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201.
Fayun Feng Yisong Li Jing Ge Jinjin Chen Wayne Jiang Shuang He 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2017,52(10):736-744
The degradation of chlorpyrifos (CP) by an endophytic bacterial strain (HJY) isolated from Chinese chives (Allium tuberosum Rottl. ex Spreng) was investigated. Strain HJY was identified as Sphingomonas sp. based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical tests and a 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Approximately 96% of 20 mg L?1 CP was degraded by strain HJY over 15 days in liquid minimal salts medium (MSM). The CP degradation rate could also be increased by glucose supplementation. The optimal conditions for the removal of 20 mg L?1 CP by strain HJY in MSM were 2% inoculum density, pH 6.0, and 30–35°C. The CP degradation rate constant and half-life were 0.2136 ± 0.0063 d?1 and 3.2451 ± 0.0975 d, respectively, under these conditions, but were raised to 0.7961 ± 0.1925 d?1 and 0.8707 ± 0.3079 d with 1% glucose supplementation. The detection of metabolic products and screening for degrading genes indicated that O,O-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloropyridinol was the major degradation product from CP, while it was likely that some functional genes were undetected and the mechanism responsible for CP degradation by strain HJY remained unknown. Strain HJY is potentially useful for the reduction of CP residues in Chinese chives and may be used for the in situ phytoremediation of CP. 相似文献
202.
Maria G. Fernandez Juri Julian Muzzolon Ana M. Dalcero Carina E. Magnoli 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(11):983-992
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect by the cross-streak method of nine Enterococcus faecium strains isolated from faeces of healthy dogs and their treated and non-treated cell-free supernatant (CFS) by the well-diffusion test on the growth of potentially pathogenic bacteria isolated from clinical cases and aflatoxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi and the consequent aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) production. Results obtained from the cross-strake assay showed that E. faecium MF1, GJ18 and GJ40 presented the major inhibitory activity against all pathogenic strains assayed; E. faecium GJ40 produced the larger inhibitory zones (26–27 mm). Well-diffusion test results showed that the majority of the enterococci strains CFS had antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic microorganisms, especially on Gram negative indicators. Cell-free supernatant of E. faecium GJ40 was the one that produced the largest inhibition zones (14 to 21 mm) in the majority of the indicator microorganisms assayed. All supernatants treated with 10 N NaOH (pH6) showed no inhibitory effect on the indicator strain assayed. With respect to fungal inhibition, any of the CFS assayed significantly inhibited the Aspergillus strains growth. But, in general, all CFS reduced AFB1 production from 8 to 87%. The results demonstrate that enterococci isolated from healthy dog feaces produce substances with the capacity to inhibit some potential pathogenic bacteria growth and the capacity of inhibiting or reducing the AFB1 production in vitro. 相似文献
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针对一株具有明显溶藻效果的水单胞菌CA(Aquimonas sp.),对其滤液的溶藻活性以及溶藻物质特性做了进一步的探索。结果表明,CA滤液具有强烈的溶藻效果。10 d内叶绿素a降解率达79.2%,藻细胞数目降解率达98.5%。同时,藻蓝蛋白和别藻蓝蛋白急剧降低,分别降低了81.67%和82.60%。丙二醛含量也有所降低。通过研究溶藻物质的活性,发现溶藻物质经蛋白酶K处理后仍具有溶藻活性,说明溶藻物质是非蛋白类物质;溶藻物质具有较强的热稳定性,即使在121℃下处理2 h活性仍未丧失;溶藻物质在碱性条件下有较强的pH稳定性,在酸性条件下活性会有小部分丧失;同时通过有机试剂萃取,发现溶藻物质具有较强的极性。本研究为溶藻物质的溶藻特性研究以及溶藻物质的分离提供了理论基础。 相似文献
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206.
The aim of this work was to evaluate effects of endophytic bacterium inoculation on plant growth and assess the possible mechanism of endophyte in heavy metal phytoremediation. Seeds of Solanum nigrum L. were inoculated with endophyte Serratia nematodiphila LRE07 and were subjected to Cd in the growing medium. Cd produced a significant inhibition on plant growth and a reduction in the content of photosynthetic pigments. The inoculation of endophytic bacterium alleviated the Cd-induced changes, resulting in more biomass production and higher photosynthetic pigments content of leaves compared with non-symbiotic ones. The beneficial effect was more obvious at relatively low Cd concentration (10 μM). Based on the alteration of nutrient uptake and activated oxygen metabolism in infected plants, the possible mechanisms of endophytic bacterium in Cd phytotoxicity reduction can be concluded as uptake enhancement of essential mineral nutrition and improvement in the antioxidative enzymes activities in infected plant. 相似文献
207.
Suzuki Y Nakamura M Otsuka Y Suzuki N Ohyama K Kawakami T Sato K Kajita S Hishiyama S Fujii T Takahashi A Katayama Y 《Chemosphere》2011,83(6):868-872
We characterized the ability of the cell free extract from polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins degrading bacterium Geobacillus sp. UZO 3 to reduce even highly chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins such as octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins in incineration fly ash. The degradation of 2,7-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,7-DCDD) as a model dioxin catalyzed by the cell free extract from this strain implicates that the ether bonds of 2,7-DCDD molecule undergo reductive cleavage, since 4′,5-dichloro-2-hydroxydiphenyl ether and 4-chlorophenol were detected as intermediate products of 2,7-DCDD degradation. 相似文献
208.
真菌和细菌协同作用对染料的吸附与脱色降解 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
比较了5种真菌对染料水中染料的吸附去除和与脱色降解细菌L-1菌株(Enterobacter sp.)和L-2菌株(Pseudomonas sp.)对吸附染料的脱色降解能力;以吸附去除率和完全脱色时间综合评价,对筛选出的吸附性强并与细菌共培养时染料分子脱色降解速度快的绿曲霉为染料吸附菌,进一步测定了温度和pH值对绿曲霉吸附和与细菌共培养脱色降解活性黄M-3RE(C.I.Re.Ye.145)的影响.结果表明,温度对绿曲霉的吸附能力影响不大,在16~36 ℃下吸附5 h对活性黄M-3RE的去除率在95.1%~97.9%之间,但染料的完全脱色降解时间受温度影响较大,32~36 ℃下染料分子脱色降解较快.pH值对绿曲霉和细菌吸附、脱色降解能力均有一定影响.利用绿曲霉和细菌对印染行业中染料含量较高的染浴废水进行处理,绿曲霉可通过吸附作用快速去除废水中的染料分子,废水经绿曲霉处理5 h,色度、COD去除率分别为85.8%和56.1%,BOD/COD值由处理前的0.238提高到处理后的0.652,吸附在菌丝上的染料分子在细菌的共同作用下脱色降解. 相似文献
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210.