湖州市笋竹资源开发利用研究

简要论述了湖州市笋竹资源的特征和开发潜力，对笋竹资源开发现状予以评价，并对合理开发与保护，促进竹资源持续发展提出了对策。     

磁种凝聚-磁分离技术处理含Ni~(2+)电镀废水的研究

应用磁种凝聚 磁分离技术处理Ni2 + 电镀废水。首先进行了磁种凝聚的试验 ,研究了pH、磁种、聚丙烯酰胺对Ni(OH) 2 沉淀物与磁种凝聚成“磁性矾花”过程的影响。其次进行了从废水中脱除磁性矾花的磁分离试验 ,考查了磁分离器的磁场强度对磁分离过程的影响。试验结果表明 ,经这种方法处理后 ,废水中Ni2 + 的去除率达到 99%以上 ,出水中Ni2 + 浓度为 0 4 2mg L ,而且Ni2 + 可以回收 ,磁种经酸泡后可以循环再用     

Enrichment of fetal cells from maternal blood by high gradient magnetic cell sorting (double MACS) for PCR-based genetic analysis

For simple and effective isolation of fetal cells from peripheral maternal blood, we combined depletion of maternal cells and enrichment of fetal cells by high-gradient magnetic cell separation (MACS). First CD45⁺ and CD14⁺ cells were depleted from maternal peripheral blood mononuclear cells by MACS. From the depleted fraction, CD71⁺ erythroid cells were enriched up to 80 per cent by MACS. This ‘double-MACS’ procedure yielded an average depletion rate of 780-fold and an average enrichment rate of 500-fold, with approximate recovery rates of 40–55 per cent. For paternity testing, cells from unseparated blood and the various fractions were analysed for polymorphism of the HLA-DQ-A1 locus and D1S80 locus by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In CD45⁻/CD71⁺ sorted cells from maternal blood, but not in unfractionated cells from maternal blood or CD45⁻/CD14⁻ cells, paternal alleles could be detected. In the CD45⁻/CD71⁺ fraction, the relative frequency of paternal alleles compared with maternal alleles ranged from 1 in 20 to 1 in 200 (determined by titration and depending on the quality of separation and biological variation). In 7 out of 11 cases, between weeks 12 and 25 of gestation, we could identify paternal alleles by PCR, either HLA-DQ-A1 or D1S80. This double-MACS procedure is simple, fast, efficient, and reliable for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis.     

Enrichment of fetal nucleated cells from maternal blood: Model test system using cord blood

The presence of small numbers of fetal nucleated red cells in the maternal circulation has been a stimulus for the development of technologies for non-invasive prenatal genetic analysis. Our laboratory has been assessing the feasibility of density gradient centrifugation followed by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) of cells expressing CD32 and CD45, to deplete maternal nucleated blood cells. We have examined the efficiency of each of the steps of this procedure using cord blood from term pregnancies as a source of nucleated red blood cells. Cord blood was shown to contain highly variable numbers of nucleated red cells. Three different density gradients were examined. There was no major difference in the performances of the double and triple gradients. Density gradient centrifugation resulted in enrichments of nucleated red blood cells of about 1000-fold relative to the total cell count. However, it was apparent that the selection of the cell layers which were most enriched for these cells would result in significant losses of nucleated red cells in other layers. MACS sorting of cells using CD45 resulted in white cell depletions ranging from 7 to 34-fold. These data provide a foundation for comparison with other methods and for optimization of the MACS technique.     

贵州盘县老厂竹根水的成因分析

贵州省盘县老厂竹根水, 分布面积10 km2 左右, 砂岩和玄武岩的地质环境下大面积竹林的存在是其形成的生态环境条件,雨水经过竹林-土壤-岩石的水循环过程和由此引起的含水介质的元素迁移为其水质、水量的主要原因。竹根水具有广阔的开发前景,但需要进一步涵养水源和加强对水质的保护。     

吸附-磁性分离法处理含油污水的研究

本文提出了吸附-磁性分离法处理含油污水的新工艺。研究了粘土作为吸附剂在此工艺中对矿物油、COD、浊度和色度的去除效果;比较了膨润土、活性炭、煤泥、高岭土等的处理效果。对处理水中悬浮物的沉降性能以及粘土吸附剂的再生等作了初步探讨。在推荐的流程下,可使出水中矿物油<2ppm、COD<100ppm SS<1ppm。     

野化培训大熊猫在特定时期采食半枯竹的原因分析

对首次发现的一只野化培训大熊猫“祥祥”采食半枯竹的现象及原因进行研究.作者用4只圈养大熊猫为对照进行试验,从行为观察、营养成分及适口因子、环境气候条件等方面进行了研究.研究发现,圈养大熊猫中也存在采食半枯竹的现象,而且在采食的时间段上和祥祥一致;相对于新鲜竹子,半枯竹中葡萄糖含量有所增加,单宁含量明显降低,并且具有特殊的香甜味,使在一定时期内的半枯竹营养增加,适口性得到改善,这是大熊猫在特定时期更愿意采食半枯竹而不采食新鲜竹子的重要原因;7~9月是全年温湿度最高月份,对引起半枯竹成分中适口因子的改变可能有诱发作用.图3表4参9     

醋酸乙烯生产过程废触媒的资源化回收

采用正交实验研究了微波、超声波条件对废触媒解吸效果的影响,对比实验结果表明,1次微波2次超声波联用技术锌的洗脱率较高,回收的活性炭超过了林业局粉状活性炭二级品指标.用洗脱的醋酸锌溶液制备的磷酸锌符合防锈颜料要求.最终的废液采用电石废渣中和后达到国家废水处理三级排放标准.实现了废触媒的综合回收利用.     

含油污水的综合处理法及其应用

概述了竖向隔板分油法、蜂窝斜管分油法及磁性颗粒吸附过滤法 ,将这 3种方法结合处理某机修厂的含油污水 ,取得了满意效果。     

Sorption of Cu and Zn by bone charcoal

Bone charcoal is being developed as a treatment for decontaminating polluted water. In particular, its potential to adsorb metal species from contaminated water supplies is being examined. In this study, bone charcoal was used in batch and column experiments designed to investigate the sorption of two cationic metals Cu and Zn. The data from batch experiments fitted the Langmuir isotherm and so theoretical maximum binding capacities could be obtained. These values were compared with experimental values derived from the column experiments. The mechanisms involved in the immobilisation were also investigated.