Performance of a large-scale greenhouse solar dryer integrated with phase change material thermal storage system for drying of chili

ABSTRACT

Large-scale greenhouse solar dryers have been used for drying various products and this type of dryer is usually equipped with LPG burner as auxiliary heater, which creates more operating cost. To overcome this problem, phase change material (PCM) thermal storage was proposed to substitute for the LPG burner. In this work, the performance of a large-scale greenhouse solar dryer integrated with a PCM as a latent heat storage for drying of chili was investigated. Experimental studies were conducted to compare the performance of this dryer with that of another large-scale greenhouse solar dryer without the PCM thermal storage and open sun drying. Chili with an initial moisture content of 74.7% (w.b.) was dried to a final moisture content of 10.0% (w.b.) in 2.5 days, 3.5 days, and 11 days using the solar dryer integrated with the PCM thermal storage, the solar dryer without the PCM thermal storage and the open sun drying, respectively. The performance of the solar dryer integrated with the PCM thermal storage was also evaluated using exergy analysis. The exergy efficiency of the drying room of the solar dryer integrated with the PCM thermal storage and the solar dryer without the PCM thermal storage for drying of chili was found to be 13.1% and 11.4%, respectively and the thermal storage helps to dry chili during adverse weather conditions. The results of exergy analysis implied that the exergy losses from the dryer with the PCM should be reduced.     

Development of inherent safety and health index for formulated product design

The numerous formulated products which are introduced to the market consist of chemical ingredients that may cause various safety and health hazards to the consumers. Therefore, it is extremely important to practice a systematic methodology to formulate products with acceptable safety and health performances. This work presents an index-based methodology to assess the safety and health hazards of the ingredients during the early formulation stage of product design. Hence, new inherent safety and health sub-indexes are introduced to improve the current safety and health hazards that are needed in formulated product design. The inherent safety and health sub-indexes are assigned with scores based on the degree of potential hazards. A higher score indicates a higher safety risk or severe health effect, and vice versa. The proposed methodology will greatly assist the users to identify the adverse safety and health effects caused by the ingredients. Hence, it is pivotal to eliminate or reduce the safety and health impacts from product usage. A case study on common ingredients used in the formulation of paint is presented on this study to describe the proposed method.     

汉江流域秦巴山区中药材资源优势与持续发展

汉江流域秦巴山区生态环境复杂，生物多样性突出，中药材资源丰富，具有很大优势，主要表现在：种类多；产量大；多名优特种类。中药材生产对山区经济发展起重要作用。中药材生产持 拟采取下列措施或途径；建设专门化生产基地；进行综合性经营；加强对野生资源保护性利用；加强科研工作。     

关于宽板塑性弯曲变薄理论解的讨论

指出了宽板塑性弯曲原理论解[1]和实验值[2]的矛盾,提出了一种新的理论解法,并与实验值作了比较,二者非常接近。     

冀东金矿成矿物质深部来源及其找矿方向

冀东是华北主要产金区之一 ,也是研究程度较高的地区。前人的研究将该区金矿分为多种成矿模式 ,矿质来自不同渊源。随着工作的不断深入、资料的不断积累 ,有必要对该区的成矿作用和金的物质来源进行再认识。总结 13个金矿床 (点 )的各种资料 ,认为该区金矿的矿质应来自深源流体。原定的各种成矿模式只是矿液在不同空间滞留成矿的结果 ,而非本质问题。找矿方向应是研究其矿液通道及其富集成矿的部位。     

煤矸石制造保温材料的研究

以煤矸石为主要原料研制的保温材料，具有耐压强度高、导热系数低等特性。通过分析煤矸石在烧成过程中的物理化学变化，在试验中揭示了煤矸石掺入量、煤矸石中的Ｆｅ￣（３＋）和Ｔｉ￣（４＋）对保温材料的性能及工艺过程的影响，并得出了烧成工艺参数与保温材料性能之间的关系。     

涂料印花废水污染治理技术

分析了涂料直接印花废水污染物成分和理化性质，提出了该废水的治理措施。     

K/T界面冲击层的岩石矿物特征及其对论证地外撞击事件的意义

分布在世界各地的K／T界面剖面，尽管形成环境各异，但彼此之间的岩石矿物特征却有许多共同之处。对于大多数剖面来说，界面粘土层的底都普遍存在着一个结构特别的冲击层。冲击层的厚度在全球的分布并不均匀，北美和加勒比海地区可达2～50cm，而其它地区则只有几厘米。冲击层的厚度可能反映了距离撞击坑的远近。详细的岩石与矿物学研究结果表明，在北美和加勒比海地区冲击层实际上具有双层结构特征。上面的一层称为火球层，除了富集Ir和其它地外指示元素外，还含有大量的烟灰和富Ni镁铁尖晶石。下面的溅射层则含有大量的冲击玻璃球粒（玻璃陨石）和冲击变质矿物。K／T界面冲击层的发现为Ir异常的地外撞击成因解释提供了更为直接的物理证据。     

塔里木西南缘下地壳低速层的成因:斜长角闪岩的纵波速度和衰减的限制

在1 0GPa,室温～1200℃条件下,测量了新疆库地地区斜长角闪岩的纵波速度(Vp)和品质因子(Q值),得出在1 0GPa恒压下,Vp和Q值随温度和深度的变化关系。结果显示,Vp和Q值随温度的升高而下降,观察实验样品并结合Vp和Q值与熔体含量的关系,发现部分熔融是影响Vp和Q值变化的主要因素。依据实验结果,并结合区域上压力梯度和温度梯度资料计算了Vp和Q值随深度的变化。结果表明Vp和Q值先随深度的增加而缓慢增大,在32km左右开始突然减小,表明开始出现低速层。结合温度和熔体含量的关系得出,低速层的出现可能是部分熔融的结果。塔里木及周边地区的地震测深以及地震反演的结果也显示,在相同的温度和压力条件下,地壳内部32～44km的范围内存在低速层,同时高温高压的实验结果与阿拉木图地区的Vp值相当一致,可以推测塔里木西南缘下地壳的岩石成分中含有斜长角闪岩。     

军港舰船油污水间歇式处理系统的研究

阐述了军港油污水间歇式处理系统的组成和处理工艺流程；较详细地分析了该系统用的无机一有机复合混凝剂和高效亲脂吸附过滤材料的性能，以及在舰船油污水处理中发挥的重要作用；试验研究表明，该处理系统工艺不复杂、操作方便，而且科技含量高、处理效果好。