活性碳纤维（PAN—ACF）对SO2的物理吸附、传质机理和扩散的探讨

本文研究ＰＡＮ－ＡＣＦ的主要结构参数，探讨了ＡＣＦ对ＳＯ２的物理吸附、脱附性能以及传质机理，得出传质过程为内扩散控制，并计算出扩散系数Ｄ值约为活性炭Ｄ的５０－１７０倍。     

泥膜复合SBR工艺的脱氮除磷效果的研究

为了提高传统sBR脱氮除磷效率,采用泥膜复合sBR工艺处理人工模拟生活污水,通过小试试验探讨了不同泥龄系统脱氮除磷能力的影响。结果表明：系统不仅对TN、TP表现出稳定良好的去除效率,出水TN、TP浓度符合《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918—2002）的一级A标准;而且提高了系统抗冲击负荷能力。     

粘土基多孔陶瓷吸附处理Cu~(2+)废水

文章以粘土为骨料,蛭石为改性剂,通过添加造孔剂法制备了粘土基多孔陶瓷吸附剂,研究了溶液中Cu2+初始浓度、pH值以及蛭石添加量对多孔陶瓷吸附性能的影响。结果表明:多孔陶瓷吸附Cu2+的最佳条件为添加蛭石1%,溶液pH为5;当初始浓度为20~100 mg/L时,Cu2+吸附率达到82%~62%,吸附平衡时间为1.5~6 h;吸附动力学表明多孔陶瓷对Cu2+的吸附大致分为两个阶段;其吸附行为可用Langmuir方程和Freundlich方程来描述。     

地热环境下NO3-在多孔介质中的运移机制研究

以河南省新近系明化镇组热储层细砂为多孔介质,在15～60℃的低温地热范围内,以硝酸盐为示踪剂开展室内土柱试验,并采用CXTFIT 2.1软件进行数据拟合来研究其运移机制.首先在40℃,达西流速2.62 cm/h、6.18 cm/h时研究了硝酸盐的运移机制及其时空变化规律,然后探讨了运移参数随温度的变化规律.结果表明,溶质的运移主要集中在可动区,不可动区的运移及质量传递可忽略,一维对流-弥散模型可以很好地表征其运移机制,并能有效预测硝酸盐质量浓度的时空变化情况.硝酸盐的纵向弥散系数、分子扩散系数、机械弥散系数及多孔介质的弥散度值均随温度升高而增加,但Peclet数相反,由弥散引起的溶质运移作用随温度升高而逐渐增强.     

多孔吸声材料流阻测试实践介绍

本文简单介绍多孔吸声材料流阻测试的初步实践,以促进同行交流。     

Effectiveness and application of modified wind turbine coating: Adding ionic liquids to titanium dioxide and diatomaceous earth

Wind turbines are a green energy source that Taiwan has been endeavouring to develop in the past five years. Excellent onshore wind farms have already been developed; however, offshore development is inevitable because of Taiwan's limited land area. With regard to energy sustainability, operation and trouble-free maintenance of wind farms are essential. If damage to fan components can be mostly prevented, the operating cost and maintenance time would be considerably decreased; thus, remarkable economic benefits could be achieved. An appropriate coating can help a structure resist the stress of the working environment and improve its durability, resulting in lower maintenance cost and less staff being required to perform on-site repairs. Diatomaceous earth (DE) has been widely used to produce composite porous materials. In this study, epoxy resin and titanium dioxide were mixed with DE to increase the hydrophobicity of the surface of coatings and provide them photocatalytic self-cleaning ability. The ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate was also added to the coatings to prevent the corrosion of coated metallic material. This study employed thermal analysis to investigate the thermal stability of the coatings and the corrosion resistance of coated iron blocks. Finally, a self-made quartz container was connected to a volatile organic compound detector, and sun exposure was simulated using ultraviolet light. The results confirmed that the modified coating retained its functionality under the harsh working environment and can be applied to the surfaces of large machinery used in offshore wind turbine towers.     

