论行业协会的产业安全阀功能

经济全球化背景下，产业安全问题成为影响中国产业竞争力的重要因素．行业协会对产业具有特殊的安全阀功能．发展中国行业协会，关键取决于政府对其的推动和扶持．     

甲醛光催化降解与过氧化氢生成的相关性研究

分别采用两种光催化剂(TiO2与Pd/TiO2)和三种紫外光源(黑光灯、杀菌灯、臭氧灯)分解水溶液中的甲醛,同时以酶法测定光催化降解过程中生成的低浓度过氧化氢.发现波长较短的紫外光源生成过氧化氢的浓度较高.当以臭氧灯为光源时,无论是否有催化剂存在,生成的过氧化氢浓度都在50mmol·m-3以上,因为185nm以下的紫外光可以直接由水与溶解氧生成臭氧,而后生成过氧化氢.不管有无催化剂存在,在臭氧灯作用下,甲醛溶液中生成的过氧化氢浓度高于纯水中生成的过氧化氢浓度.但是,在以黑光灯或臭氧灯为光源时,上述结果正好相反.此外,对于每种光源而言,当采用Pd/TiO2代替TiO2时,甲醛的分解和过氧化氢的生成都得到加强.甲醛光催化分解速率与相同条件下纯水中过氧化氢的生成速率呈正比,表明光催化降解的活性与光催化生成过氧化氢的能力近似呈正相关.     

酸改性纳米TiO_2降解模拟污染物的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了酸改性纳米二氧化钛,并用XRD、UV-vis等测定技术对所制得的粉体试样进行了表征,同时以甲基橙为模拟污染物,评价了改性后纳米二氧化钛的光催化性能,发现其光催化活性大大高于未改性二氧化钛粉体。并从酸改性的样品中筛选出了光催化活性最好的粉体,以光催化降解苯酚为模型反应,确立了降解的最优条件。     

A simple and cheap method for preparation of coupled ZrO2/ZnO with high photocatalytic activities

The objective of this study was to prepare a new photocatalyst with high activities for degradation of organic pollutants. Coupled ZrO₂/ZnO photocatalyst was prepared with a simple precipitation method with cheap raw materials zinc acetate and zirconium oxychloride, and was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Reactive brilliant red X-3B was used as a model compound to investigate the photocatalytic activity of synthesized catalysts in water under 254 nm UV irradiation. Results show that the optimal calcination temperature and coupling molar ratio of Zr were 350°C And 2.5%, respectively. At the calcination temperature of 350°C, ZrO₂ was dispersed on the surface of hexagonal ZnO in the form of amorphous clusters. The particle size of ZrO₂/ZnO decreased with the decrease of calcination temperature and the increase of Zr coupling amount. ZrO₂/ZnO has better photocatalytic activity for degradation of reactive brilliant red (RBR) X-3B than pure ZnO and P25-TiO₂.     

纳米二氧化钛光催化降解斯蒂酚酸影响因素的研究

研究了几种阳离子和pH值对纳米二氧化钛光催化降解斯蒂酚酸的影响。结果表明 :在实验条件下 ,Fe3+ 、Cu2 + 、Zn2 + 3种阳离子使光催化的效果增强 ,Mn2 + 对光催化产生一定的抑制作用 ,水体pH值高于或低于二氧化钛等电点时对光催化降解有促进作用。在实验研究的基础上 ,对机理进行了初步探讨     

掺入金属离子的TiO2纳米粒子光催化降解吖啶橙

利用酸催化溶胶－凝胶法（ｓｏｌ－ｇｅｌ）制备了 Ｆｅ３＋和 Ｃｒ３＋不同掺入量的 ＴｉＯ２半导体纳米粒子研究了这些纳米粒子对吖啶橙光催化氧化降解的影响．结果表明，微量 Ｆｅ３＋和 Ｃｒ３＋的掺入可明显提高 ＴｉＯ２的光催化活性．进一步研究表明，在 Ｆｅ３＋－ＴｉＯ２体系中，最佳掺入量为 ０．１％，而且中性介质和自然光有利于光催化氧化反应的进行，反应３ｈ后降解率可达９７．７５％．在Ｃｒ３＋－ＴｉＯ２体系中，弱碱性介质和自然光有利于光催化氧化反应，最佳掺入量为０．０５％，降解率可达８７．５４％．     

