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61.
Decomposition mass loss and pyrolysis products analyses of particles sampled at various locations along the tailpipe of a Euro-IV diesel engine were performed using a thermogravimetry in conjunction with Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry-mass spectrum. Diesel particles were collected at the same location with and without diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) mounted on the test engine separately. The three poles in thermal gravity-differential thermal gravity images suggested that the decomposition process of diesel particles could be divided into three stages which correspond to the decompositions of lower boiling substances, higher boiling substances and soot respectively. It is noticed that no matter whether DOC was mounted or not, the further the particles were sampled away from the engine block, the lower the peak temperatures and the heavier the mass losses within the first two stages, which indicated that the soluble organic fraction in the particle samples increased and therefore lowering the activation energy of thermal decomposition. Hydroxyl, ammonia, CxHy fragments, benzene, toluene, and phenol were found to be the primary products of particle decomposition, which didn't change with the location of particle sample point. The employment of DOC increased the activation energy for particle oxidation and resulted in a higher peak temperature and lower mass loss within the first-stage. Moreover, the CO stretching bands of aldehyde and ketone at 1771 cm?1 was only detected without a DOC, while the NO2 peak at 1634 cm?1 was solely noticed with the presence of DOC. Compared to the first-stage pyrolysis products, more polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and less CxHy fragments were seen in the second-stage. 相似文献
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本文主要介绍环境中汞污染的来源;汞及其化合物的毒性,并且着重说明甲基汞对人类健康的损害状况;同时也介绍对环境中的无机汞和有机汞的监测分析方法,其中几种比较常用的甲基汞的分析方法。 相似文献
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对一种富烯土型三效催化剂的性能进行了考察,结果表明:该催化剂具有较好的三效活性和较好的启燃温度特性,具有较宛的空速适应范围,在空速为84000h^-1时,CO,NOx的转化率仍在90%以上,HC转化率仍在70%以上,该催化剂具有较好的耐老化性能,经实验室快速老化实验,即相当于实车行驶8万km,CO劣化系数,1.09,HC劣化系1.05,NOx劣化系数1.06,该催化剂经桑塔纳轿车整车28工况测试,其交化效果与该车配置的美国Engelherd公司的催化剂相当。 相似文献
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贫燃条件下汽车尾气中NOx催化净化研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
汽车尾气排放的NOx(主要是NO)是城市大气的主要污染源之一。本综述了近l0年来贫燃条件下NOx催化转化为N2的催化剂研究进展。这些方法包括HC-SCR、NO直接催化分解、NOx吸附-还原等。讨论了不同催化剂的性能影响因素。新的负载材料MFI、MCM-41、SAPO-34的应用增强了催化剂的性能。双功能催化剂由于两种活性位的协同作用表现出较高的活性和选择性。新的纳米结构概念催化剂NOx吸附还原中发现有广泛应用。介绍了上述催化脱除NOx的各种机理并指出了今后研究的方向。 相似文献
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Jon E. Schoonover Karl W. J. Williard 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2003,39(2):347-354
ABSTRACT: Ground water contamination by excess nitrate leaching in row‐crop fields is an important issue in intensive agricultural areas of the United States and abroad. Giant cane and forest riparian buffer zones were monitored to determine each cover type's ability to reduce ground water nitrate concentrations. Ground water was sampled at varying distances from the field edge to determine an effective width for maximum nitrate attenuation. Ground water samples were analyzed for nitrate concentrations as well as chloride concentrations, which were used as a conservative ion to assess dilution or concentration effects within the riparian zone. Significant nitrate reductions occurred in both the cane and the forest riparian buffer zones within the first 3.3 m, a relatively narrow width. In this first 3.3 m, the cane and forest buffer reduced ground water nitrate levels by 90 percent and 61 percent, respectively. Approximately 40 percent of the observed 99 percent nitrate reduction over the 10 m cane buffer could be attributed to dilution by upwelling ground water. Neither ground water dilution nor concentration was observed in the forest buffer. The ground water nitrate attenuation capabilities of the cane and forest riparian zones were not statistically different. During the spring, both plant assimilation and denitrification were probably important nitrate loss mechanisms, while in the summer nitrate was more likely lost via denitrification since the water table dropped below the rooting zone. 相似文献