过对实际样品有效的预处理,并选择恰当的稀释倍数,用ICS-1500离子色谱一次进样同时测定了F-、Cl-、NO3-、SO4 2-取得了满意的结果。     

抚顺市非甲烷烃的时空分布规律

本文采用分别测定以氮气和空气为底气的同一浓度的甲烷标准气体的响应值,两者之差值即为空气中氧对总烃测定的空白值,代替传统的用除烃净化空气装置制备净化空气测定空白值的方法,并将该法应用于抚顺市非甲烷烃的含量测定,取得较理想结果。同时研究了抚顺市非甲烷烃的时空分布规律。     

离子色谱分析中淋洗液条件选择的探讨

文章中介绍了离子色谱分析中淋洗液的浓度和pH值对分析结果的直接影响,通过实践总结出了正确选择淋洗液,既可改善分离效果,又可提高分析效率。     

离子色谱法测定环境地表水中碱金属试验

环境水样中Na^＋、K^＋、Mg^2＋、Ca^2＋离子的监测方法,目前主要使用原子吸收法。本次试验选用离子色谱法测定环境水样中Na^＋、K^＋、Mg^2＋、Ca^2＋离子,与原子吸收法做一比较。通过试验分析结果看,该方法样品的浓度和响应值间的线性较好,混合环境标准样的平行双样Na、K、Mg、Ca的各相对标准偏差（RSD）值均符合质量控制标准;各个样品加标回收率最高为104.4%、最低为96.0%均在控制范围之内;与原子吸收法方法测定结果比较,两种方法测定结果没有显著性差异,表明该方法精密度高、准确性好;操作简便,尤其适用于大批样品多项目的测定。     

设施验收中甲基丙烯酸甲酯的采集和气相色谱测定

用活性炭吸附气体中的甲基丙烯酸甲酯有令人满意的吸附效率,用ＳＥ－５４ ０．５３ ｍｉｎ×５０ｍ色谱柱低温操作可使二硫化碳溶剂与甲基丙烯酸甲酯得到完全分离。该方法有较宽的线性范围,较高的灵敏度和精密度。     

煤矸石堆放场周围玉米作物中苯并(a)芘污染特征

以焦作矿区演马矿煤矸石堆放场周围农田玉米为研究对象,对玉米中苯并(a)芘污染特征进行了分析研究.在矸石堆周围布设三条采样线采集玉米样品,玉米样品经提取、浓缩、净化处理后采用高效液相色谱(HPLc)法对其中苯并(a)芘含量进行检测分析.结果表明,研究区玉米作物叶子中苯并(a)芘污染水平较高,达46.7%,茎和籽均未出现苯并(a)芘污染现象,且玉米各部位苯并(a)芘含量与距矸石堆距离呈反比.进一步指出矿区企业应加强对周围环境生态的预防保护,以确保企业的可持续发展.     

广州市大气典型羰基化合物碳同位素组成初探

采用气相色谱/燃烧/同位素比值质谱(GC/C/IRMS)技术,通过2,4-二硝基苯肼(DNPH)衍生化方法,初步测定了广州市城区交通主干线大气中甲醛、乙醛和丙酮的碳同位素组成.结果表明,甲醛的δ13C值变化范围为-42.06‰--33.52‰,乙醛的δ13C值变化范围为-35.84‰--32.20‰,丙酮的δ13C值变化范围为-30.85‰--29.50‰;而且,白天相对于夜晚而言,甲醛、乙醛和丙酮的最大碳同位素分馏分别为6.65‰,3.27‰和0.75‰,碳同位素分馏上的差异表明它们在环境大气中不同化学活性上的差异.     

Green chemistry approach to analysis of formic acid and acetic acid in aquatic environment by headspace water-based liquid-phase microextraction and high-performance liquid chromatography

A simple and totally organic-free (green) method, viz. headspace water-based liquid-phase microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection has been successfully developed for analysis of formic acid and acetic acid in environmental water samples. A microdrop of an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was suspended from the tip of a microsyringe needle over the headspace of the stirred sample solution containing the analytes at pH 1.0 for a given time. The microdrop was then retracted into the microsyringe, diluted with HPLC mobile phase, and injected to HPLC. Optimum efficiency has been achieved for: 3.0 µL NaOH microdrop (0.1 mol L^?1) exposed for 15 min over the headspace of an aqueous sample of 6.5 mL at 55 °C, containing 15% w/v of Na₂SO₄, adjusted to pH = 1.0 and stirred at 750 rpm. Under these conditions, enrichment factors of 162 and 187, limits of detection of 0.3 and 0.1 µg L^?1 (S/N = 3) with dynamic linear ranges of 1–500 and 0.5–500 µg L^?1 were obtained for formic acid and acetic acid, respectively. A reasonable repeatability (5.8% ≤ RSD ≤ 8.8%, n = 6) and satisfactory linearity (r² ≥ 0.997) illustrated the performance of the method.     

The Role of Organic Matter in Natural Aquatic Systems: Analytical Constraints

The dissolved organic matter in aquatic systems consists of a heterogeneous mixture of compounds with wide ranging chemical properties and diverse origins. the presence of organic matter (OM) in surface and ground waters has important implications with regard to the mobility and therefore fate of many potential organic and inorganic pollutants. the majority of the analytical approaches in current use require exhaustive pre-treatment steps which may lead to the formation of artefacts within the sample. an analytical technique based upon gel permeation chromatography is proposed as a more reliable procedure for the characterisation of naturally occurring dissolved organic matter.     

Sampling and analysis by GC/MS of the chitin synthesis inhibitors lufenuron and teflubenzuron in soil and soil invertebrates

A method for the measurement of benzoylphenyl ureas in soil, carabid beetles and earthworms was developed. These insecticides were transformed into their corresponding aniline derivatives in a hydrolytic step and subsequently measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.