氮掺杂型纳米TiO2在可见光及太阳光下的光催化性能研究

采用钛酸四丁酯为原料,以氨水水解-沉淀法制备出了氮掺杂型纳米TiO2催化剂(N/TiO2),以XRD、XPS、UV-Vis等手段对其进行表征;并通过对偶氮染料橙黄G的降解反应,研究了N/TiO2在可见光及太阳光下的光催化性能,探讨了pH值、外加H2O2氧化剂对光催化降解率的影响,并与P25型纳米TiO2进行了对比.结果表明,在可见光下,N/TiO2对橙黄G具有较高的催化活性,反应150min后降解率可达96.29%,显著高于P25型TiO2(42.55%);在太阳光下,N/TiO2对橙黄G的光催化降解速率较快,反应60min降解率与P25型TiO2基本相同,分别为99.37%、99.94%;较低的pH值环境并适量添加H2O2可显著提高N/TiO2催化效率,在可见光及太阳光下的最佳pH值均为2～3,最佳H2O2加入量分别为0.5mL·L-1、1.5 mL·L-1.     

纳米TiO2光催化-SBR工艺处理印染废水的研究

采用纳米"TiO2光催化-SBR"联合工艺对印染废水进行处理.实验所用装置为自行设计的"TiO2光催化-SBR"装置,利用偶联剂法将纳米TiO2附着于聚丙烯多面小球表面作为催化剂.光催化降解阶段以催化剂使用量、pH值和溶解氧(DO)为因素进行正交实验,最佳处理工况为1000个催化剂填料、pH值为8.0、溶解氧浓度为4.0mg·L-1;在SBR处理阶段主要考察反应器曝气时间以及沉淀时间对处理效果的影响,其最佳曝气时间和沉淀时间分别为2.5h、1h.实验结果表明,最终出水的色度、CODCr和BOD5去除率分别为90%、85%和94%.     

Effects of common inorganic anions on the rates of photocatalytic degradation of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate over illuminated titanium dioxide

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＳｉｎｃｅｅａｒｌｙ 1 990ｓ,ｔｈｅｒｅｍｅｄｉａｔｉｏｎｏｆｗａｔｅｒｏｒｇａｎｉｃｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎｗｉｔｈａｄｖａｎｃｅｄｏｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｈａｓａｒｏｕｓｅｄａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｓｆｒｏｍｗｏｒｌｄｗｉｄｅ(Ｄ’Ｏｌｉｖｅｉｒａ ,1 990 ;Ｏｌｌｉｓ ,1 991 ;Ｈｉｄａｋａ ,1 995;Ｓｕｎａｄａ,1 998;Ｔａｎａｋａ ,2 0 0 0 ) .Ｒｅｍａｒｋａｂｌｅｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓｈａｓｂｅｅｎｏｂｔａｉｎｅｄｏｖｅｒｔｈｅａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｐｈｏｔｏｃａｔａｌｙｚｅｄｏｘ…     

Characterization of metal doped-titanium dioxide and behaviors on photocatalytic oxidation of nitrogen oxides

A series of nanosized ion-doped TiO_2 catalysts with different ion content(between 0.1 at.% and 1.0 at.%) have been prepared by wet impregnation method and investigated with respect to their behavior for UV photocatalytic oxidation of nitric oxide.The catalytic activity was correlated with structural,electronic and surface examinations of the catalysts using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD),ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)absorption spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),energy disperse spectrometer (EDS)and high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) techniques.An enhancement of the photocatalytic activity was observed for Zn~(2 ) doping catalyst ranged from 0.1 at.% to 1.0 at.% which was attributed to the lengthened lifetime of electrons and holes.The improvement in photocatalytic activity could be also observed with the low doping concentration of Cr~(3 )(0.1 at.%). However,the doping of Fe~(3 ),Mo~(6 ),Mn~(2 ) and the high doping concentration of Cr~(3 ) had no contribution to photocatalytic activity of nitric oxide.