Superior CO2 uptake on nitrogen doped carbonaceous adsorbents from commercial phenolic resin

In this study, N-doped porous carbons were produced with commercial phenolic resin as the raw material, urea as the nitrogen source and KOH as the activation agent. Different from conventional carbonization-nitriding-activation three-step method, a facile two-step process was explored to produce N-incorporated porous carbons. The as-obtained adsorbents hold superior CO₂ uptake, i.e. 5.01 and 7.47 mmol/g at 25?°C and 0?°C under 1 bar, respectively. The synergistic effects of N species on the surface and narrow micropores of the adsorbents decide their CO₂ uptake under 25?°C and atmospheric pressure. These phenolic resin-derived adsorbents also possess many extremely promising CO₂ adsorption features like good recyclability, quick adsorption kinetics, modest heat of adsorption, great selectivity of CO₂ over N₂ and outstanding dynamic adsorption capacity. Cheap precursor, easy preparation strategy and excellent CO₂ adsorption properties make these phenolic resin-derived N-doped carbonaceous adsorbents highly promising in CO₂ capture.     

磁性共价有机框架的制备方法研究

磁性共价有机框架（magnetic covalent organic framework,MCOFs）是一种新型多孔结晶有机框架材料,由于其结合了磁性纳米颗粒和共价有机框架（covalent organic frameworks,COFs）的优点,具有比表面积大、热稳定性和化学稳定性良好、饱和磁化强度高等特点,能够快速实现污染物与溶液的分离,弥补了COFs难以分离和回收的缺点,因此在磁性固相萃取、生物检测、传感等方面具有巨大的潜在应用.然而关于MCOFs制备方法的文章鲜见报道,其制备方法根据磁性纳米颗粒与COFs不同的连接形式而不尽相同,根据2011—2019年关于MCOFs的重要文献,综述了目前MCOFs的制备方法,包括包覆法、单体聚合法及原位合成法等,指出了不同制备方法的优缺点,同时探讨了MCOFs今后的发展方向和潜在应用,希望能够为MCOFs研究提供理论依据.包覆法制备条件较温和,保存了磁性纳米颗粒的完整性,是最为广泛应用的一种策略方法;单体聚合法操作简单,但制备条件苛刻,可控性不强;原位合成法制备MCOFs更多依赖于单体聚合法制备的共价三嗪骨架,需要不断开发基于其他类型COFs的MCOFs制备条件.今后MCOFs的制备方法应从材料设计多样性、应用广泛性等方面进行考虑,并向有望实现大规模工业应用方面发展.      

混合钠-钙电解质溶液的物质的量比和胶体粒径对胶体在饱和多孔介质中运移的影响

通过室内砂柱实验,研究了饱和多孔介质中,相同离子强度条件下,混合钠-钙电解质溶液的Ca~(2+)/Na~+物质的量比和胶体粒径对胶体运移的影响.实验结果表明,胶体粒径相同时,随着背景电解质溶液物质的量比的增大,胶体的滞留量增多;物质的量比相同时,相同质量浓度条件下,粒径越小的胶体滞留量越大.经模型拟合,考虑Langmuirian动力学阻塞和与深度有关的沉积行为的对流-弥散-吸附-解吸方程能够很好地描述本次实验条件下胶体在饱和多孔介质中的运移行为.     

微生物在多孔介质中环境行为研究

多孔介质中的致病细菌及病毒等病原微生物迁移研究对保护饮用水资源具有重要意义.在归纳总结国内外已有研究资料的基础上,对微生物在多孔介质中迁移行为进行了分析.研究表明病原微生物作为生物胶体的一种,在迁移过程中受多种迁移机制共同作用.除常见水动力条件和水化学条件外,微生物在迁移过程中还受自身性质,介质颗粒及环境因素的影响.在此基础上,分别讨论了微生物在饱和多孔介质与非饱和多孔介质中的迁移行为,并对近年来研究热点及进展进行了简要概括.目前微生物在地下水中迁移研究日益丰富,但由于地下环境复杂性,微生物的易变异性,对于地下水系统中微生物造成的污染去除修复还需进一步探讨.