乳状液膜法治理草甘膦废水

采用液膜分离技术从草甘膦生产废水中回收可利用资源草甘膦,并通过实际工业废水进行验证。主要考察了外水相pH值、乳水比及内水相浓度对草甘膦去除的影响。试验结果表明:以航空煤油为溶剂,3%表面活性剂(质量分数),4%载体(体积分数),10%NaOH内水相,油内比Roi为2∶1乳状液膜体系,处理初始浓度为1%的草甘膦工业废水,在pH值为2,乳水比Rew为1∶5的传质条件下,草甘膦去除率可达85%以上。     

户外耐烃类火灾膨胀型隧道防火涂料的制备及性能研究

针对隧道防火要求,开发一种可用于户外环境下保护隧道混凝土结构的耐烃类火灾的NPD型膨胀隧道防火涂料,并对硅丙乳液和纳米二氧化钛(TiO2)用量对涂料性能的影响进行了讨论。结果表明:硅丙乳液和纳米TiO2的加入提高了防火涂料的粘结强度和耐水性能,其中分别添加质量百分数为25%、09%的硅丙乳液和纳米TiO2后涂料的性能达到最优。添加质量百分数为25%硅丙乳液后,涂料的粘结强度和耐水极限分别达到020MPa和14天;而添加09%的纳米TiO2后涂料的粘结强度提高到035MPa,耐水极限达到24天,耐火     

一株芽孢杆菌及其破乳特性研究

从某油污样品中分离、筛选出一株破乳菌株10#,经鉴定属芽孢杆菌属。该菌株对油田稳定O/W乳化液具明显的破乳效果。该菌株最佳培养条件为:温度30~35℃,pH7.0~7.5,生长时间48~72h,碳源为液体石蜡。该菌株在培养48h后具有明显而稳定的破乳效果,破乳活性部位为菌体。     

周集铁矿水包油型乳状钻井液破乳问题研究

钻井液的配方和特性对钻井液体系的稳定性与钻进能否顺利完成有着直接的关系。针对周集铁矿ZK1725井钻井液体系的破乳问题进行了试验研究。将OP-10、吐温-80、司盘-80分别加入皂化油中制成乳状钻井液,并测试其稳定性,结果发现含有OP-10、吐温-80的乳状液有防破乳的功效,同时测定这两个样品的润滑性,发现加入OP-10或吐温-80会使水包油型乳状钻井液的润滑性下降;后续试验中测试了加入皂化油和OP-10的某水基泥浆的性能,结果发现加入这两种药品使得该体系的黏度提高较少,而润滑性提高了67%,可见OP-10对于钻井液性能的影响微乎其微。     

油包水型乳化液水击波速的分析

水击驻波场处理油包水型乳化液是一门新兴工艺,稳定驻波场的存在是破乳的关键,而水击压力波波速在驻波场形成中起着重要的作用。因此,为了更精确的求解水击波速,从W/O型乳化液两相流产生水击现象的特点出发,根据流体力学的连续性原理,推导其水击波波速的表达式,并与经典单相流水击波波速公式进行对比,通过MATLAB仿真分析与对比验...     

乳化炸药高压热分解试验研究

为分析压力在乳化炸药泵送事故中的影响,运用高压加速量热仪对乳化炸药、硝酸铵和含有10%水分的硝酸铵样品热分解特性进行研究。结果表明:压力对于乳化炸药,硝酸铵和含有10%水分硝酸铵样品的热分解有着显著的影响,压力条件下虽然起始分解温度基本没有变化,但是样品反应速率有了显著的升高,导致放热量增大。水分的存在阻碍硝酸铵的热分解,在乳化炸药配方中适当增加水份含量可以提高乳化炸药生产安全性。分析认为相比于温度,压力对于泵送事故的影响更为关键。     

淀粉-g-丙烯酸/凹凸棒土复合物制备及其吸附废水中NH_4~＋-N性能

采用反相乳液聚合法以凹凸棒土为原料,合成了新型NH4＋-N吸附剂淀粉-g-丙烯酸/凹凸棒土,并进行了氨氮吸附对比实验。结果表明：凹凸棒土氨氮单位吸附量为4.243 mg/g;淀粉-g-丙烯酸/凹凸棒土氨氮单位吸附量为5.301 mg/g,吸附能力比未改性的凹凸棒土提高了25%。淀粉-g-丙烯酸/凹凸棒土的氨氮吸附过程比...     

液膜技术及其应用研究进展

文中综述了液膜技术的传质机理、类型、特点和在废水处理领域的研究,为使该项技术能实现大规模的工业应用,目前需要解决的问题,以及近年来液膜分离技术的研究进展。     

无皂乳液聚合改性废聚苯乙烯

以聚(甲基丙烯酸丁酯—丙烯酸钠)(P (BMA- AANa))为乳化剂,采用无皂乳液聚合技术,利用BMA对废聚苯乙烯(PS)泡沫塑料进行接枝改性.实验得出适宜的工艺条件:P(BMA - AANa)质量分数为51.5％,m(BMA)∶m(丙烯酸)=4∶6,PS和BMA质量分数之和为10.0％;m(PS)∶m(BMA) =...     

Rain‐washing of mimic®, RH‐5992, from balsam fir foliage following application of two formulations

Abstract

Two formulation concentrates of the insecticide, RH‐5992 [N'‐t‐butyl‐N'‐(3,5‐dimethylbenzoyl)‐N‐(4‐ethylbenzoyI) hydrazine], an aqueous flowable (2F) and an emulsion‐suspension (ES), were diluted with water to provide spray mixes containing dosage rates ranging from 35 to 150 g of the active ingredient (AI)/ha. The mixes were sprayed in a laboratory chamber, onto balsam fir branch tips collected from field trees and greenhouse‐grown seedlings. Droplet spectra and spray mass recovery were determined on artificial samplers. Simulated rainfall of two different intensities was applied at different rain‐free periods, and rain droplet sizes were determined. Foliar washoff of RH‐5992 was assessed after application of different amounts of rain, and the increase in soil residues was evaluated.

A direct relationship was indicated between the amount of rainfall and RH‐5992 washoff. The larger the rain droplet size, the greater the amount washed off. Longer rain‐free periods made the deposits more resistant to rain. Regardless of the amount of rainfall, rain droplet size and rain‐free period, foliar deposits of the 2F formulation were washed off to a greater extent than the ES formulation. The increase in soil residues due to foliar washoff was greater for the 2F than for the ES formulation. The deposits of the emulsion‐suspension were consistently more resistant to rain‐washing than those of the aqueous flowable formulation.