Coupling magnetic particles with flocculants to enhance demulsification and separation of waste cutting emulsion for engineering applications

Magnetic particles were coupled with a flocculant to enhance the demulsification and separation of waste cutting emulsions. The optimal magnetic particle size and critical magnetic field conditions were investigated to achieve large-scale engineering application of magnetic demulsification separation for waste cutting emulsion treatment. The micro-scale magnetic particles were found to show comparable effects to nano-scale magnetic particles on enhancing the demulsification and separation of cutting emulsions, which are beneficial for broadening the selectivity of low-cost magnetic particles. The critical magnetic separation region was determined to be an area 40 mm from the magnetic field source. Compared to the flocculant demulsification, the magnetic demulsification separation exhibited a significant advantage in accelerating flocs–water separation by decreasing the separation time of flocs from 180–240 min to less than 15 min, compressing the flocs by reducing the floc volume ratio from 60%–90% to lower than 20%, and showing excellent adaptability to the variable properties of waste cutting emulsions. Coupled with the design of the magnetic disk separator, continuous demulsification separation of the waste cutting emulsion was achieved at 1.0 t/hr for at least 10 hr to obtain clear effluent with 81% chemical oxygen demand removal and 89% turbidity reduction. This study demonstrates the feasibility of applying magnetic demulsification separation to large-scale continuous treatment of waste emulsion. Moreover, it addresses the flocs–water separation problems that occur in practical flocculant demulsification engineering applications.     

用复合絮凝剂处理含乳化油废水的试验研究

本文对处理含乳化油废水所用的破乳絮凝剂进行了试验研究.分别采用电解质、无机高分子聚合物及电解质与高分子聚合物复合处理含乳化油废水.结果表明,与采用单一药剂相比,电解质与无机高分子聚合物复合处理含乳化油废水具有投药量小、药剂费用低、处理效果好、pH值适用范围宽等特点.本文还探讨了电解质与无机高分子聚合物复合破乳的机理,并且提出处理不同浓度的含乳化油废水时电解质与高分子聚合物的最佳复配比例及配比规律.还讨论了投加聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)的协同作用.这些为工业应用提供了必要的技术参数.     

静态混凝破乳吸附法处理乳化废液

乳化废液在静态混凝破乳分离装置中，加入混凝破乳剂ＰＡＣ２ｇ／Ｌ、助凝剂ＰＡＭ（８％）２ｍｌ／Ｌ、混凝６ｍｉｎ，静态分离１ｈ，出水清沏透明，油含量小于１０ｍｇ／Ｌ。再经煤渣灰吸附处理，出水油含量小于３ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＣＯＤｃｒ＜３００ｍｇ／Ｌ，ｐＨ：７～８。混凝絮渣经酸溶后，可回收９５％以上的油品，此方法已在实际中应用。     

海面溢油分散剂的研制

分散剂是处理海上溢油的主要手段之一，它包含的化学成分能减少溢油和水之间的表面张力，对油膜产生破碎的分散作用，进而使油进入水体中形成水包油乳状液，加速了油膜在海上的扩散和风化过程。为进一步研制和应用该产品，本文详细叙述了分散剂的扩散机理，发展历史，组成及应用，并对已研制的消油剂产品性能，应用特点等进行阐述。     

洗毛废水治理工艺新探

根据洗羊毛工艺排出废水的特性，用笔者开发研究的ＭＦＭ－９４工艺和ＪＦ－Ⅱ型无机高效凝聚剂处理洗毛废水，可以便利地使处理水ＢＯＤ达４００ｍｇ／ｌ以内，ＣＯＤ在６００ｍｇ／ｌ以内，每吨废水处理费用仅为２．７５元，处理后可直接进污水处理厂再处理，也可经后续生化处理后排放。     

天津钢管公司乳化液循环使用处理装置的研制

采用两级气浮 过滤 杀菌处理无缝钢管加工过程中的乳化液 ,去除油污、铁屑、泥渣、悬浮物、细菌 ,使之循环使用 ,保证钢管加工质量 ,节省乳化液费用     

乳状液膜法萃取氨基酸的研究

本文以ＴＯＭＡＣ为载体，ＥＣＡ４３６０Ｊ为表面活性剂，内外相Ｃｌ＾－浓度梯度为推动力，研究了Ｌ－苯丙氨酸在乳状液膜体系中的传输，并对影响液膜萃取的各种因素进行了系统的阐述，确定了此体系的最佳膜相组成的实验条件，实现了Ｌ－苯丙氨酸的提取和浓缩。     

用破乳-Fenton氧化联合处理高浓度有机废水的研究

用破乳—Fenton催化氧化联合处理含有松香类有机物的高浓度乳化液 ,在适当条件下 ,COD去除率高达99 % ,出水达到排放标准。文中讨论了H2 O2 、Fe2 +加入量及 pH值对去除COD的影响 ,并对松香的降解机理作了简要的分析     

Window-of-Opportunity for In Situ Burning

This paper is a summary of the fundamentals that influence the window-of-opportunity for in situ burning of oil at sea. It is a discussion of the variables and factors that influence the capabilities and limitations of in situ burning of oil. This includes the requirements for ignition and sustained burning and the factors that influence the quantity of residue and burn efficiency and the use of emulsion breakers.     

W/O乳化油液水滴在驻波场中的运动仿真

从驻波场强迫振动下乳化液中水滴的受力分析出发,建立了驻波场下液滴运动速度模型,利用Matlab仿真分析了水滴在驻波场中的运动规律,同时,分析了水滴位置、水滴粒径与驻波频率对水滴速度的影响。仿真结果表明:水滴具有向波节运动的趋势,其初始位置与波节距离越远,到达波节的时间就越长;半波长范围内,水滴运动速度呈正弦分布;水滴粒径越大,波动越明显,波动时间越长。