矸石山自燃阻化剂的阻化机理研究

为了防治矸石山的自燃和改善矿区环境质量,揭示和研究矸石山煤矸石自燃阻化剂的阻化作用机理,寻求高效的煤矸石山自燃阻化剂,通过在煤矸石中添加各类自燃阻化剂,在柱箱中进行空气氧化程序升温实验,并利用气相色谱仪对不同氧化温度下分离出的气体中O2,CO,CO2以及各种烃类组分的含量进行分析,研究其自燃发生、发展的规律,从而为研究矸石山煤矸石的自燃阻化提供理论依据。实验研究表明,带有吸附基团的高聚物和表面活性剂组成的聚合物乳液对煤矸石自燃具有较好的阻化作用。该研究成果对矸石山煤矸石自燃治理具有一定的指导意义。     

液膜法处理含氨氮废水的研究

用液膜法处理含氨氮废水,具有膜薄、比表面积大、分离效率高、分离速度快、成本低、节能、用途广等优点.     

A/O生物膜法处理乳液聚合ABS树脂生产废水

采用混凝—A/O生物膜法处理乳液聚合ABS树脂生产废水,确定了混凝预处理工序PAC和PAM的投加量,考察了混合液回流比(R)和A/O段总水力停留时间(HRT)对废水中COD,NH_4~+-N,SS,TN等污染物去除效果的影响。实验结果表明,在HRT为18～24 h、R为2～3的工艺条件下,A/O生物膜法好氧段发生了同步硝化反硝化反应,废水经处理后,出水COD小于60.0 mg/L,ρ(NH_4~+-N)小于5.0 mg/L,TN小于15.0 mg/L,达到了GB 31570—2015《石油炼制工业污染物排放标准》的要求。     

液膜法处理氨氮废水的动力学过程与工艺条件

微碱性条件下，废水中的氨氮以ＮＨ３形态选择性透过液膜，属Ｉ型促进迁移。测定了液膜体系对氨氮分离的反应速度常数，给出了该反应的简化传质速率方程；考察了液膜组成、外相废水ｐＨ值、内相解吸剂等因素对传质过程和氨氮去除率的影响。当乳水比Ｒｅｗ＝１：１０，接触时间５－８ｍｉｎ，可使氨氮含量为１０００ｍｇ／Ｌ的废水一级去除率达９８％以上，处理后的废水符合排放标准。     

化学破乳-Fenton氧化处理乳化液废水

采用化学破乳-Fenton试剂处理乳化液废水,考察了相关因素对处理效果的影响特点和规律.实验结果表明,酸化作用中,静电作用对破乳有着关键性影响,降低乳化液废水pH值,有利于乳化液废水的油水分离;混凝剂投加量和废水pH值直接决定着破乳效果,油滴分散体系脱稳的适宜pH值既能使油滴间静电斥力较小,又能使大分子量的、大比表面积的多核络合离子通过电中和、吸附架桥、卷扫的作用来强化油水分散体系脱稳.Fenton氧化中,对于特定的Fe2+浓度,随着n(H2O2)/n(Fe2+)增加,COD去除程度增加,但增加的幅度越来越小,同时COD去除率达到稳定所需要的时间相应增加,适宜的摩尔比为20;废水Fenton体系H2O2开始阶段急速降低然后趋于平缓,体系Fe2+反应开始很短时间内急剧降低并趋于某一稳定值,H2O2浓度、Fe2+浓度随时间变化遵循一级反应动力学模型.     

Field investigation of pavement rehabilitation utilizing cold in-place recycling

Despite the widespread field and laboratory research works there are still a lot of unknown aspects about the cold in-place recycling. This paper presents the outcomes of a five year evaluation of a major highway in Iran which had been rehabilitated by cold in-place recycling. Before starting the rehabilitation process, a comprehensive field survey was performed. During the pavement surveying, type, severity and reason of distresses were investigated and PCI parameter was calculated. Furthermore, both destructive and nondestructive tests were carried out to evaluate the pavement condition and estimate the remaining life. On the basis of these investigations studied highway was divided to six design sections. Based on technical analysis four sections were recycled whereas two other sections were rehabilitated with the conventional cold milling and overlay method. Afterwards, the pavement performance was monitored during the next 5 years. After about six months of monitoring, structural failures were detected in about 10% of recycled areas. Based on field surveying, low compaction and load bearing of subgrade materials and lack of high quality unbound pavement layers accompanied by some shortcomings in recycled layer resulted in undesirable results in these areas. Based on obtained results and performed analysis a practical flowchart was presented which could be used as a project selection guideline.     

乳化液膜法处理石油石化废水的研究

炼厂酸性汽提净化水中酚含量高，限制了汽提净化水回用效率，需进行脱酚处理。本研究采用煤油、span-80、液体石蜡、磷酸三丁酯和NaOH构建乳化液膜，探究其对酸性水汽提净化水的脱酚效率。运用以响应曲面法（RSM）为依据的Box-Behnken设计，以span-80投加量、液体石蜡投加量、油相/内相比和制乳转速为影响因素，建立了汽提净化水中苯酚去除率的二次回归预测模型，并优化了处理条件。结果表明，液体石蜡投加量对苯酚去除率的影响最为显著，其次是span-80投加量。通过RSM分析得到汽提净化水脱酚的最佳实验条件为：span-80投加量2wt%，液体石蜡投加量15%v/v，油内比为1:1，制乳转速取6000r/min，此时苯酚去除率为98.65%。反应后的液膜易于破乳，破乳率达98.33%，且回收油相可循环利用，从而大大节约成本实现资源化。