无皂乳液聚合改性废聚苯乙烯

以聚(甲基丙烯酸丁酯—丙烯酸钠)(P (BMA- AANa))为乳化剂,采用无皂乳液聚合技术,利用BMA对废聚苯乙烯(PS)泡沫塑料进行接枝改性.实验得出适宜的工艺条件:P(BMA - AANa)质量分数为51.5％,m(BMA)∶m(丙烯酸)=4∶6,PS和BMA质量分数之和为10.0％;m(PS)∶m(BMA) =...     

Rain‐washing of mimic®, RH‐5992, from balsam fir foliage following application of two formulations

Abstract

Two formulation concentrates of the insecticide, RH‐5992 [N'‐t‐butyl‐N'‐(3,5‐dimethylbenzoyl)‐N‐(4‐ethylbenzoyI) hydrazine], an aqueous flowable (2F) and an emulsion‐suspension (ES), were diluted with water to provide spray mixes containing dosage rates ranging from 35 to 150 g of the active ingredient (AI)/ha. The mixes were sprayed in a laboratory chamber, onto balsam fir branch tips collected from field trees and greenhouse‐grown seedlings. Droplet spectra and spray mass recovery were determined on artificial samplers. Simulated rainfall of two different intensities was applied at different rain‐free periods, and rain droplet sizes were determined. Foliar washoff of RH‐5992 was assessed after application of different amounts of rain, and the increase in soil residues was evaluated.

A direct relationship was indicated between the amount of rainfall and RH‐5992 washoff. The larger the rain droplet size, the greater the amount washed off. Longer rain‐free periods made the deposits more resistant to rain. Regardless of the amount of rainfall, rain droplet size and rain‐free period, foliar deposits of the 2F formulation were washed off to a greater extent than the ES formulation. The increase in soil residues due to foliar washoff was greater for the 2F than for the ES formulation. The deposits of the emulsion‐suspension were consistently more resistant to rain‐washing than those of the aqueous flowable formulation.     

磁技术处理含油废水的研究进展

在磁技术除油力学原理的基础上,分析了磁性材料和改性磁性材料的除油机理,介绍了磁技术在处理油田废水、机械加工废水、轧钢废水和餐饮废水等方面的应用,指明了磁技术处理含油废水的发展方向。     

Research on the critical temperature of thermal decomposition for large cartridge emulsion explosives

Emulsion explosives are one type of main industrial explosives. The emergence of the large cartridge emulsion explosives has brought new security incidents. The differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and the accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) were selected for the preliminary investigation of the thermal stability of emulsion explosives. The results showed that the initial thermal decomposition temperatures were in the range of 232–239 °C in nitrogen atmosphere (220–232 °C in oxygen atmosphere) in DSC measurements and 216 °C in ARC measurements. The slow cook-off experiments were carried out to investigate the critical temperature of the thermal decomposition (T_c) of the large cartridge emulsion explosives. The results indicated that the larger the diameter of the emulsion explosives, the smaller the T_c is. For the large cartridge emulsion explosives with diameter of 70 mm, the T_c was 170 °C at the heating rate of 3 °C h⁻¹. It is a dangerous temperature for the production of the large cartridge emulsion explosives and it should cause our attention.     

Coupling magnetic particles with flocculants to enhance demulsification and separation of waste cutting emulsion for engineering applications

Magnetic particles were coupled with a flocculant to enhance the demulsification and separation of waste cutting emulsions. The optimal magnetic particle size and critical magnetic field conditions were investigated to achieve large-scale engineering application of magnetic demulsification separation for waste cutting emulsion treatment. The micro-scale magnetic particles were found to show comparable effects to nano-scale magnetic particles on enhancing the demulsification and separation of cutting emulsions, which are beneficial for broadening the selectivity of low-cost magnetic particles. The critical magnetic separation region was determined to be an area 40 mm from the magnetic field source. Compared to the flocculant demulsification, the magnetic demulsification separation exhibited a significant advantage in accelerating flocs–water separation by decreasing the separation time of flocs from 180–240 min to less than 15 min, compressing the flocs by reducing the floc volume ratio from 60%–90% to lower than 20%, and showing excellent adaptability to the variable properties of waste cutting emulsions. Coupled with the design of the magnetic disk separator, continuous demulsification separation of the waste cutting emulsion was achieved at 1.0 t/hr for at least 10 hr to obtain clear effluent with 81% chemical oxygen demand removal and 89% turbidity reduction. This study demonstrates the feasibility of applying magnetic demulsification separation to large-scale continuous treatment of waste emulsion. Moreover, it addresses the flocs–water separation problems that occur in practical flocculant demulsification engineering applications.     

高浓度油脂乳化有机废水的治理

北海粮油工业有限公司油脂乳化废水 ,CODCr高达 15 0 0 0mg L ,油 5 0 0 0mg L ,采用高效气浮与成套设备处理后 ,收到了相当满意的效果     

超疏水膜用于含油废水处理过程机理及研究进展

综述了多年来国内外高度疏水膜应用于乳化油污水处理的研究及进展,简单介绍了含油污水处理及破乳方法,重点介绍了疏水膜分相机理和处理油水乳状液的破乳机理,讨论了影响疏水膜油水分离的因素。最后对今后的研究方向提出展望。     

“低伤害油基压井液”的研制与应用前景

由于水基压井液对岩芯伤害高,本文研制了油基低伤害压井液并在修井中进行应用。应用油基低伤害压井液可以减少环境污染,提高原油的产量和采出率,经济效益明显。     

乳状液膜法处理邻甲苯酚废水的研究

研究了用非流动载体乳状液膜法对废水中的邻甲苯酚进行提取分离。对影响邻甲苯酚渗透扩散的几种因素进行考察。结果表明,油相为10％Span-80煤油溶液、料液pH=3．5～5、内水相为2％NaOH溶液和乳水比Rew=1:10的条件下,经过一级液膜分离过程,邻甲苯酚的提取率可达98％以上。对提取富集的邻甲苯酚还可以进行回收利用。     

用复合絮凝剂处理含乳化油废水的试验研究

本文对处理含乳化油废水所用的破乳絮凝剂进行了试验研究.分别采用电解质、无机高分子聚合物及电解质与高分子聚合物复合处理含乳化油废水.结果表明,与采用单一药剂相比,电解质与无机高分子聚合物复合处理含乳化油废水具有投药量小、药剂费用低、处理效果好、pH值适用范围宽等特点.本文还探讨了电解质与无机高分子聚合物复合破乳的机理,并且提出处理不同浓度的含乳化油废水时电解质与高分子聚合物的最佳复配比例及配比规律.还讨论了投加聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)的协同作用.这些为工业应用提供了必要的技术参数.